Biochemistry Carbs Part I (18%) Flashcards

1
Q

Ketone is

A

Multiple Hydroxyl Groups (Also has doubled bonded O)

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2
Q

Carbs are stored as

A

Coenzymes, RNA, DNA

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3
Q

Simple Carbs are

A

sugars with one or two single sugars

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4
Q

Complex Carbs have

A

many sugar units

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5
Q

Sorbitol is

A

Sugar alcohol from glucose and converted to frustose

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6
Q

Sorbitols are found in

A

berries, cherries, plums and pears

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7
Q

Sorbitols are used to

A

make sweetners-excess can cause diaherra

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8
Q

Polysaccharides are

A

Complex CHOs made of many single sugar units

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9
Q

Carbs are oxidized through the

A

Citric acid cycle (Krebs)

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10
Q

Excess Carbs are converted to

A

glycogen

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11
Q

The Hormonal changes carbs can have

A

Raises blood glucose levles or lower blood glucose levels

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12
Q

What are the big 4 catabolic pathways Carbs are used in

A

Glycolysis
Pyruvate Oxidation
Citric Acid Cycle
Oxidative Phosphorlaytion

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13
Q

The big 4 Pathways depends on

A

concentration of:
ATP
ADP
AMP

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14
Q

If ATP is high, the big 4

A

are low

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15
Q

If ATP is low , the big 4 are`

A

accelerated

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16
Q

Carbs come in structural two forms that are

A

Starch (Complex)

Sugars (simple, and most common)

17
Q

Alpha bonds mean

A

Digestible

18
Q

Beta bonds mean

A

indigestible

19
Q

Monosaccharides include

A
Glucose
Fructose
Ribose
Sorbitol
Mannitol
20
Q

Ribose has how many Carbons on it

21
Q

Glucose and Ribose are Aldose, Fructose is a

22
Q

What are the different types of Disaccharides and Ogligosaccharides

A

Maltose
Lactose
Sucrose
Trehalose

23
Q

What kind if bond is Maltose

24
Q

What kind of bond os Lacase

25
What kind of bond is Sucrose
It is both alpha and beta 1
26
What makes up Maltose
Glucise and Glucose
27
What makes up Lactase
Glucose and Galactose
28
What makes up Sucrose
Glucose and Fructose
29
What are the different types of polysaccharides
Cellulose Amylose Amylopectin Glycogen
30
The three polysaccharides that come from plant sources
Cellulose Amylose Amylopectin
31
What is a Lignin
Only noncarbohydrate type of dietary fiber
32
Where are carbs diggested
Mouth | Small Intestine