Specialised cells Flashcards
What are the 6 specialised cells?
sperm cell
nerve cell
muscle
root hair cell
xylem cell
phloem
How is a sperm cell specialised?
tail to swim
head of sperm contains genetic material for fertilisation
acrosome in head contains enzymes do that the sperm can penetrate the egg
packed with mitochondria to release energy needed to swim
How is a nerve cell specialised?
extended so that nerves can run to and from different parts of the body to the central nervous system
cell has extensions and branches so that it can communicate with other nerve cells, muscles and glands
How is muscle specialised?
cells contain filaments of protein that slide over eachother to cause muscle contractions
contain many mitochondria to provide energy for muscle contraction
How is a root hair cell specialised?
large surface area to provide contact with soil water
has thin walls to not restrict the movement of water
How is a xylem cell specialised?
no top and bottom walls so there is a continuous column of water running through then
walls become thickend and woody so support the plant
How is phloem specialised?
dissolved sugars and amino acids can be transported both up and down the stem
companion cells provide energy required to transport substances in the phloem
