Specialized Animal, Plant, and Bacterial Cells Flashcards
Muscle Cell
multipotent, 3 classifications (CSS)
Cardiac
Heart
Skeletal
Movement
Smooth
Digestion or Peristalsis
Blood Cell
have 3 classifications (RWP)
Red blood cell or Erythrocyte
Nutrients
White blood cell or Leukocytes
Antibodies
Platelets or Thrombocytes
Coagulation
Hematopoiesis
blood cell production
Nerve Cell
have 3 classifications (BPM)
Bipolar
peripheral, send to brain
Pseudo-unipolar
sensory, empirical observation
Multipolar
Motor neurons, locomotion and responses
Animal Cells
lack cell wall, irregular-shaped cells, surrounded by plasma membrane
Guard Cell
opening and closing (stomata), w/ regards to sunlight
Pollen
agent for reproduction (angios perm - flowering plant)
Xylem
passageway of water
Plant Cell
has a cellulose cell wall, have chloroplast, box-like or rectangular shape
Binary fission
division of bacteria
Phagocytosis
cell-engulfing
Capsule
cover for protection, 3 types
Capsid
contains genetic material
2nd type
Slime Layer
Biofilm
combined with slime layer
Pili
hair-like on bacteria, 2 types
Fimbriae
attached to environment
Sex Pilus
for reproduction
Pseudopods
temporary fake-arms
Pseudopodia
feeding and moving
Cytoplasmic Extension
extension of fake-arms
Gram-negative
two membrane (outer and inner)
Gram-positive
one membrane
Flagella
flagellum if singular, strand at poles
Polar monotrichous
single flagellum
Lopotrichous
full of flagella at 1 pole
Amphitrichous
flagellum at both poles
Peritrichous
full of flagella all over
Amphilophotrichous
full of flagella at 2 poles
Mastigonemes
hair-attached to flagellum, 4 types
Stichonematic
one area (L or R)
Pantonematic
both areas (L and R)
Acronematic
thick and two
Simple Flagellum
normal and no mastigonemes
Plasmid
found in some bacterial cells
F-plasmid
fecundity, reproduction
R-plasmid
resistance, against antibiotics
Colicines Plasmid
allows bacteria to fight against others, prevent competition
Degenerative Plasmid
degrade/decompose organic compounds (materials)
Virulence Plasmid
allows bacteria to become pathogenic (normal flora - normal bacteria in our body)