Speciation Flashcards
What is speciation?
the formation of new species
it also leads to macro evolution
How does speciation occur?
when a group of species separates from other members of its species and develops its own unique characteristics
What are the 5 types of speciation
allopatric Peripatric Parapatric Sympatric artifical
What are the factors that result in speciation
Hybridisation Natural selection Genetic drift Mutation Reproductive isolation Geograpghical isolation Polyplipody
What is allopatric speciation?
When the species is split into 2 larger groups
- No breeding between 2 groups
- The species become so different they only breed with people in that area
in allopatric speciation what cause the two groups to split
There is psychial barrier such as mountains, rivers or valleys
What is peripatric speication
Smaller groups of individuals break off from main groups and form their own species due to psychial barriers
What is paraptric speciation
Species is spread out over a large geographical area however their is no physical barrier sepreating the species
- Potentially more variation`
- Can happen to plants and animals
What is sympatric speciation?
formation of two species from one original species due to reproductive isolation whilst occupying the same geographical location
what is adapative radiation?
one species evolve rapidly to form a number of different species that all fill different ecological niches
what are examples of prezygotic barriers?
Habitat isolation Temporal Isolation Behavioural Isolation Mechanical Isolation Gamrtic Isolation
What is habitat isolation?
Species in different dont encounter one another
What is temporal isolation?
Species breed during different times of the day or season
What is behavioural isolation?
Courtship rituals are highly specifc to one species
What is mechanical isolation?
Morpholgoical differences prevent sucessful mating
