Species And Taxonomy Flashcards
How can you shoe that 2 organisms belong to the same species
They are able to produce fertile offspring
What is courtship behaviour
It is carried out by organisms to attract a mate of the right species - allows organism to recognise their own species to prevent interbreeding and more successful offspring
This is essential for successful mating and for species recognition
What is the role courtship behaviour in species recognition
- a series of actions which is unique to species- allows species to identify each other and produce fertile offspring
What is the importance of courtship behaviour
Enables to recognise their own species and opposite sex
Produce fertile offspring and healthy mating
Courtship behaviour can be used to classify organisms
What is phylogenetic classification
Attempts to arrange species into groups based on their evolutionary origins and relationships
Classification systems are examples of a hierarchy
What is a hierarchy
Smaller organisms are placed into larger groups with no overlap between groups- each group is called a taxon
What are the groups in a a classification hierarchy called
Taxon- plural taxa
In the classification system name the order of the taxa
Domain - eukarya bacteria archaea
Kingdom. Mostly closely related
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species. Least closely related
Ehat is a species
A similar organism able to produce fertile offspring
Species are universally identified by what system
Binomial naming system
Describe the binomial naming system
The first part of the name is the genus-capital letter
Second part is the species- lowercase
What is the binomial name for humans and what is the genus and species
Homo sapiens
Homo-genus
Sapiens - species
What do advances in immunology, genome sequencing and comparing amino acid sequence help
It helps classify evolutionary relationships between organisms
How can genome sequencing help classify evolutionary relationships
Genome sequencing- entire base sequence of an organisms DNA can be determined
- DNA base sequence of one organism then can be compared to the DNA base sequence of another organism to see how closely related they’re
How can comparing amino acid sequence help classify evolutionary relationships
The sequence of amino acid in a protein is coded by the base sequence of DNA
Related organisms have similar DNA sequences and so similar amino acid sequences so more closely related
