General - Description Flashcards
1
Q
285
Dystrophic calcification (Infracus renis anemicus)
Description
A
- Irregular oval focus
- Red-violet stained centre = Calcification (dystrophic calcium salt deposition)
- Focus is limited by granulation tissue (fibrocytes and collagenous fibres)
- At margin lymphocytes and histiocytes infiltration is seen
2
Q
225
Hemosiderosis of spleen (Liesegang)
Description
A
- Liesegang staining is used to prove presence of haemosiderin
- Haemosiderins appear as BLUE stained granules in the red pulp of the spleen (nuclei are stained red)
- Present as lumps in macrophages (siderophages, siderocytes) or encrusted on fibers of the connective tissue
3
Q
33
Necrosis hepatis centrolobularis
Description
A
- All lobules show alteration
- Branching plates are normal only at the periphery of lobules
- Center of lobules is filled with erythrocytes so the necrosis is not seen
- We can seem remenents of the hepatocytes as the undergo necrosis
- Affected zone appears red
4
Q
180
Necrosis hepatis focalis
Description
A
- Eosinophilically stainded focus, without nuclei due to karyolysis, with trabecular structure still present and simple coagulative necrosis
- Inflammatory cells on the edge line the nodule, they undergo necrobiosis. Separate the dead/necrotic tissue from the healthy
- Intact hepatocytes observed on the other side of the line of inflammatory cells
5
Q
187
Infractus renis anemicus
Description
A
- Necrotic tissue stains bright pink, coagulative necrosis, cellular outlines and tissue structure are still present
- Necrotic area is surrounded by inflammatory zone (darker/hyperaemia) with neutrophilic granulocytes and erythrocytes (red line)
6
Q
223
Chronic passive hyperemia of liver
Description
A
- Congestion and dilation of the blood vessels is seen
- Sinusoids of the liver parenchyma are widened and filled with erythrocytes
- Hemosiderin in macrophages can be found if process is chronic
7
Q
25
Pleuritis fibrinosa (repair by organisation)
Description
A
- Pink stained fibrin, locally infiltrated by macrophages, lymphocytes and neutrophils
- Beneath the fibrin is young granulation tissue, it proliferates into fibrin
- Deeper the maturition to fibrous connective tissue can be seen
- The spaces between the capillarie are filled with macrophages, lymphocytes and spindle shaped fibroblasts
8
Q
148
Fibrosis myocardii
Description
A
- Myocardium is locally substituted by mature fibous tissue, bright staining
- In some areas fatty tissue is present
9
Q
255
Bronchopneumonia purulenta
Description
A
- Enlargement of capillaries with blood is seen especially in itraalveolar septa
- Alveoli are filled with extensive infiltrate containing different cells, predominently neutrophils but also has leukocytes, lymphocytes, desquamated pneumocytes and alveolar macrophages
- Usually lies in blank amount of grey pinkish homogenous fluid exudate, neutrophils also fill the bronchial spaces
10
Q
253
Pericarditis fibrinosa
Description
A
- On myocardial surface is thickened layer of oedematous subepicardial tissue and endothelial reminants covered in fibrinous mass mixed with lymphocytes and neutrophils
11
Q
166
Cirrhosis hepatis
Description
A
- Proliferated fibrous tissue
- Infiltrated by chronic inflammatory cells, lymphocytes, plasma cells and macrophages
12
Q
201
Actinomycosis
Description
A
- Actinomycotic nodules are seen at lower magnification, with bacterial colonies in center
- Bacterial colonies consisting of intertwined radiating filaments (rays), capped by eosinofilic hyaline material (clubs) creating a sunburst pattern = Splendor-Hoeppli phenomen surrounded by disintegrated neutrophils (pus)
- Specific granulation tissue is the next layer (epithelioid and multinucleated giant macrophages)
- Non-specific granulation tissue may border the nodules (fibroblasts) forming the next to layers
13
Q
263
Pneumonia TBC miliaris - poultry
Description
A
- Pathological content fills most of the air fistulas
- Formed by round foci with central necrosis (pink), surrounded by specific granulation tissue
- Close to the necrotic centers are macrophages and lymphocytes, numerous to the periphery
- Giant cell may also form in some
14
Q
264
Pneumonia TBC miliaris - poultry with Ziehl-Nielson
Description
A
- Ziehl-Nielson staining is used for special proof of mycobacterium
- Positive acid-fast rods bacilli and their clumps stain red, are localised mainly in necrotic centre
15
Q
219
Adenoma and adenocarcinoma sabaceum
Description
A
- On the left side is Adenoma a benign tumour
- On the right side is Adenocarcinoma a malignant tumour
- In adenoma there are lighter cells more similar in size/shape/acinar structure
- In adenocarcinoma basophilic cells that rarely resemble normal acinar structure and cells, pathogenic mitosis is noted
- The tumour cells are relatively large, light ones with vacuolated foamy cytoplasm, and large light nuclei (some with necrotic changes)
16
Q
235
SCC - Squamous cell carcinoma
Description
A
- Eosinophilic stained formation grow into the dermis with tumour cells spread as slender anastomotic cords, some cells fall off the cord and remain as isolated islands in the dermal stroma
- The tumour cells resemble the normal stratum spinosum epidermis but have vesicular nuclei with one or more prominent nucleoli
- Keratinization within such cords of islands result in laminated keratin “pearls” surrounded by tumour cells
- At the periphery of these islet cells resemble to basal ones following differentiated cells of stratum spinosum and keratinization in the center occurs
17
Q
283
Fibroma molle
Description
A
- Cells with fewer fibrils run aimlessly in all directions and mitosis are seldom.
- Tumour tissue is locally oedematous, permeated (no stained slots among individual cells) or infiltrated by heterophils, lymphocytes and macrophages (body reaction)
