spiers chapter 21 (clem)

Question 1

James I

Answer 1

Son of Mary Queen of Scots,
Firmly believed in divine right of kings,
Fought Parliament over his rights and privileges,
Formed marriage alliance with France for son Charles after the failed marriage alliance with Spain

Question 2

Divine right

Answer 2

the right that is supposedly given to a king or queen by God to rule a country.

Question 3

James I of england tried to rule as

Answer 3

Absolute monarch

Question 4

absolute monarch

Answer 4

a form of monarchy in which the monarch rules in his or her own right or power

Question 5

Charles I

Answer 5

succeeded his father, continued fights with puritans and Parliament, right to tax without consent of parliament, quartered soldiers without consent, lost head over differences with parliament

Question 6

1628 petition of right, severely limited power of Charles in 4 ways

Answer 6

King forbidden to collect taxes without consent of parliament, king couldn’t imprison anyone without just cause, troops could not be quartered without consent, king cannot declare martial law unless war

Question 7

quartered meaning

Answer 7

soldiers stationed somewhere (in homes?)

Question 8

martial law meaning

Answer 8

military control

Question 9

civil war sides

Answer 9

Parliament (round heads) and King (cavaliers)

Question 10

civil war result

Answer 10

Parliament and puritans won gradually, cromwell leader of army became lord and protector of England, weakened English monarchy

Question 11

charles II

Answer 11

Restored parliament, aided by his brother james who converted to catholicism when married to mary of modena

Question 12

clarendon code

Answer 12

Re Established Anglican church, must be Anglican to do many things such as attend university and hold office

Question 13

exclusion act

Answer 13

Whigs wanted to pass this so Catholics could not inherit the crown, opposed by tories

Question 14

Habeus Corpus

Answer 14

principle established in bill as a compromise for the exclusion act, states a person cannot be held in prison without just cause

Question 15

James II (Charles brother) Duke of York

Answer 15

Placed Catholics in positions of power, had “son” with mary of modena

Question 16

glorious revolution

Answer 16

James overthrown in bloodless coup d’etat by william and mary

Question 17

William and Mary

Answer 17

Took James throne, joint rulers, accepted bill of rights

Question 18

1701 act of settlement

Answer 18

prevented a Catholic from seizing the throne

Question 19

English Bill of Rights

Answer 19

King could not raise taxes, maintain army, or suspend laws without perm of parl, parl held frequently, individual rights

Question 20

Writs of Assistance

Answer 20

Blank search warrants to combat smuggling

Question 21

The Proclamation of 1763

Answer 21

Forbid colonial settlement west of Appalachian mountains to lessen conflict with native Americans

Question 22

High church vs Low church

Answer 22

High was Anglican (Protestants/church of England), more emphasis on ritual than low

Question 23

cause of civil war

Answer 23

Charles I wanted to be absolute monarch but parliament didn’t want that, Oppressive British policies like taxation without representation

Question 24

intolerable acts

Answer 24

Boston closed as harbor until tea was paid, quartering allowed, town meetings only with perm of Gov.

Question 25

common sense

Answer 25

Written by Thomas Paine and swayed opinion to independence

Question 26

Battle of Lexington and Concord

Answer 26

Seen as beginning of american revolution

Question 27

Declaration of Independence

Answer 27

Largely written by Jefferson, July 4th 1776

Question 28

republic

Answer 28

form of government featuring representative democracy

Question 29

Reasons independence won

Answer 29

France helped us, capable military leadership, patriots committed to their cause, long war

Question 30

Confederation

Answer 30

loose union of independent states

Question 31

Articles of Confederation weaknesses

Answer 31

1. No taxing power
2. No common currency
3. Limited executive power very weak