Speech A&P Unit 3: Phonation Flashcards
This muscle originates in the inner surface of the mandible, courses in a fanlike direction, and inserts in the hyoid bone. It serves to elevate the hyoid and depress the mandible.
mylohyoid
This muscle originates in the styloid process of the temporal bone, and courses medially downward to insert in the hyoid bone. It serves to elevate and retract the hyoid bone.
stylohyoid
This muscle originates in the sternum and clavicle, courses superiorly, and inserts in the inferior margin of the hyoid bone. It serves to depress the hyoid bone.
sternohyoid
This muscle originates in the thyroid cartilage, and courses upward to insert in the greater cornu of the hyoid bone. It serves to depress the hyoid or elevate the thyroid.
thyrohyoid
This muscle originates in the superior-lateral surface of the cricoid, courses up and back to insert in the muscular process of the arytenoid, and serves to adduct the vocal folds.
lateral cricoarytenoid
This muscle originates in the lateral margin of the posterior arytenoid, and courses laterally to insert in the lateral margin of the posterior surface of the opposite arytenoid. It serves to adduct the vocal folds by moving the arytenoids medially.
transverse arytenoid
This muscle originates in the base of the muscular processes, courses obliquely up, and inserts in the apex of the opposite arytenoid. It serves to pull the apex medially.
oblique arytenoid
This muscle originates in the posterior cricoid lamina, courses up and out, and inserts in the posterior aspect of the muscular process of the arytenoid cartilage. It serves to abduct the folds.
posterior cricoarytenoid
Process of drawing the vocal folds together
adduction
The _____ is the cavity of the larynx immediately superior to the ventricular folds.
vestibule
The _______ cartilage is a complete ring resting atop the trachea.
cricoid
According to the Bernoulli principle, air pressure at a constriction within flowing air will _________ (increase/decrease).
decrease
When the _____ & ______ muscles are contracted the arytenoid cartilages are pulled medially.
transverse arytenoid, oblique arytenoid
The thyrovocalis muscle attaches to the ________ process of the arytenoid cartilage.
vocal
Implications of laryngectomy include:
Loss of voicing source for speech
Difficulty Coughing
Inability to hold breathe/fixate thorax
Diminished humidity /filtering pollutants of air inhaled.
The vocal register used during everyday conversation is called
modal register
In this type of phonation the vocal folds become thin and tend to vibrate along the tensed margin, which is often shortened by damping the anterior segment.
falsetto
The following muscle abducts the vocal folds (sole VF abductor)
posterior cricoarytenoid
T/F: As the mass per unit length of the vocal folds decreases, the natural fundamental frequency of vibration will increase.
true
T/F:Falsetto utilizes the same vibratory pattern as model phonation, with the exception that the vocal folds are vibrating at a much higher frequency.
False;in falsetto, the vocal folds become thin and tend to vibrate along the tensed, bowed, margin. The folds make contact only briefly, amplitude of excursion is reduced.
What structural differences account for the difference in fundamental frequency of men versus women?
During puberty males undergo a significant growth of muscle and cartilage, resulting in greater muscle mass and more prominent Adams apple which lengthens the interior dimension of the thyroid cartilage.
Why are clients on voice rest told not to whisper?
In audible whisper speech, speech is produced without vocal fold vibration by causing air to pass along the edges of the tensed vocal folds, thus producing a friction sound source.
