speech and language disorder

Question 1

aphasia symptoms - expression

Answer 1

Having difficulty finding words (i.e., anomia)
* Speaking haltingly or with effort (e.g., non-fluent aphasia)
* Speaking in single words (e.g., names of objects, telegraphic speech)
* Speaking in short, fragmented phrases (e.g., agrammatism)
* Omitting smaller words like the, of, and was (i.e., telegraphic speech
Making grammatical errors (e.g., agrammatism)
* Putting words in the wrong order
* Substituting sounds or words (e.g., paraphasia – semantic word level
paraphasia “table” for bed; phonemic sound level paraphasia
“wishdasher” for dishwasher )
* Making up words (e.g., neologism)
* Fluently stringing together nonsense words and real words, but leaving
out or including an insufficient amount of relevant content (e.g., fluent
aphasia with empty speech, paucity of content (e.g., jargon

Question 2

aphasia

Answer 2

is an acquired communication disorder
caused by brain damage, characterized by an
impairment of language modalities: speaking,
listening, reading and writing; it is not the result of a
sensory deficit, a general intellectual deficit, or a
psychiatric disorder

Aphasia is an acquired impairment of the cognitive
system specialized for comprehending and formulating
language, leaving other systems relatively intact

Question 3

aphasia symptoms comprehension

Answer 3

Having difficulty understanding
spoken utterances
* Requiring extra time to
understand spoken messages
* Providing unreliable answers to
“yes/no” questions
* Failing to understand complex
grammar (e.g., “The dog was
chased by the cat.”’

Finding it very hard to follow fast
speech (e.g., radio or television
news)
* Misinterpreting subtleties of
language (e.g., taking the literal
meaning of figurative speech such
as “It’s raining cats and dogs.”)
* Lacking awareness of errors (e.g.,
anosognosia)

Question 4

non fluent aphasia

Answer 4

speech is halting and effortful, grammer is impaired, content words may be preserved

Question 5

fluent aphasia

Answer 5

person is able to produce connected speech
sentence structure is relatively intact but lacks meaning

Question 6

brocas aphasia

Answer 6

repetition of words/phases poor

language comprehension relatively intact

Question 7

transcortical motor aphasia

Answer 7

strong repetition skills; may have difficulty spontaneously answering questions

Question 8

global aphasia

Answer 8

severe expressive and receptive language impairments; may be able to communicate using facial expression, intonation, and gestures

Question 9

conduction aphasia

Answer 9

word finding difficulty; difficulty repeating phrases

Question 10

anomic aphasia

Answer 10

repetition of words/phrases good; word finding difficulty; uses genereic fillers “thing” or circumlocution

Question 11

wenickes aphasia

Answer 11

repetition of words/phases poor
language comprehension impaired

Question 12

transcortical sensory aphasia

Answer 12

rep of words/phrases good; may repeat qestions rather than answering them (echolalia)