Biochemistry Carbs Part I (18%) Flashcards
Ketone is
Multiple Hydroxyl Groups (Also has doubled bonded O)
Carbs are stored as
Coenzymes, RNA, DNA
Simple Carbs are
sugars with one or two single sugars
Complex Carbs have
many sugar units
Sorbitol is
Sugar alcohol from glucose and converted to frustose
Sorbitols are found in
berries, cherries, plums and pears
Sorbitols are used to
make sweetners-excess can cause diaherra
Polysaccharides are
Complex CHOs made of many single sugar units
Carbs are oxidized through the
Citric acid cycle (Krebs)
Excess Carbs are converted to
glycogen
The Hormonal changes carbs can have
Raises blood glucose levles or lower blood glucose levels
What are the big 4 catabolic pathways Carbs are used in
Glycolysis
Pyruvate Oxidation
Citric Acid Cycle
Oxidative Phosphorlaytion
The big 4 Pathways depends on
concentration of:
ATP
ADP
AMP
If ATP is high, the big 4
are low
If ATP is low , the big 4 are`
accelerated
Carbs come in structural two forms that are
Starch (Complex)
Sugars (simple, and most common)
Alpha bonds mean
Digestible
Beta bonds mean
indigestible
Monosaccharides include
Glucose Fructose Ribose Sorbitol Mannitol
Ribose has how many Carbons on it
5
Glucose and Ribose are Aldose, Fructose is a
Ketose
What are the different types of Disaccharides and Ogligosaccharides
Maltose
Lactose
Sucrose
Trehalose
What kind if bond is Maltose
alpha 1
What kind of bond os Lacase
Beta 1
What kind of bond is Sucrose
It is both alpha and beta 1
What makes up Maltose
Glucise and Glucose
What makes up Lactase
Glucose and Galactose
What makes up Sucrose
Glucose and Fructose
What are the different types of polysaccharides
Cellulose
Amylose
Amylopectin
Glycogen
The three polysaccharides that come from plant sources
Cellulose
Amylose
Amylopectin
What is a Lignin
Only noncarbohydrate type of dietary fiber
Where are carbs diggested
Mouth
Small Intestine
