Speech Act

Question 1

an utterance that serves a function in communication. We perform this when we offer an apology, greeting, request, complaint, invitation, compliment, or refusal. It might contain just one word, as in “Sorry!” to perform an apology, or several words or sentences: “I’m sorry I forgot your birthday. I just let it slip my mind.” It includes real-life interactions and requires not only knowledge of the language but also an appropriate use of that language within a given culture.

• Communication in its wider sense
• When words are actions
• Words have power, it can lead someone to do something
• Regards language as a sort of action instead of as a medium for conveying and expressing idea

Answer 1

Speech Act

Question 2

Who proposed the speech act?

Answer 2

John Langshaw Austin in his book “How to Do Things with Words” (1962)

and it was further developed by John Roger Searle

Question 3

Kinds of Utterances

Answer 3

Constative and Performative

Question 4

statements or utterances that describe or depict facts or states of affairs and so may be either true or false. In other words, they are utterances or prejudices in that they are used to describe or state something, and which thus are true or false.
- Stating something
- Conveys a message
- What is

Answer 4

Constative Utterances

Question 5

sentences which not only describe a given reality but also change the social reality they are describing.
- Inspires other to do something
- Does something
- Performing a baptism
- Authority

Answer 5

Performative Utterances

Question 6

Classification of Speech Acts

Answer 6

Locution, Illocution, Perlocution

Question 7

Classification of Speech Act

• the semantic or literal significance of the utterance
• the act of producing a meaningful utterance
• More on constatiive
• What is said or the actual words
• asking/answering
• Announcing a verdict
• Give info/criticism
• identifying/describing
• based on situation

Answer 7

Locution

Question 8

Types of Locution

Answer 8

Utterance Act and Propositional Act

Question 9

Type of Locution

• pertains to the word or string words that may not have a particular meaning

Answer 9

Utterance Act

Question 10

Type of Locution

• referring or predicating in an utterance. Does not have to be complete sentence, nor does it have to intend anything

Answer 10

Propositional Act

Question 11

Classification of Speech Act

• the intention of the speaker
• social function
• The meaning one wishes to communicate or convey
• The act that a speaker performs in saying the utterance
• Pertains to “what is done in uttering the words”

Answer 11

Illocution

Question 12

Types of Illocution (by Searle)

Answer 12

expressives, declaration, assertive, directive, commissive

Question 13

Type of Illocution

• express a speaker’s emotions and attitudes
• thanking, apologizing, welcoming, etc

Answer 13

expressives

Question 14

Type of Illocution

• bring about a change in the situation, appointing, baptizing, declaring, firing, nominating

Answer 14

declaration

Question 15

Type of illocution

• speaker expresses belief about the truth of a proposition
  -convey info regarding something, concluding,etc
• suggesting, putting forward, swearing, boasting

Answer 15

Assertives

Question 16

Type of illocution

• the speaker tries to make the addressee perform an action
• commanding, daring, challenging

Answer 16

Directives

Question 17

Type of illocution

• commits the speaker to doing something in the future
• promising, vowing, planning, betting

Answer 17

Commissives

Question 18

Classification of Speech Act

• how it was received by the listener.
• effect, intentional or unintentional

Answer 18

Perlocution

Question 19

Types of Speeches According to purpose

Answer 19

to inform, persuade, instruct, entertain

Question 20

Types of Speech according to purpose

provides the audience with a clear understanding of the concept presented.

Answer 20

informative speech

Question 21

Types of Speech according to purpose

provides amusement to the audience.

Answer 21

entertainment speech

Question 22

Types of Speech according to purpose

provides the audience with favorable or acceptable ideas that can influence their own ideas and decisions.

Answer 22

persuasive speech

Question 23

Types of Speech according to purpose

a form of informative speech where the speaker’s primary purpose is to teach the audience how to complete a task (or process), and this is largely accomplished by demonstrating the task (or process) through a series of steps.

Answer 23

instructional speech

Question 24

Types of Speeches according to delivery

Answer 24

• impromptu, extemporaneous, manuscript, memorized

Question 25

Types of Speeches according to delivery

when the speaker writes down every word they will speak during the speech. When they deliver the speech, they have each word planned and in front of them on the page, much like a newscaster who reads from a teleprompter.

Answer 25

manuscript

Question 26

Types of Speeches according to delivery

fully prepared in advance and one in which the speaker does not use any notes. In the case of an occasion speech like a quick toast, a brief dedication, or a short eulogy, word-for-word memorization might make sense.

Answer 26

memorized

Question 27

Types of Speeches according to delivery

one for which there is little to no preparation. There is often no warning even that the person may be asked to speak. For example, your speech teacher may ask you to deliver a speech on your worst pet peeve. You may or may not be given a few minutes to organize your thoughts.

Answer 27

impromptu

Question 28

Types of Speeches according to delivery

speakers prepare some notes in advance that help trigger their memory of what they planned to say.

Answer 28

extemporaneous