Lower Limb

Question 1

What muscles are the plantar flexors of the ankle?

Answer 1

Gastrocnemius and soleus

Question 2

How many axes (planes) can the knee move?

Answer 2

Two - rotation in transverse plane, flexion/extension in sagittal plane

Question 3

Where is the patella in relation to the femur?

Answer 3

Anterior

Question 4

What type of joint is the knee joint?

Answer 4

Synovial, biaxial, condylar joint. Acts like a hinge. (Allows for some rotation when flexed)

Question 5

What are the bony features of the tibia?

Answer 5

Lateral condyle, medial condyle, tibial tubercle, medial malleolus, lateral malleolus

Question 6

What connects the tibia and fibula?

Answer 6

Interosseous membrane

Question 7

What is the interosseous membrane and its function?

Answer 7

Fibrous tissue between radius and ulna

Question 8

What bones make up the ankle joint?

Answer 8

Tibia, fibula, talus

Question 9

What is the purpose of the ACL and PCL?

Answer 9

The anterior and posterior cruciate ligaments purpose is to resist anterior and posterior displacement of the tibia on the femur

Question 10

What movements occur at the ankle joint?

Answer 10

Dorsi-flexion and plantar-flexion

Question 11

The pelvis is formed by the fusion of what three bones?

Answer 11

Ischium, ilium, pubis

Question 12

Name three movements the knee can perform?

Answer 12

Flexion, extension, slight rotation

Question 13

What is the function of the quadriceps?

Answer 13

Flexion

Question 14

What are the 4 muscles of the quadriceps?

Answer 14

Rectus femoris, vastus medialis, vastus intermedius, vastus lateralis

Question 15

What structure keeps the patella in place?

Answer 15

The patellofemoral tendon

Question 16

Name a muscle responsible for knee flexion?

Answer 16

Biceps femoris, semimembranosus, semitendinosus

Question 17

Which intracapsular ligament prevents anterior displacement of the tibia?

Answer 17

ACL - anterior cruciate ligament

Question 18

What type of joint is the ankle joint?

Answer 18

Hinge

Question 19

What movement occurs when the sole (bottom) of the foot is facing medially?

Answer 19

Inversion

Question 20

Which bones contribute to pronation/supination if the foot?

Answer 20

Tarsals

Question 21

What two bones articulate at the knee joint?

Answer 21

Distal femur and proximal tibia

Question 22

Name a muscle responsible for dorsiflexion of the foot?

Answer 22

Tibialis anterior, extensor hallucis, extensor digitorum longus