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DevBio Lab > Spermiogenesis > Flashcards

Spermiogenesis Flashcards

1
Q

differentiation stage of spermatids into mature
spermatozoa

A

Spermiogenesis

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2
Q

what are the three (3) features of spermiogenesis?

A

1.) an acrosome atop its compacted head,
2.) the midpiece containing a ring of mitochondria,
3.) a flagellum for motility

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3
Q

What are the four (4) phases of spermiogenesis?

A

1) Golgi phase,
(2) Cap phase,
(3) Tail phase,
(4) Maturation phase.

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4
Q

What follows spermiogenesis?

A

spermiation

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5
Q

By the end of the last phase,
Spermatozoon consists of three distinct
parts:

A

1.) the acrosomal head,
2.) mid (connecting) piece, and
3.) the tail.

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6
Q

_____ is the initial set of events

A

Golgi phase

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7
Q

In the Golgi phase, there is an intensified activity of the ______

A

Golgi Apparatus

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8
Q

Golgi phase

Organelle produces and release lytic enzymes that will
gather inside the future _______ (_______). At the
other end of the spermatid, a mid-piece form. The area
thickens as mitochondria fill in this part.

A

acrosome (cap phase)

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9
Q

Golgi Phase

Organelle produces and release lytic enzymes that will
gather inside the future acrosome (cap phase). At the
other end of the spermatid, a mid-piece form. The area
thickens as _________ fill in this part.

A

mitochondria

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10
Q

Golgi phase
the genetic material (_____) undergoes packaging as
protamines replace histones.

A

DNA

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11
Q

Golgi phase
the genetic material (DNA) undergoes _______ as
protamines replace histones.

A

packaging

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12
Q

Golgi phase

the genetic material (DNA) undergoes packaging as
_______ replace histones.

A

protamines

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13
Q

Golgi phase
the genetic material (DNA) undergoes packaging as protamines replace _________.

A

histones

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14
Q

thickening and
reduction of the
nuclear size,
condensation of the
nuclear contents into
the smallest space.

A

Nuclear Condensation

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15
Q

True or False

Golgi phase

By the end of this phase, the genetic material is tightly
packed, highly condensed, and transcriptionally active.

A

False (transcriptionally inactive)

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16
Q

formation of the acrosomal cap

A

Cap phase

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17
Q

Acrosomal cap aka _____

A

acrosome

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18
Q

The acrosomal cap or acrosome:
is a membrane-bound compartment at the tip of the head of the
________

A

spermatid

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19
Q

Acrosomal cap or acrosome
forms when the ________ surrounds the anterior of the
spermatid to form the acrosome.

A

Golgi apparatus

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20
Q

Cap phase
An ________-__________-________ complex
characterizes this stage.

A

acrosome- acropoaxome-manchette

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21
Q

Cap phase

The complex is the major driver for shaping the _____ of
the developing spermatid.

A

head

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22
Q

Forming a cap
(acrosome)
containing enzymes
that play an important
role in the penetration
through the pellucid
zone of the oocyte.

A

Acrosome Formation

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23
Q

Acrosome Formation
Forming a cap
(acrosome)
containing enzymes
that play an important
role in the penetration
through the _______
zone of the oocyte.

A

pellucid

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24
Q

elongation of microtubules on one of the
centrioles of the spermatid to become the tail.

A

Tail phase

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25
Q

Tail phase is the _________ ____ _______ on one of the
centrioles of the spermatid to become the tail.

A

elongation of microtubules

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26
Q

Tail phase:
elongation of microtubules on one of the ______ of the spermatid to become the tail.

A

centrioles

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27
Q

In Tail Phase, the microtubules form an ________.

A

axoneme

28
Q

Tail Phase
The axonome
– contains microtubules that are arranged in a ______
configuration.

A

9+2

29
Q

Tail phase

The developing germ cell orients itself such that
the growing tail is directed toward the ______________ of the seminiferous tubule

A

center of the lumen

30
Q

generation of
the sperm cell
tail

A

Flagellum formation

31
Q

Four parts of the finished flagellum

A

1.) neck
2.) mid piece
3.) principal piece
4.) tail

32
Q

Four (4) parts of the finished flagellum

The neck contains the two centrioles (________ and ______) among other things.

A

proximal and distal

33
Q

Four (4) parts of the finished flagellum

The _______ _______consists of a sheath of ring-
shaped mitochondria grouped around the
axoneme to provide the energy for the flagellar movement.

A

mid piece

34
Q

Four (4) parts of the finished flagellum

The mid piece consists of a sheath of ______________ grouped around the axoneme to provide the energy for the flagellar movement.

A

ring-shaped mitochondria

35
Q

Four (4) parts of the finished flagellum

The mid piece consists of a sheath of ring-
shaped mitochondria grouped around the _______ to provide the energy for the flagellar
movement.

A

axoneme

36
Q

Four (4) parts of the finished flagellum

The ______ ______ has a sheath of ring fibers
around the axoneme.

A

principal piece

37
Q

Four (4) parts of the finished flagellum

The _____ consists of only the 9+2 structure of the
axoneme

A

tail

38
Q

The final phase of spermiogenesis

A

Maturation phase

39
Q

In maturation phase, the residual ________ has been disposed
of.

A

cytoplasm

40
Q

In maturation phase, the residual cytoplasm is termed as the _________
i.e. the remaining cytoplasm and
organelles, is removed by phagocytosis
through Sertoli cells

A

residual body of regaud

41
Q

In maturation phase, the residual cytoplasm is termed as the residual body of regaud,
i.e. the remaining cytoplasm and
organelles, is removed by ________through Sertoli cells

A

phagocytosis

42
Q

In maturation phase, the residual cytoplasm is termed as the Termed as the residual body of regaud,
i.e. the remaining cytoplasm and
organelles, is removed by phagocytosis
through _______cells

A

Sertoli cells

43
Q

elimination of all
unnecessary
cytoplasm.

A

Cytoplasm reduction

44
Q

The migration of the
spermatozoon to the
epididymis to
become a motile sperm cell

A

Spermiation

45
Q

_________release the elongated non-motile
spermatozoa into the lumen of
the seminiferous tubules to be
transported to the epididymis
where they will become motile
spermatozoa

A

Sertoli cells

46
Q

Sertoli cells release the elongated non-motile ________ into the lumen of
the seminiferous tubules to be
transported to the epididymis
where they will become motile
spermatozoa

A

spermatozoa

47
Q

Sertoli cells release the elongated non-motile
spermatozoa into the lumen of
the ____________to be
transported to the epididymis
where they will become motile
spermatozoa

A

seminiferous tubules

48
Q

Sertoli cells release the elongated non-motile
spermatozoa into the lumen of
the seminiferous tubules to be
transported to the _______
where they will become motile
spermatozoa

A

epididymis

49
Q

Sertoli cells release the elongated non-motile
spermatozoa into the lumen of
the seminiferous tubules to be
transported to the epididymis
where they will become motile
__________

A

spermatozoa

50
Q

Sertoli cells secrete ________ to aid
spermatozoa to travel from the
seminiferous tubules to the rete
testis in the mediastinum testis,
to the efferent ducts, and finally
to the epididymis via peristaltic
contraction

A

testicular fluid

51
Q

Sertoli cells secrete testicular fluid to aid
spermatozoa to travel from the
seminiferous tubules to the rete
testis in the mediastinum testis,
to the efferent ducts, and finally
to the epididymis via _________ ________

A

peristaltic contraction

52
Q

It is responsible for the formation of mature motile sperm cells, starting from spermatogonia

A

Spermatogenesis

53
Q

It is responsible for the formation of mature sperm cells that are not yet motile, starting from spermatids

A

Spermiogenesis

54
Q

Stages of Spermatogenesis

A
  1. Spermatocytogenesis (mitotic phase)
  2. Spermatidogenesis (meiotic phase)
  3. Spermiogenesis and spermiation (differentiation phase)
55
Q

End product of spermatogenesis

A

Four fully-differentiated motile spermatozoa from each spermatogonium

56
Q

End product of spermiogenesis

A

One mature yet-to-be motile spermatozoon from each spermatid

57
Q

Location of Spermatogenesis

A

Seminiferous tubules, then epididymis

58
Q

Location of spermiogenesis

A

Seminiferous tubules

59
Q

Sperm shape in teleosts

A

Spheroidal

60
Q

Sperm shape in amphibians

A

Rod/ lancet- shaped

61
Q

Sperm shape in man and mammals

A

spoon-shaped

62
Q

Sperm shape in mouse and rats

A

Hooked-shaped

63
Q

Sperm according to presence of Flagella

A

Flagellated, non-flagellated

64
Q

Under Flagellated Sperm

______: majority of vertebrates

A

Monoflagellate

65
Q

Under Flagellated sperm,

_______: toad and fish

A

Biflagellate

66
Q

Type of sperm

________: Ascaris, crab

A

Non-flagellated

DevBio Lab (4 decks)

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