Speech A&P Unit 1: Introduction Flashcards
What is the difference between Anatomy and Physiology?
Anatomy= structure Physiology= function
The relatively immobile point of a muscle
origin
The relatively mobile point of a muscle
insertion
Type of tissue that forms a protective surface; makes up skin and mucus membranes
epithelial
Type of connective tissue known for its strength and elasticity
cartilage
Type of tissue that transmits information from the brain to the periphery and back
neural/nervous
Movement toward the midline; coming together
adduction
Movement away from the midline; moving apart
abduction
This muscle originates at the sternum and clavicle, courses superiorly, and inserts in the hyoid bone
sternohyoid
This muscle originates at the hyoid bone and courses upward to insert in the tongue (glossus)
hyoglossus
The hyoglossus contracts in the direction of the site of origin. What is its most likely function?
to pull the sides of the tongue down
A muscle contracts in the direction of the site of origin. What is the most likely function of the Sternohyoid?
to pull the hyoid bone down
The most important features of cartilage
strength and elasticity
System responsible for production of voiced sound
phonatory
System that amplifies sound produced by vocal folds
resonance
System that powers voiced sound production
respiratory
System that shapes sound into speech
articulatory
System that transmits information between brain and peripheral structures
nervous
System that receives and processes sound
auditory
Portion of the skull housing the brain
cranium
Chest region between diaphragm and 7th cervical vertebra
thorax
Relatively unprotected region of the trunk below the diaphragm
abdomen
Part of the body from thighs to feet
lower extremities
Part of the body from shoulder to fingertips
upper extremities
Area of the body containing the hips; supports the lower extremities
pelvic region
Type of tissue that connects structures within the body
connective
Type of tissue that contracts to move structures
muscular
Type of muscular tissue used to move skeletal structures; has a striped appearance under microscope
striated muscle
Type of muscular tissue found in digestive tract and blood vessels; has a sheet-like appearance
smooth muscle
Give three examples of how use of a structure can affect its form
- development of calluses from playing a musical instrument or using a specific tool.
- development of increased muscular strength on one side of the body by repeated activity, such as scooping ice cream.
- development of vocal nodules caused by screaming and other types of vocal misuse and abuse.
Orientation: above
superior
Orientation: below
inferior
Orientation: in front of
anterior
Orientation: behind
posterior
Orientation: on top
dorsal
Orientation: on bottom
ventral
Orientation: near the midline
medial
Orientation: away from the midline
distal
Orientation: turned upward
supine
Orientation: turned downward
prone
Plane that divides the body into right and left
sagittal
Plane that divides the body into front and back
coronal
Plane that divides the body into top and bottom
transverse