Special Senses

Question 1

What system is the special senses related with?

Answer 1

Peripheral nervous system (PNS)

Question 2

What are the five special senses?

Answer 2

Vision, hearing, equilibrium (balance), taste, smell

Question 3

What structure connects the middle ear to the upper throat?

Answer 3

Eustachian tube

Question 4

What structure detects angular acceleration of the head?

Answer 4

Semicircle canals

Question 5

What structure detects dissolved chemicals in food or drink?

Answer 5

Gustatory receptors

Question 6

What structure is sensitive to blue and green colours?

Answer 6

Rods

Question 7

What is the fluid in front of the lens called?

Answer 7

Aqueous humor

Question 8

Where are the smell receptors located?

Answer 8

Olfactory epithelium

Question 9

What structure receives sound?

Answer 9

Oracle

Question 10

How are the special senses different from the somatic senses?

Answer 10

They respond to particular types of external stimuli

Question 11

Which part of the eye is responsible for allowing light to enter?

Answer 11

Cornea

Question 12

Which part of the eye is coloured and controls the diameter of the pupil?

Answer 12

Iris

Question 13

Which part of the eye refracts light to focus it on the retina?

Answer 13

Lens

Question 14

Which part of the eye holds the lens in place?

Answer 14

Ciliary body

Question 15

Which part of the eye has photoreceptors?

Answer 15

Retina

Question 16

What is the spot on the retina called?

Answer 16

Fovea

Question 17

What is the fluid behind the lens?

Answer 17

Vitreous humor

Question 18

What is the area where the axons leave the eye?

Answer 18

Optic disc

Question 19

What is the structure containing all the axons that transmit information to the brain?

Answer 19

Optic nerve

Question 20

What stimulates the photoreceptors “cones” in the eye?

Answer 20

Bright light

Question 21

Why do blue and green colours appear brighter at dusk or night?

Answer 21

Rods are 1000 times more sensitive to light than cones

Question 22

What is the optic chiasm?

Answer 22

Where the optic nerve from each eye merges

Question 23

Where do the neurons go after they pass the optic chiasm?

Answer 23

Primary visual cortex

Question 24

If an image is processed in the right occipital lobe, which visual field is it receiving information from?

Answer 24

Both right and left eye about the left side of the visual field

Question 25

What are the parts of the outer ear?

Answer 25

Auricle (pinna) and external auditory canal

Question 26

What are the parts of the middle ear?

Answer 26

Eardrum (tympanic membrane), ossicle chain (made up of malleus, incus and stapes), and the eustachian tube

Question 27

What are the parts of the inner ear?

Answer 27

Cochlea, vestibular apparatus

Question 28

What is the term used to describe pressure changes in the air?

Answer 28

Sound

Question 29

What causes low-pitch sound?

Answer 29

Slow pressure changes to air molecules

Question 30

What do sound waves stimulate in order to cause action potentials in the cochlea?

Answer 30

Hair cells

Question 31

What structure is responsible for equilibrium in the ear?

Answer 31

Vestibular apparatus

Question 32

What do the otolith organs do?

Answer 32

Detect changes in linear acceleration

Question 33

What are the five basic taste sensations that taste buds respond to?

Answer 33

Sweet, sour, bitter, salty, umami

Question 34

Taste is integrated with what other body functions?

Answer 34

Smell

Question 35

Where are the smell receptors located?

Answer 35

Olfactory epithelium

Question 36

True/false: humans have many different olfactory receptors?

Answer 36

True - about 450 different receptors