Sphenopsids and Ferns

Question 1

When did ferns radiate?

Answer 1

During the Devonian and carboniferous in swamp forests

Question 2

What are the most widespread seedless vascular plants?

Answer 2

Ferns

Question 3

What are Horestails?

Answer 3

Equestrium, very common and diverse in the carboniferous

Question 4

How do horsetails reproduce?

Answer 4

Homosporous, give rise to bisexual gametophytes

Question 5

What are anthophytes?

Answer 5

Stems have joints

Question 6

How are horsetails structured?

Answer 6

Rings of small leaves emerge from each joint, but stems are main site of photosynthesis, large air canals carry oxygen to the roots

Question 7

Why is it important to carry oxygen to the roots in Horsetails?

Answer 7

Because they live in waterlogged soil

Question 8

What are the six different groups of ferns?

Answer 8

Moriattiales, Ophioglossales, Psilotales, Osmundales,Polypodials, Hydropteridales

Question 9

What type of leaves do ferns have?

Answer 9

megaphyll

Question 10

What are eusporangiate?

Answer 10

sporangia arise from a group of epidermal cells

Question 11

What is leptosporangiate?

Answer 11

sporangia arise from a single epidermal cell

Question 12

What are the leaves in ferns called?

Answer 12

fronds

Question 13

How do fronds grow?

Answer 13

Unfurls at fiddle head

Question 14

What is the reproductive strategy of the plant?

Answer 14

Homosporous

Question 15

How are seeds dispersed in most species?

Answer 15

Stalk like sporangia that catapult spores several meters

Question 16

What were ferns ancestors like?

Answer 16

Grew to massive heights, forming first forests in carboniferous

Question 17

Where do most of our coal measures come from?

Answer 17

Carboniferoius