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Spinal Anatomy > Spinal canal and Spinal Cord relationships + Cervical region > Flashcards

Spinal canal and Spinal Cord relationships + Cervical region Flashcards

1
Q

What is the relationship between spinal nerve number, rib number, and vertebral number in a thoracic IVF?

A

the spinal nerve number relates to the upper segment number in the vertebral couple
the rib number relates to the lower segment number in the vertebral couple

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2
Q

which mammals have more than seven cervical vertebrae?

A

ant bear, three toed sloth

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3
Q

which mammals have less than seven cervical vertebrae?

A

Two toed sloth, manatee

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4
Q

which vertebrae are typical cervicals?

A

C3-C6

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5
Q

which vertebrae are atypical cervicals?

A

C1, C2, and C7

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6
Q

what is the shape of the typical cervical vertebral body from the cranial view?

A

rectangular

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7
Q

what is the appearance of the typical cervical vertebral body from the lateral view?

A

posterior height is greater than anterior height by a few milimeters

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8
Q

What would be the direction of the cervical curve based on osseous features?

A

Posterior or kyphotic

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9
Q

what accounts for the direction of the typical cervical curve?

A

the IVD height

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10
Q

what is the direction of the typical cervical curve?

A

anterior or lordotic

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11
Q

at which vertebral couple will the cervical curve again increase IVD height?

A

C5/C6

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12
Q

What is the effect of aging on the cervical vertebral body?

A

it diminishes the overall height of the vertebral body

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13
Q

what are the modifications of the superior epiphyseal rim?

A

anterior groove, posterior groove, right and left uncinate processes

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14
Q

what are the names of the lateral modification of the superior epiphyseal rim?

A

uncinate process, unciform process, uncovertebral process, uncus or lateral lip

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15
Q

what are the modifications of the inferior epiphyseal rim of a typical cervical?

A

anterior lip, posterior lip, right and left lateral grooves

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16
Q

what are the names given to the lateral modifications of the inferior epiphyseal rim|?

A

lateral groove or enchancrure

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17
Q

What is the joint classification for the posterior lip- posterior groove articulation?

A

firbous syndesmosis

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18
Q

What is the joint classification for the uncinate process lateral groove articulation?

A

modified synovial saddle

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19
Q

what is the joint classifcation for the spongy bone IVD articulation?

A

cartilaginous symphysis

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20
Q

how many joint surfaces are present on the upper surface of a typical cervical vertebral body?

A

five

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21
Q

how many joint surfaces are present on the lower surface of a typical cervical vertebral body?

A

five

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22
Q

how many joint surfaces are present on the vertebral body of a typical cervical?

A

ten

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23
Q

how many synovial joint surfaces are present on the vertebral body of a typical cervical ?

A

four

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24
Q

what is the name given to the uncinate process lateral groove articulation?

A

joint of luschka or uncovertebral joint

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25
Q

what does the recent literature suggest as to the nature of the joint of luschka?

A

the joint is representative of IVD while accomodating flexion - extension and requiring coupled motion in the cervical spine

26
Q

what muscle attaches to the typical cervical boyd?

A

The longus colli muscle

27
Q

what is the orientation and angulation of the pedicle of a typical cervical?

A

posterolateral, 45 degree

28
Q

what ligament attaches to the lamina of a typical cervical?

A

ligamentum flavum

29
Q

What joint classification will be associated with the ligamentum flavum and its attachments?

A

fibrous syndesmosis

30
Q

Ossification of the ligamentum flavum at the attachment site on the lamina will result in what feature?

A

para-articular process

31
Q

ossification of the ligamentum flavum at the attachment site on the lamina will be associated with which classification of bone?

A

accessory bone

32
Q

ossification within the length of the ligamentum flavum will be associated with which classification of bone?

A

heterotopic bone

33
Q

what is the outline of the vertebral foramen of a typical cervical vertebrae?

A

heart shaped or triangular

34
Q

which is the greatest diameter of the vertebral foramen of typical cervicals?

A

transverse

35
Q

what soft tissue diameter mimics the outline of the typical cervical vertebral foramen?

A

the transverse diameter of the cervical enlargement of the spinal cord

36
Q

the greatest transverse diameter of the typical cervical vertebra occurs at ?

A

C6

37
Q

the greatest frequency of osteophytes associated with the vertebral body occurs at which typical cervical vertebral couple?

A

C5/C6

38
Q

what muscles will attach to the anterior tubercle of a typical cervical vertebra?

A

anterior scalene, longus capitis, longus colli, anterior intertrasversarii

39
Q

what is the distal modification of the true transverse process of typical cervicals?

A

the posterior tubercle

40
Q

what muscles may attach to the posterior tubercle of a typical cervical verterbra?

A

splenius cervicis, iliocostalis cervicis, logissimus cervicis, levator scapula, middle scalene, posterior scalene, rotators and posterior intertransversarii

41
Q

what muscles will attach to the costotransverse bar?

A

middle scalene and posterior intertransversarii

42
Q

what is the name given to the collective rib forming region?

A

the pleurapophysis

43
Q

what is the name given to the superior margin of the costotransverse bar?

A

sulcus for the ventral primary ramus of a cervical spinal nerve

44
Q

what is the orientation and angulation of a typical cervical transverse process?

A

60 degrees anterolaterally, 15 degrees inferiorly

45
Q

what is the name given to the modification of the anterior tubercle of the C6 transverse process?

A

the carotid tubercle

46
Q

what will occupy the typical cervical vertebra transverse foramen?

A

the vertebral artery, vertebral venous plexus and postganglionic sympathetic motor nerve fibers

47
Q

what is the name of the lamina pedicle junction of typical cervical vertebrae?

A

the articular pillar

48
Q

what is the name of the surface feature observed between the ends of the articular pillar?

A

the groove/sulcus for the dorsal ramus of a cervical spinal nerve

49
Q

what nerve indents the articular pillar of typical cervical vertebra?

A

the medial branch of the dorsal ramus of a cervical spinal nerve

50
Q

what is the classic angulation of typical cervical articular facets?

A

40 to 45 degrees from the coronal plane

51
Q

what is the orientation of the typical cervical superior articular facet?

A

backward, upward, medial

52
Q

what is the orientation of the typical cervical inferior articular facet

A

forward, lateral, downward

53
Q

what muscles will attach to typical cervical articular processes?

A

the longissimus capitis, longissimus cervicis, semispinalis capitis, semispinalis cervicis, multifidis and rotators

54
Q

what muscles blend with the capsular ligament of cervical zygapophysis?

A

the semispinalis capitis, multifidis and rotator longus

55
Q

what modifications of the synovial joint are observed in the cervical spine?

A

meniscoidal folds

56
Q

The greatest range of flexion - extension among the typical cervical vertebrae occurs at which vertebral couple?

A

typically C5/C6

57
Q

what motions are coupled in the cervical spine?

A

lateral bending and axial rotation

58
Q

ranges of coupled motion among the typical cervical vertebrae will be similar fot what cervical vertebral couples?

A

The C2/C3, C3/C4, C4/C5 vertebral couples

59
Q

ranges of coupled motion among the typical cervical vertebrae will begin to decrease at what cervical vertebral couple?

A

The C5/C6 vertebral couple

60
Q

What muscles may attach to the typical cervical spinous process?

A

the spinalis cervicis, semispinalis cervicis, semispinalis thoracis, multifidis, rotators and interspinalis

Spinal Anatomy (19 decks)

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