Specialised Cells Flashcards
1
Q
What are the three features of a palisade cell?
A
- packed with chloroplasts for photosynthesis (mainly on the top so they are nearer the light)
- tall shape meaning a large surface area to absorb large amounts of carbon dioxide
- thin shape means lots of cells can be packed into top of the leaf where most of photosynthesis occurs
2
Q
What are guard cells adapted for?
A
Opening and closing pores
3
Q
What are the 5 features of a guard cell?
A
- kidney shape which opens and closes the stomata (pores)
- can fill with lots of water which opens the stomata allowing gas exchange for photosynthesis
- can release water causing the stomata to close which stops water vapour from escaping
- sensitive to light causing them to close at night to save water
- ## thin outer walls and thick inner walls allow stomata to open and close
4
Q
What are red blood cells adapted for?
A
To carry oxygen around the body
5
Q
What are the features of a red blood cell?
A
- concave shapes gives large surface area to absorb oxygen
- packed with haemoglobin, the pigment which absorbs oxygen
- they have no nucleus meaning fire us more room for haemoglobin
6
Q
What are the sperm and egg cells adapted for?
A
Reproduction
7
Q
What are the main in functions of an egg cell?
A
- to carry the female DNA
- to nourish the developing embryo
8
Q
What are the main functions of the sperm cell?
A
- to carry the male DNA
9
Q
How is the egg cell adapted to suit it’s purpose?
A
- contains huge food reserves to feed the embryo
- the membrane can change instantly once one sperm cell has got in to stop any more sperm getting in
10
Q
How is the sperm cell adapted to its purpose?
A
- long tail and streamlined head to help it swim to the egg
- lots of mitochondria to provide the energy to reach the egg
- enzymes in the head to digest through the eggs cell membrane
11
Q
What are palisade cells adapted for?
A
Photosynthesis
