Spinal Cord

Question 1

Cervical Level

Answer 1

7 Vertebrae

8 spinal nerves

Question 2

Thoracic Level

Answer 2

Twelve vertebrae and spinal nerves

Question 3

Lumbar Level

Answer 3

Five vertebrae and spinal nerves

Question 4

Sacral and Coccygeal levels

Answer 4

Five spinal nerves each

Question 5

The ________ vertebrae are the most fragile

Answer 5

Cervical

Question 6

Vertebral levels of greatest mobility

Answer 6

C1 - 2
C5 - 6
T12 - L1

Question 7

Epidural space contains:

Answer 7

Venous plexus

Question 8

Dura Mater

Answer 8

the outermost covering of spinal cord

Question 9

forms a layer under the dura and extends

trabeculae to the pia mater

Answer 9

Arachnoid

Question 10

intimate with the cord

Forms the denticulate ligaments

Answer 10

Pia Mater

Question 11

This fills the subarachnoid space

Answer 11

Cerebrospinal Fluid

Question 12

Anchoring cord of denticulate ligaments

Answer 12

Denticulate ligaments extend from the cord through the arachnoid to the dura
Spinal nerves also anchor the cord in the vertebral canal

Question 13

the caudal cone-shaped end of the

spinal cord. It extends to the L1 - L2 interspace

Answer 13

Conus Medullaris

Question 14

consists of the pia and arachnoid that

extend from the conus medullaris to the coccyx (tail bone)

Answer 14

Filum Terminale

Question 15

consists of posterior and

anterior roots and occupies the lumbar cistern

Answer 15

The Cauda Equina (horse’s tail)

Question 16

Posterior Root

Answer 16

carries sensory signals toward the
cord. A posterior root ganglion is found along the
posterior root. It contains the neuron cell bodies of
the nerve fibers that make up the posterior root.

Question 17

carries motor signals away from

the cord

Answer 17

Anterior Root

Question 18

_________ ________ of the spinal nerve serves the posterior aspect of the body and contains both posterior and anterior root fibers

Answer 18

Posterior Ramus

Question 19

__________ ________ of the spinal nerve serves the anterior aspect of the body and contains both posterior and anterior root fibers

Answer 19

Anterior Ramus

Question 20

contain autonomic fibers and branch off the spinal nerve at levels T1-L2

Answer 20

Gray and White communicating rami

Question 21

Internally the cord consists of:

Answer 21

Gray matter which is made up of neuron cell bodies

White matter which is made up of myelinated axons

Question 22

Externally the cord is subdivided into regions by:

Answer 22

longitudinal grooves called sulci or fissures. A

fissure is a deep sulcus

Question 23

Early in development the cord extended __________________________________. At that time spinal nerves grew out between vertebrae to connect the cord with ____________ ___________.

Answer 23

the entire length of the vertebral canal; peripheral structures

Question 24

Later in development the cord stopped growing but ___________________________________. As a result the cord was drawn cranially within the
vertebral canal but the nerves persisted in exiting the canal through_________________.

Answer 24

the vertebral column continued to grow larger; the original foramina

Question 25

The caudal end of the cord in the adult corresponds with

Answer 25

the L1 - L2 interspace of the vertebral column

Question 26

Gray matter consists of

Answer 26

Nerve cell bodies and dendrites

Question 27

T or F: There is myelin in gray matter

Answer 27

False

Question 28

Lipophilic stains are attracted to lipid and stain the myelin dark. As a result, in stained tissue the:

Answer 28

White matter is dark, Gray matter is light

Question 29

consists of the fibers that make up the white matter that lies between the two posterolateral sulci

Answer 29

Posterior Funiculus

Question 30

consists of the fibers that make up the white matter that lies between the posterolateral sulcus and the anterolateral sulcus.

Answer 30

Lateral Funiculus

Question 31

consists of the fibers that make up the white matter that lies between the two anterolateral sulci

Answer 31

Anterior Funiculus

Question 32

receives incoming sensory messages

Answer 32

Posterior Horn

Question 33

consists of motor neurons of the | autonomic nervous system

Answer 33

Lateral Horn

Question 34

consists of motor neurons of the | somatic nervous system

Answer 34

Anterior Horn

Question 35

consists of sensory fibers from the upper extremities which begin to enter at level T-6. This cross-section must be above T-6.

Answer 35

Fasciculus Cuneatus

Question 36

The lateral horn is seen only between

Answer 36

Levels T1-L2

Question 37

Lamina I

Answer 37

relays sensory signals

Question 38

Lamina II

Answer 38

Substantia Gelatinosa (important in pain)

Question 39

Lamina V

Answer 39

relays sensory signals

Question 40

Annulus fibrosus

Answer 40

Fibers weaken and rupture

Question 41

Nucleus pulposus

Answer 41

remnant of the notochord

Question 42

The nucleus herniates through the break in the annulus fibrosus and

Answer 42

puts pressure on nearby nerves

Question 43

Cervical Spondylosis

Answer 43

``` Bony ridges (osteophytes) on the vertebral bodies cause a narrowing of the intervertebral foramina ```