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Anatomy - Back and Spinal Cord > Spinal Cord > Flashcards

Spinal Cord Flashcards

0
Q

What are the two branches of the nervous system?

A

Central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral nervous system (PNS)

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1
Q

What is the medical term for cervical and lumbar enlargements in the spinal cord?

A

Lumbar and cervical cistern

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2
Q

What is the CNS made up of?

A

Brain and spinal cord

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3
Q

What is the PNS made up of?

A

Cranial nerves and spinal nerves

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4
Q

How many cranial nerves are there?

A

12

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5
Q

How many spinal nerves are there?

A

31

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6
Q

What are the divisions of the sensory part of the nervous system?

A

Somatic and visceral sensory divisions

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7
Q

What are the divisions of the motor part of the nervous system?

A

Autonomic (involuntary) and somatic (voluntary) motor divisions

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8
Q

What is the segmental innervation of the brachial plexus?

A

C5-T1

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9
Q

What are the three layer of the meninges?

A

Superficial to deep: Pia mater, arachnoid mater, dura mater

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10
Q

What is the segmental innervation of the lumbosacral plexus?

A

L1-S5

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11
Q

What are the three cells associated with the nervous system?

A

Neuroglia, schwann cells, neurons

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12
Q

What is the function of schwann cells?

A

Produces myelin protein for myelinated axons

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13
Q

What is the structural and functional unit of the nervous system?

A

Neuron

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14
Q

Do dendrites carry impulses to or away from the neuron cell body?

A

To

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15
Q

Do axons carry impulses to or away from the neuron cell body?

A

Away

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16
Q

What is a synapse?

A

The point at which one neuron communicates with one or more neurons

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17
Q

What is the length of the spinal cord?

A

Medulla to L1 or L2

18
Q

What is the segmental portion of the cervical enlargement?

A

C4-T1

19
Q

What is the segmental portion of the lumbosacral enlargement?

A

L1-S3

20
Q

What is the filum terminale?

A

Anchors the dural sac to the coccyx

21
Q

Where does the CSF sit?

A

Underneath the arachnoid mater in the subarachnoid space

22
Q

What is a denticulate ligament?

A

Sheet of pia mater that anchors the spinal cord to the dural sac

23
Q

What are the three layers of the connective tissue coverings?

A

Epineurium, perineurium, and endoneurium

24
Q

How many arteries are associated with the spinal cord?

A

1 anterior spinal artery and 2 posterior spinal arteries

25
Q

How many veins are associated with the spinal cord?

A

3 anterior spinal veins and 3 posterior spinal veins

26
Q

How many medullary and radicular veins drain the spinal veins?

A

12

27
Q

What is in the gray matter (nucleus)?

A

Nerve cell bodies

28
Q

What is in the white matter (tracts)?

A

Axons

29
Q

What is the visual ending of the spinal cord?

A

Dural sac

30
Q

What area of the vertebral column has the smallest amount of gray matter?

A

Thoracic

31
Q

What area of the vertebral column has the largest amount of gray mater?

A

Lumbar

32
Q

What information does the dorsal (posterior) nerve root carry?

A

Sensory

33
Q

What information does the ventral (anterior) nerve root carry?

A

Motor

34
Q

Where do the dorsal and ventral roots run?

A

Subarachnoid space covered in pia mater

35
Q

What is the only region that has cauda equina?

A

Lumbar

36
Q

Where can you see lateral horns?

A

Autonomic nervous system

37
Q

What do the afferent nerve roots carry?

A

Sensory

38
Q

What do the efferent nerve roots carry?

A

Motor

39
Q

What is the endoneurium?

A

A delicate connective tissue sheath that surrounds the neurolemma cells and axons

40
Q

What is the perineurium?

A

A layer of dense connective tissue that encloses a fascicle (bundle) of peripheral nerve fibers

41
Q

What is the epineurium?

A

A thick connective tissue sheath that surrounds and encloses a bundle of fascicles

42
Q

What is the cauda equina?

A

Bundle of spinal nerve roots running through the lumbar cistern

Anatomy - Back and Spinal Cord (11 decks)

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