Special - Pathogenesis Flashcards
1
Q
248
Post Traumatic Focal Inflammatory Reaction of Myocardium
Pathogenesis
A
- Neutrophils are present for foreign body phagocytosis
- Continuation of repair process, granulation tissue forms with macrophages and lymphocytes
- Fibrocytes are also seen (spindle shaped cells) in the same direcion as the normal myocytes (more mature scar tissue)
2
Q
261
Vasculitis Chronica
Pathogenesis
A
- During uraemia there is deposititon of calcia salts occurs
- Chronic inflammatory processes in the arteries tunica mediae
3
Q
262
Mediocalcinosis (van Kossa)
Pathogenesis
A
- During uraemia there is deposititon of calcia salts occurs
- Chronic inflammatory processes in the arteries tunica mediae
4
Q
6
Emphysema Alveolare Chronicum
Pathogenesis
A
- Most important is the loss of bronchus wall elasticity causing poorer expirium than inspiriu
- Air accumulates in the lungs (long inhales and short fast exhales) leading to distention of alveoli and lung inflation ending in rupture
5
Q
200
Endobronchiolotis Obliterans et peribronchitis nodosa
Pathogenesis
A
- Obstructive atelectasis areas of round-irregular shape occur and bronchioles become obstructed, filling with granulation tissue
- This may proliferate into the alveoli causing carnification of the lung
6
Q
228
Crupous (fibrinous, lobar) Pneumonia and Chronic Interstitial Pneumonia
Pathogenesis
A
- The pink colour inside alveoli is due to fibrin and exudate, walls are slightly thickend
- Darkened margin surrounds the pathology and coagulation necrosis also occurs
- The stages of interstitial pneumonia: congestive stage, red hepatization, and resolution (repair or carnification)
7
Q
270
Epulis Fibromatosa
Pathogenesis
A
- Occur in gingiva near teeth as covered, soft, nodular masses with three potential forms: fibromatous, osseous and acanthomatous.
- Fibromatous and osseous types are benign tumours
- Acanthomatous type infiltrates and destroys periodontal apparatus
8
Q
177
Colitis Fibrinosa (Levaditi)
Pathogenesis
A
- Bacteria colonise large intestine and releases toxins that damage the intestinal lining
- May penetrate deeper into mucous membrane at the base ofcrypts
- Transmission primarily occurs through the fecal-oral route
9
Q
9
Lymphadenitis Acuta Simplex
Pathogenesis
A
- An infection at a nearby site, bacteria or their products drain into regional lymph nodes, triggering an inflammatory response
- Leading to lymph node enlargement, as immune cells are recruited to the site of infection
10
Q
238
Infectious Bursal Disease
Pathogenesis
A
- Virus is shed in feces, it is highly contagious an the results depend on age and breed of the chicken
- Subclinical and clinical infection occur
- Cloacal bursa is swollen, edematous, yellowish/haemorrhagic and muscular haemorrhage in legs is common
11
Q
27
Cholangitis et Pericholangitis Chronica Hyperplastica (Coccidiosis Hepatis Cunuculorum)
Pathogenesis
A
- The coccidea hepatis cuniculorum are intracellular parasites, develop within the cytoplasm of epithelial cells, resultins in death of each cell affected
12
Q
268
Hepatitis Purulenta Acuta
Pathogenesis
A
- Early stadium of purulent inflammation occurs in hepatic parenchyma
- Later stadium form neutrophilic granulocyte accumulations (abscesses)
13
Q
196
Leucosis Lymphadenoidea hepatis
Pathogenesis
A
- Virus infects, leading to proliferatio of B lymphocytes and the development of lymphosarcoma, affecting various organs, like liver
- Tumour tissue arises from portal and bile tracts and gradually invades the center of the lobules and may even substitue them
- After parasitic larvae migration, haemorrhagi tracts may arise in normal liver tissue
14
Q
164
Glomerulonepritis Chronica
Pathogenesis
A
- Kidney fibrosis occurs in the chronic process of periglomerulitis chronica
- End stage healing of damaged tissue leading to glomerulosclerosis
- Neutrophil aggregation occurs as they move by chemotacis to the site of Ag-Ab complex
15
Q
259
Nephrocirrhosis
Pathogenesis
A
- Deposition of calcium salts, primarily calcium oxalate or calcium phosphate, within the renal parenchyma
- Formation of crystals within the renal tubules impairs normal renal function
16
Q
250
Nephrocirrhosis (Van Koss)
Pathogenesis
A
- Deposition of calcium salts, primarily calcium oxalate or calcium phosphate, within the renal parenchyma
- Formation of crystals within the renal tubules impairs normal renal function
17
Q
206
Meningitis Spinalis Purulenta
Pathogenesis
A
- The infectious agents trigger an intense inflamatory response in the meninges, leading to accumulation of pus
- This inflammation can result in spinal cord compression, vascular compromise and neurological symptoms
18
Q
159
Cysticercus ovis (brain)
Pathogenesis
A
- The death of the parasite result from development of an immune response
- The necrotizing larvocst is surrounded by giant cells and is accompanied by necrosis and meningiis with eosinophils, lymphocytes and macrophages
- Anaohylactic reaction may occur as well
19
Q
207
Fibrosarcoma Uteri
Pathogenesis
A
- Cells have different size and shape of nuclei, and general pleomorphism, malignacy is clear
- Pathological mitosis signifies rapid tumour growth and increases metastatic potential
20
Q
242
Hypertrophy of Prostata
Pathogenesis
A
- Division: Acinar with cyst formation due to overproduction of androgens or Fibromuscular due to estrogen overproduction
- Consequences include infections, urinary bladder obstruction, hydronephrosis and constipation
21
Q
163
Dystrophia Musculorum
Pathogenesis
A
- Equine paralytic myoglobinuria = energy production in muscle cells is altered, causing severe myopathy, myoglobinuria (dark) and potentially fatal renal faiilure
- White muscle disease = increased oxidative damage due to a lack of suitable antioxidants (Se and Vit E) against FA oxidation, leading to degenerationof skeletal and cardiac muscle
22
Q
151
Trichinellosis Musculorum
Pathogenesis
A
- Larvae invade the interstital wall, enter the bloodstream and migrate to skeletal muscles, where they encapsulate as cysts and inflammatory response follows
23
Q
109
Myositis Sarcosporidica
Pathogenesis
A
- Ingestion of sporulated oocyst leads to sporozoite and cyst formation, causing an inflammatory response (myositis)
24
Q
273
Mastitis Apostematosa
Pathogenesis
A
- Corpora amylacea is normally present in milk of multiparous cows only, as a result of synthetic and secretory processes
- Has various staining properties
- Bacteria enter mammary glands and multiply an immune respone leads to inflammation
25
Q
240
Tumor mixtus mammae
Pathogenesis
A
- Slow growing tumour that may become malignant
- Characterized by the presence of both epithelial and stromal components
26
Q
258
Dermatitis Eosinophilica
Pathogenesis
A
- Mites burrow into the skin to feed, induce an inflammatory response
- Leading to the formation of crusts and debris within the ear
- Secondary bacterial infections may occur due to the compromised skin integrity
27
Q
237
Fibropapiloma
Pathogenesis
A
- Different type of viruses, various manifestations of papillomas
- Viral transmission occurs through direct contact or contaminates fomites
