Spinal CNS and Related Structures (23%) Flashcards
What does the ectoderm give rise to
Notochord
Ectoderm
Neural Plate
The vertebra column is formed from
Sclerotome (mesoderm) (somite cells)
What does the notochord do
Induces ectoderm to form neuroectoderm
What does the ectoderm do
Forms neural plate
What does the neural plate do
forms neural groove which houses the spinal cord and brain vesiciles
What does the neural plate develop into
Macrogilal cells Oligodendrocytes Astrocytes Neurons Ependymal Cells Retinal Cells
What does the Ectoderm develop into
Foregut
Midgut
Hindgut
Allantosis
What does the foramen Ovale become
Fossa Ovalis (between interartrial spetum)
What does the ductus Arteriosus become
Ligamentum Areteriosum
What does the ductus Venosus become
Ligamnetum Venosum
What does the umbilical vein become
Ligamentum teres
What does the umbilical arteries become
Medial umbilical ligaments
What does the urachus become
Duct of Allantosis
What are Glioblast
Like “glue”
Gives rise to astrocytes and oligodendrosytes
What is the most numerous cell of the CNS
Astrocyte
What cell is numerous in the CNS and forms MYELIN aroound CNS
Oligodenocytes
What does the ependymal cell do
Line CNS
Ciliated, makes leaky barrier between CSF and CNS
What is another name for Microglia cells
Gitterzellen
What is the function for microglia
Macrophage
what is the function of Neuroblast
Makes neurons
What are the two macroglia
Astrocytes (BBB; active transport for glucose and filters)
Oligodendrocytes: Myelin
The circle of willis goes anatomically around
Piturotary gland
Optic Chiasm
Which two arteries supply the circle
Verterbal A
Internal Carotid a
What areteries make the circle
Anterior and Posterio Cerebral
Anterior and Posterior Communicating
what is the MC location for cerebral vascular accident
Middle Cerebral (carries more blood)
What supplies blood to the posterior roots of the spinal cord
Posterolateral longitundinal Artery trunks
What are the two strucutres of the Cerebral Cortex
Neocortex (90%)
Allocortex
The brainstem contains important nuclei for these CN
III-XII
What can occur from damage to the basal ganglia
Chorea
How much CSF is in an adult
140-270ml
What is the epidural filled with
Fat and viens
What is the innermost layer of the neural tube
Ependymal cell
What produces CSF
Choroid Plexus
What resorbs CSF
Arachnoid Granulations
How much CSF is in the ventricles
25ml
The Bell Magendi Law
Dorsal: Sensory
Ventral: Motor
What is the roof of the midbrain
Tectum
What is the medial portion of the cerebellum
Vermis
What is the paleocerebellar
Anteiror portion of cerebellum
General Muscle Tone
What is the Neocerebella
Posterior Portion of Cerebellum
Coordination of skilled movements
What function does the Archicerebellar have
Equlibrium
What is the blood supply for the Cerebellumm
Branches of the vertebral and basilar arteries
What are the cerebellar nuclei
Fastigul Globus Emboliform Dentate Medial to Lateral, Small to Large
What is the pahway betwwen the thalmus and cortex
through the internal capsule and corona radiate
What is the primary Sensory Cortex
Postcentral Gyrus
What is the primary Motor Cortex
Precentral gyrus
