Parts of the Cell Flashcards
Plasma Membrane
also called as cell membrane, bilayer phospholipids (2 layers up and down)
Peripheral Protein
surface
Integral Protein
through the protein channels
Glycoprotein
cell recognition
Glycerol Head
hydrophilic
Fatty Acid Tails
hydrophobic
Micelle
many phospholipids
Cell Wall
not present in human and animal cell
Plant CW
cellulose
Bacteria CW
peptidoglycan
Fungi CW
chitin
Cytoplasm
jelly-like substance enclosed by the cell membrane, contains other parts
Nucleus 1
(nuclei - plural) most prominent and largest organelle, activity or information center
Nucleolus
densely-packed chromosomes with nuclear pole
Nucleus 2
part of endomembrane solution - protein synthesis
Centromere
center part of chromatid
Chromatid
the indicator for chromosomes
P-arm
petite arm, short part of chromatid
Q-arm
long part of chromatid
Nucleus 3
contains genetic material and chromatin
Genetic Material
control physical characteristics
Chromatin
form of chromosome when cell is not dividing
DNA GCAT Bases
Guanine, Cytosine, Adenine, Thymine
RNA GCAU Bases
Guanine, Cytosine, Adenine, Uracil
Karyotype
arrangement of chromosomes
Diploid
pairs (2n)
Haploid
one set (n)
Cytoskeleton
made of protein and responsible for organisms movement
Microfilaments
actin and myosin
Intermediate-Filament
acts as an anchor (cell-to-cell or cell-to-membrane)
Microtubules
tubulin
Centrioles
for cell division to happen (visible in animals), attached to mitotic spindle (fiber), mother and daughter
Mitochondrion
(mitochondria - plural) powerhouse organelle that generate and provide energy
Cellular Respiration
in order to create ATP
Endoplasmic System or Reticulum
chain of parts helping each other to perform cell processes, hollow membrane tubules
Synthesis
creating new protein and transport
Rough ER
where ribosomes are, protein synthesis
Smooth ER
attached to end of ER, makes cell products, steroids, regulates calcium (motility), destroys toxic
Endomembrane System
a group of membranes and organelles
Ribosomes
protein synthesis, help amino acids production, attached (bounded) or free
Golgi Bodies
packaging house, flattened sacs, 2 parts (trans or shipping and cis or receiving), contains transport vesicles
Lysosomes
suicidal bags, autolysis and apoptosis (cell death), digestive enzymes
Vacuoles
storage reservoir of energy, cell sap
Chloroplast
photosynthetic organism with stoma (jelly-like substance), thylakoids to granum to grana
Perixosome
membrane that converts hydrogen peroxide to water