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NBS BOARD Gems > Spinal Anatomy > Flashcards

Spinal Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

Foramen Ovale becomes

A

Fossa Ovalis

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2
Q

Ductus Arteriosus becomes

A

Ligamentum Arteriosum (bypasses the lung pulmonary trunk

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3
Q

Ductus Venosus becomes

A

Ligamentum Venosum (bypasses sinusoids of fetal liver)

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4
Q

Umbilical vein becomes

A

Ligamentum teres (round ligament)

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5
Q

Umbilical artery beomes

A

medial umbilical ligament

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6
Q

Ectoderm gives rise to all neurons and supporting cells

The neural plate forms the neural groove and houses the _______ _______and brain vesicles

A

Spinal cord and brain vesicles

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7
Q

Sclerotome —>

A

Vertebral column (cartilage and bone)

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8
Q

Neural CREST develops into / Neural PLATE develops into

“Don’t be a MOANER, learn your neural plate”

A 
Macroglial cells
Oligodendrocytes  (type of macroglial)
Astrocytes (type of macroglial)
Neurons (from CNS)
Ependymal Cells
Retinal Cells

The rest are Neural Crest, if not on this short list

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9
Q

The endoderm forms the lining of the ______ tube and its associated structures

A

digestive tube

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10
Q

The Urachus is a remnant of the duct of

A

allantois

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11
Q

Ventricels are a direct extension of the

A

Spinal Cord

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12
Q

Branchial Arch aka

A

Pharyngeal Arch

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13
Q

Mandibular branch of trigeminal is which Pharyngeal arches?

The skeletal structures involved ______, ________

Muscles Involved

“Mmm’s”

A

1st

Malleolus (Meckel’s cartilage )
Incus (Quadrate cartilage)

Muscles of Mastication and jaw closing muscles

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14
Q 
Facial Nerve --> Pharyngeal Arch  \_\_\_\_\_
Skeletal Structures (2)

Muscles

A

2nd

Stapes, Styloid

Facial muscles of expression , jaw opening muscles, stylohyoid, and stapedious (which is smallest muscles in the body)

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15
Q

Glossopharyngeal —> Pharyngeal Arch ______

Skeletal Structure (2)

Muscle (1)

A

3rd

Cornu and Hyoid

Stylopharyngeus

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16
Q

Superior Laryngeal of Vagus —> Pharyngeal Arch ______

Skeletal Structures (2)

Muscles (3)

A

4th

Thyroid cartilage
Cricoid Cartilage

Pharyngeal, cricothyroid, and levator palantine muscles

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17
Q

Inferior Laryngeal of Vagus —> Pharyngeal Arch ______
(Recurrent Branch)

Skeletal Structures (3)

Muscle

A

6th

Arytenoid
Corniculate Cartilage
Cuneiform cartilage

Laryngeal

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18
Q

C1 has no dermatome EVALUATION
C2 back of _______
C3 ______ of neck

A

C2 back of scalp

C3 nape of neck

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19
Q

The most numerous cell of the CNS, acts like connective tissue, part of Blood brian barrier, and forms scar like tissue post injury

A

Astrocytes

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20
Q

Oligodendrocytes form

A

myelin and are th 2nd most numerous

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21
Q

Ependymal cells line the _____ and are ciliated

Also produce _____

A

CNS

CSF

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22
Q

Gitterzellen is an aka for

A

microglia cell, which are phagocytes (macrophage)

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23
Q

Types of neurons within the CNS that serve as connectors between two hemispheres

A

Commissural

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24
Q

Types of neurons within the CNS that serve as connectors within the same hemisphere but different parts

A

Association

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25
Q

_______ connects lower centers to the cerebral cortex

A

Projection

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26
Q

The lateral ventricels are separated by the

A

Septum pellucidum

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27
Q

TEL DI MES MET MY Cranial Nerve Association

TEL
DI
MES
MET 
MY
A

1 Tel

2 Di

3,4 Mes

5,6,7,8 Met (4th ventricle)

9,10,11,12 My (4th ventricle)

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28
Q

Mesencephalon (Primary)–> Mesencephalon (2ndary)–>

A

Midbrain (Cerbral Aqueduct of Sylvius)

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29
Q

Prosencephalon (Primary) —> ___ ___ (Secondary) –> (Structures) _________

A

Tel (Forebrain)

Di (Anything with thalamus in it and mamillary bodies, retina, and pineal gland)

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30
Q
  • Rhombencephalon –> Metencephalon–> Cerebellum and __________
A

PONS

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31
Q
  • Most Common location of cerebral vascular accident
A

Middle Cerebal Artery

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32
Q

Anteromedial longitudinal artery trunk (AMLAT) is an aka for —— and sends 200 branches into the ventral aspect of the spinal cord

A

Anterior spinal artery

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33
Q
  • Telencephalon include caudate, putamen, globus pallidus and _______ ganglia
A

Basal ganglia

34
Q

Mesecephalpon nuclei include subthalamic and

A

substantia nigra

35
Q

review circle of willis

A

review circle of willis

36
Q
  • The corpus striatum (striate body) —> head of caudate and ______
A

putamen

37
Q
  • The basal ganglia includes the corpus striatum, amygdaloid nucleus and
A

Claustrum

38
Q

Atrophy or damage to the basal ganglia can produce

A

Chorea

39
Q

Parkinsonism is due to neuronal degeneration of the

A

substantia nigra

40
Q

MC cell in cerebellum

A

Purkinje

41
Q

Cerebellar Nuclei from medial to lateral and small to large

Flowers Grow Every Day

A

Fastigial
Globus
Emboliform
Dentate

42
Q

The main pathway between the thalamus and cortex is through

A

internal capsule ann corona radiata

43
Q

CSF in ventricle is approx

A

25ml

44
Q

Origin of the adrenal medulla

A

neural crest

45
Q

Schwann cells myelinate

A

the PNS

46
Q

Oligodendrocytes cells myelinate

A

the CNS

47
Q

The joint between the proximal radial/ulna is the

A

pivot joint aka Trochoid

48
Q

Which of the following ligaments prevent flexion and extension

A

IVD

49
Q

Which of the following is the inferior boundary of the IVF

A

superior notch of vertebrae below and/or pedicle

50
Q

Which of the following muscles causes abduction of the eye?

A

Lateral rectus

51
Q

Which of the following is NOT part of the occipital triangle

A

Rectus Capitis MINOR

52
Q

Which of the following nuclei is associated w/ taste

A

superior salvitory

53
Q

CN IV exits through the

A

SOF

54
Q

The radial nerve branch is from which of the following cords

A

Posterior

55
Q

Which of the following empties the great vein of Galen

A

Straight Sinus

56
Q

What is the connection of the 3rd and 4th ventricles

A

superior aqueduct of sylvius

57
Q

What vertebral level would typically mark the end of the spinal cord

A

L1 or L2

58
Q

Which cord in the brachial plexus controls the extensors of the arm

A

Posterior

59
Q

Which of the following structures (muscle, nerve) pierces the parotid gland:

A

buccinator and CN IX

60
Q

Thenar atrophy is primarily due to what

A

Median nerve

61
Q

Parkinson’s disease affects what tract?

A

extrapyramidal tract

62
Q

Anterior displacement of L5 vertebra on sacrum without breakage is called

A

Spondylolisthesis

63
Q

Which of the following nerves innervates the outer ear pinna

A

Greater Auricular

64
Q

The carotid sinus is innervated by

A

Vagus

65
Q

Sympathetics do not effect ______ motility

A

gastric

66
Q

Which of the following ligaments connects the tip of the dens to the rim of the occiput

A

Apical ligament

67
Q

Which of the following nerves affects pure flexion of the thumb

A

Median

Thumb “RUM” (Radial-Extension, Ulnar-Abducton, Median-Flexion

68
Q

What primordial myotome is associated with extension of knee

A

L4

69
Q

The foramen of exit for CN1 is

A

Cribiform Plate

70
Q

The ligament restricts the dens from moving posterior during flexion

A

Transverse

71
Q

Inferior facets of the lumbar vertebra oriented in which plane

A

Sagittal

72
Q

Which of the following cells line the blood brain barrier

A

Ependymal

73
Q

Where are the cell bodies of the cochlear nerve located

A

spiral ganglion

74
Q

Which area of the intervertebral disk is weakest

A

Posteriorolateral

75
Q

Vertebral column is derived from

A

sclerotome

76
Q

The tentorium cerebelli separates

A

the cerebral hemisphere and cerebellum

77
Q

The ear ossicles transmit vibratory motion of the eardrum to the

A

the oval window

78
Q

What is a medial rotator aka internal rotation of the arm

A

subscapularis

79
Q

Which would you find in the TMJ

A

articular disk

80
Q

Avascular component of the eye

A

Cornea

81
Q

Hearing Acronym SLIM

A

Superior Olivatory
Lateral
Inferior Colliculus
Medial Geniculate body of Thalamus

NBS BOARD Gems (6 decks)

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