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Modalities > specific modalities during different phases of healing > Flashcards

specific modalities during different phases of healing Flashcards

1
Q

cryotherapy function during inflammatory phase

A

reduce pain, may help decrease swelling

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2
Q

compression function during inflammatory phase

A

decrease swelling

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3
Q

electrical stimulation function during inflammatory phase

A

reduce pain

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4
Q

in the inflammatory phase should you use ice or heat

A

ice

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5
Q

in the fibroblastic phase, is it okay to use heat?

A

yes, can provide pain relief

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6
Q

what kind of compression should you use in fibroblastic repair phase? what does it do?

A

intermittent
facilitate removal of injury by-products

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7
Q

function of e-stim during fibroblastic repair phase

A

assist eliciting muscle contraction
pain modulation

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8
Q

are deep or superficial heating modalities more effective

A

deep

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9
Q

conduction

A

heat transfer from warmer object to cooler object through direct molecular interaction of objects in physical contact

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10
Q

examples of conduction

A

hot pack, cold pack, paraffin, ice massage, cryo cuff

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11
Q

convection

A

energy transfer by movement of air/fluid from a warmer area to a cooler area or moving past a body part

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12
Q

examples of convection

A

hot/cold whirlpool, fluidotherapy

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13
Q

how does vapocoolant spray work?

A

cools the skin by evaporation
*only causes changes in skin temperature

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14
Q

conversion

A

heating that occurs when nonthermal energy is absorbed into tissue and transformed into heat

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15
Q

does conversion require direct contact?

A

no, but it does require a medium

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16
Q

examples of conversion

A

ultrasound, diathermy

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17
Q

radiation

A

transfer of heat from warmer object to a cooler object through the transmission of electromagnetic energy without heating an intervening medium

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18
Q

cryokinetics

A

application of cold modalities in conjunction with exercise

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19
Q

cryostretch

A

application of cold modalities in conjunction with stretching

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20
Q

large surface area cold application decreases… (4)

A

metabolic rate, pulse rate, respiratory rate, and venous BP

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21
Q

large surface area cold application increases… (5)

A

blood flow to internal organs, cardiac output, stroke volume, arterial BP, shivering

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22
Q

local cold application decreases… (6)

A

blood flow
muscle strength
spasticity
muscle spasm
capillary permeability
elasticity

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23
Q

local cold application increases… (4)

A

muscle strength
blood viscosity
pain threshold
joint stiffness

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24
Q

what body tissue exhibits temperature change the fastest with cold/hot application? slowest?

A

skin is fastest
muscle/joints is slowest

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25
Q

cold urticaria

A

erythema of the skin with wheal formation associated with severe itching due to histamine reaction

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26
Q

rayneauds

A
  • exaggerated vasoconstriction in response to cold or emotional stress
  • hyperactivation of synthetic NS
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27
Q

what are some adverse effects of cryotherapy? (4)

A

unwanted vasodilation, nerve damage, frost bite, tissue death

28
Q

what are some precautions for cryotherapy? (5)

A

hypertension
impaired temp sensation
open wounds
over superficial nerves
very old/young

29
Q

what are some contraindications for cryotherapy? (6)

A

cold hypersensitivity
cold intolerance
cryoglobulinemia
over PVD
impaired temp sensation
raynaud’s

30
Q

what are some factors that influence response to cold therapy?

A
  • temp difference between cold object and soft tissue
  • exposure time
  • thermal conductivity of area being cooled
  • type of cooling agent
  • total surface area
31
Q

cold packs description

A

casing filled with silica gel

32
Q

what temp are cold packs maintained at?

A

0-10 degrees F

33
Q

treatment time for cold packs

A

10-20 minutes

34
Q

ice pack description

A

crushed ice folded in damp towel or plastic bag with towel

35
Q

ice pack treatment time

A

10-20 minutes

36
Q

ice towels description

A

towels soaked in ice slush

37
Q

ice towels treatment time

A

10-15 minutes (but towels have to be replaced when they warm up… every 45-60 seconds)

38
Q

ice massage description

A

ice cylinder is formed by freezing water in paper cup. it is then used to massage a small area

39
Q

ice massage stages

A

cold, burning, aching, numbness

40
Q

ice massage treatment

A

5-10 minutes

41
Q

T or F: cryotherapy units can be manual or electronic

A

T

42
Q

cryotherapy temperature

A

10-25 degrees C

43
Q

T or F: cryotherapy units can be used safely for longer durations

A

T

44
Q

primary uses of vapocoolant spray

A

reduce muscle spasm, desensitize trigger points
* application is followed by stretching or massage

45
Q

ice bath temp for adequate tissue cooling

A

13-18 degrees C

46
Q

what is a disadvantage of ice baths?

A

limb is in a dependent position

47
Q

general heat application increases…

A

cardiac output
metabolic rate
pulse rate
respiratory rate
vasodilation

48
Q

general heat application decreases…

A

BP
muscle activity
blood to internal organs
blood to resting muscles
stroke volume

49
Q

small surface area heat application increase…

A

Blood flow
capillary permeability
elasticity
metabolism
vasodilation
edema

50
Q

small surface area heat application decreases…

A

joint stiffness
muscle strength
muscle spasm
pain

51
Q

superficial thermotherapy can prepare patients for… (3)

A

e-stim
massage
passive/active exercise

52
Q

precautions for superficial thermotherapy (6)

A

cardiac insifficency
edema
impaired circulation
impaired thermal regulation
metal in treatment site
open wounds

53
Q

contraindications for use of superficial thermotherapy

A

decreased circulation or sensation
DVT
impaired cognition
tumors
very young/old pts
inflammation

54
Q

hot pack treatment time

A

20-30 minutes

55
Q

hot pack temperature

A

165-170 degrees F

56
Q

for irregularly shaped areas such as the hand what heating agent may be a good option?

A

paraffin bath

57
Q

contraindications for paraffin

A

allergic rash
open wounds
recent scars/sutures
skin infection

58
Q

muscle is a good ____ of heat while adipose acts as an ______

A

conductor
insulator

59
Q

viscosity

A

a liquid’s resistance to flowing

60
Q

increasing heat ____ viscosity

A

decreases

61
Q

cohesion

A

tendency of water molecules to adhere to one another

62
Q

buoyancy

A

upward force of water on an immersed body or body part which is equal to the weight of the water that it displaces

63
Q

hydrostatic pressure

A

circumferential water pressure exerted on an immersed body part

64
Q

water density is proportional to _____.

A

depth
the deeper you go, the more dense the water

65
Q

contrast bath

A

alternating immersion in hot and cold water
*effectiveness is under scrutiny

66
Q

for contrast bath, you do warm for ____ minutes and cold for ____ minute for a total treatment time of _______

A

4
1
20-30

67
Q

what should you document with regards to modalities?

A
  • patient position
  • vital signs (if necessary)
  • modality
  • condition, duration, location
  • patient response
  • changes in pt condition
  • other treatments performed with modality

Modalities (7 decks)

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