Specific Glands Flashcards
Where is the pituitary gland located?
What type of gland is it?
Base of the brain
Endocrine
Where is the thyroid gland located?
What type of gland is it?
Anterior to the trachea
Endocrine
Where is the parathyroid gland located?
What type of gland is it?
Dorsal surface of the thyroid gland
Endocrine
Where are the adrenal glands located?
What type of gland is it?
Top of each kidney
Endocrine
Where is the pancreas located?
What type of gland is it?
Behind the stomach
Endocrine and exocrine
What type of gland is a pancreas?
Endocrine and exocrine
What do the pituitary gland secrete?
TSH - thyroid stimulating hormone
ACTH
FSH
LH
GH - growth hormone
MSH
ADH
Oxytocin
What does the thyroid gland secrete?
Thyroxine
Triodothyronine
What does the parathyroid gland secrete?
Parathormone - PTH
What does the adrenal gland secrete?
Corticosteroids
Androgen
Estrogen
Progestin
What does the pancreas secrete?
Exocrine - digestive enzymes
Endocrine - glucagon and insulin
What is the largest exocrine gland?
What type of blood supply does it have?
The liver
Hepatic
Where do the hepatic artery and vein come together?
Sinusoid tube
What are kupffer cells?
What is their function?
Specialist macrophage
Form party of sinusoidal lining
Trap and phagocytose damaged cells
What are the three key cells in the liver?
Kupffer
Stellate
Hepatocytes
What is the main function of stellate cells?
What can they cause?
What do they have lots of?
Synthesise and deposit collagen within the perisinusoidal space
Liver fibrosis
Cytoplasmic vacuoles, containing vitamin A
What is the most common cell in the liver?
Hepatocytes
What is are some key features of hepatocytes?
Numerous mitochondria
Good at regenerating
Have a lot of peroxisomes (organelles with oxidising agents)
What does the liver store? (3)
Metals
Fat soluble vitamins
Glycogen
What does the liver produce? (2)
Amino acids
Proteins - enzymes, albumin
How is the liver different from the pancreas?
In the liver hepatocytes execute the endocrine and exocrine functions
What does constitutive mean?
Continuously produced in an organism, regardless of the needs of cells
