spiers chapter 20 Flashcards
Nicolaus Copernicus
Astronomer - said solar system was heliocentric not geocentric (didn’t publish work - feared the church)
Tycho Brahe
studied movements of heavenly bodies
Kepler
Used Brahe’s date and higher math to confirm Copernicus’s hypotheses
orbits were elliptical not circular
speed of orbit wasn’t constant
Wasn’t afraid of church because he was a protestant
Galileo
Built telescope
discovered moons of Jupiter and rings of Saturn
Believed world was heliocentric - the church didn’t agree
Published ideas and recanted after threatened by church
worked on physics in pendulum and inertia
Bacon
developed the scientific method
Scientific Method
observation, hypothesis, experiment, repeat experiment to be considered scientific law, conclusion
Descartes
principles of analytical geometry
everything based on reason and logic
questioned everything except existence - “I think therefor I am”
Newton
Credited scientist
developed calculus
explained gravity
first to work on optics - behavior of light
explained mechanics - F=MA
Tried to explain the world in one scientific theory
fought with Leibniz over who discovered calculus
Leibniz
developed theory of monads basic work on Quantum Mechanics
contributions in many fields
Galen
how the human body works - dissected dogs
was wrong in a lot of things
Ex: liver digested food into blood
Vesalius
dissected human bodies
explained circulatory system
Robert Hooke
Discovered cells
Boyle
rejected ideas of alchemists
Joseph Priestley
discovered oxygen and how to make carbonated drinks
A Lavoisier
worked on combustion and physical chemistry
M Lavoisier
assistant to husband
illustrated his books
translated books for him
DuPont
Student of the Lavoisier
fled France to US founding the DuPont Company
Charles II created
Royal Society in London
Louis XIV started
French Academy of Science