Specialised cells Flashcards
Specialised animal cells
- Ciliated cells
- Fat cells
- Red blood cells
Specialised plant cells
- Xylem cells
- Meristem cells
- Palisade cells
- Root hair cells
What is the word used to describe the transformation of specialised cells?
Differentiation
What do plant cells have that animal cells don’t?
Cells wall
Vacuole
Chloroplasts
Facts about ciliated cells
They are found in the trachea and lungs
The cilia move dirt, dust and mucus
Facts about fat cells
Cytoplasm of fat cells are filled with large fat droplets
The fat is stored until the body needs energy
Facts about red blood cells
- They carry oxygen around the body
- Has a large surface area for oxygen to pass through
- No nucleus so there is more room for haemoglobin molecules
Facts about xylem cells
- Xylem vessels consist of dead cells
- They have a thick strengthened cell wall with a hollow wall
- Involved in the movement of water through a plant
Facts about palisade cells
- Found in the top of a leaf
- Tall and has a large surface area to catch as much sunlight as possible
- Packed with chloroplasts to absorb sunlight
- To carry out photosynthesis
Facts about root hair cells
- Large surface area to absorb lots of water
- Thin cell wall to allow water to pass through easily
- Doesn’t contain chloroplasts
- Absorbs minerals and water from soil
What is a stem cell?
A cell that hasn’t differentiated yet
What’s the difference between adult stem cells and embryonic stem cells?
Embryonic stem cells can differentiate into any type of cell but adult stem cell can only differentiate into a few different types
