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E-Pathanatomy > Special - Description > Flashcards

Special - Description Flashcards

1
Q

248

Post Traumatic Focal Inflammatory Reaction of Myocardium
Description

A
  • Round hole surrounded expressive reaction tissue, includes neutrophils, macrophages and lymphocytes
  • Process locally intrudes to deeper areas as a result of foreign body
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2
Q

261

Vasculitis Chronica
Description

A
  • Tunica media of aorta has increased in thickness as native fibrous tissue proliferates
  • Seen by increased fibroblasts (producing intercellular collagen fibres), lymphocytes and macrophage infiltration (due to chronic inflammation)
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3
Q

262

Mediocalcinosis (van Kossa)
Description

A
  • The van Kossa staining is used to prove the presence of calcium (calcia salt deposition)
  • Between tunica intima and tunica media among the cells and also in the intercellular mass there are bown diffuse staining as the evidence of calcium salts
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4
Q

6

Emphysema Alveolare Chronicum
Description

A
  • Alveoli are too large and either have wide openings into each other or common space due to rupture
  • Blunt broken ends of walls may persist and thicken, becoing inelastic, but other walls may be streached and thin
  • Blood filled capillaries are scarce
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5
Q

200

Endobronchiolotis Obliterans et peribronchitis nodosa
Description

A
  • Bronchioles with obstructed lumina, filled with fibroelastic granulation tissue, proliferating into the alveoli (endobronchiolitis)
  • Granulation tissue can also be seen on the periphery of the bronchioles (peribrochiolitis)
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6
Q

228

Crupous (fibrinous, lobar) Pneumonia and Chronic Interstitial Pneumonia
Description

A
  • Basophilic margin created by polymorphus leukocytes inside alveoli
  • Beginning stage of grey hepatisation
  • Other alveoli are filled with pinkish mass containing fine fibrinous fibres
  • Dilated lymph vessels and foci of fungal hyphae
  • At one margin there is a cord, created by mature fibrous tissue, the alveolar walls and broncholes are thickened by fibrous hyperplasia due to chronic process (chronic perilobular, intralobular and peribronchial interstitial pneumonia)
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7
Q

270

Epulis Fibromatosa
Description

A
  • Islands of conspicuous proliferated gingival squamous epithelum separated by maturated dense fibrous stroma with blood vessels
  • Dense fibrillar collagen is present with stellate cells and a regular, open vascular pattern
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8
Q

177

Colitis Fibrinosa (Levaditi)
Description

A
  • Staining by Levaditi
  • Masses of fibrin seen on yellow floor base of large intestine
  • Black round curve and distinct undulating sticks (causative agents) often observed in exudate
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9
Q

9

Lymphadenitis Acuta Simplex
Description

A
  • Follicular structure of lymph node is obscured due to follicular hyperplasia and oedema
  • Blood vessels are dilated and filled with blood
  • Subscapular siunuses are also dilated and filled with leukocytes and neutrophils (mainly)
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10
Q

238

Infectious Bursal Disease
Description

A
  • Desquamation of epithelial cells in the folds is seen
  • Extensice hyperaemia and edema of interstitial tissue
  • Liquefactive necrosis, lack of lymphocytes in lymph follicles due to apoptosis is seen
  • Proliferation of stroma and fibrinous exudate leakage from the bursa
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11
Q

27

Cholangitis et Pericholangitis Chronica Hyperplastica (Coccidiosis Hepatis Cunuculorum)
Description

A
  • Irregularly shaped areas bordered by fibrous tissue are seen indicating bile duct wall hyperplasia
  • Epithelium proliferates and forced up into papillary folds, simulating adenomatous hyperplasia
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12
Q

268

Hepatitis Purulenta Acuta
Description

A
  • Cross section of bovine liver with advanced traumatic reticuloperitonitis
  • A conspicuous extravasation and increased infiltration of parenchyma by neutrophils in some lobules between branches of hepatocytes
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13
Q

196

Leucosis Lymphadenoidea hepatis
Description

A
  • One end of the liver there is basophilic stained tumour tissue formed by slightly differentiated lymphocytes
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14
Q

164

Glomerulonepritis Chronica
Description

A
  • Nearly all glomeruli are morphologocally changed
  • Many show thickened Bowman’s capsule, which press on the glomeruli causing atrophy (periglomerulitis chronica)
  • Many vessels of the glomeruli are hyalinized, some are fibrotic (sclerosis)
  • Large number of tubules atrophy and others dilated and become filled with eosinophilic casts
  • The interstitium is dilated and infiltrated by chronic inflammatory cells – lymphocytes, plasma cells, macrophages and neutrophils (rare)
  • Proliferate (dark purple brain), Membranous (pink brain), Membranoproliferative (purple flower smudge) and Glomerulosclerosis (pink smudge circle/ring)
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15
Q

259

Nephrocirrhosis
Description

A
  • In some parts there is differentiated granulation tissue that causes atrophy of the parenchyma
  • Tubular epithelium and glomeruli undergo atrophy and necrosis, interstitium is infiltrated with lymphocytes
  • Lumen of some tubules and glomeruli are filled with hyaline
  • Walls of the vessels show fibrotic thickening
  • Thickening wall of the Bowman’s capsule is seen as a finely basophilic stained amorphous mass
  • Calcium deposition is seen
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16
Q

250

Nephrocirrhosis (Van Koss)
Description

A
  • Staining with van Kossa to prove presence of calcium salts
  • Finely basophilic stained amorphous mass of bowman’s capsule causes thickening, dark brown stain shows positive reaciton for calcium salts
17
Q

206

Meningitis Spinalis Purulenta
Description

A
  • The meningies (dura mater, arachnoidea and pia mater) are dilated and infiltrated by cells, mainly neutrophils
  • White matter of spinal cord is not seriously damaged
  • Dilation of lymp cessels and blood vessels may be seen, filled with edema and inflammatory infiltrate
18
Q

159

Cysticercus ovis (brain)
Description

A
  • At the peripehry of the section under the meninges, ther is a cyst that intrudes into the brain
  • In the center there is necrosis, mostlu infiltrated by eosinophils
  • Surroundings of the necrosis filled with granulation tissue (with giant cells) forming a capsule
19
Q

207

Fibrosarcoma Uteri
Description

A
  • Tumour tissue composed of bundles of fibrous cells in different orientations and directions
  • There is abundant capillary framework in the tissue
  • Cells are slender, prolonged and typical spindled with large oval, bright nuclei
  • Ratio of mitotic figures in the nuclei is high and tissue is poor for collagen fibres
  • At the margin there is an extensive necrosis borderde mainly by neutrophils with nreaking nuclei
20
Q

242

Hypertrophy of Prostata
Description

A
  • Fibroelastic capsule at one margin with smooth muscle cell bundles
  • Fibrotic septae divide the parenchyma into lobules
  • Glandular epithelium is papillomatous proliferated
  • Cysts with fluid arise under the capsule due to enlarged prostatic gland lumens
  • Opposite side there is proliferation of fibromuscular stroma and different large cysts with atrophic epithelium
21
Q

163

Dystrophia Musculorum
Description

A
  • Normal and degenerated myofibres can be seen
  • Sarcoplasm of degenerated fibres is homogenized (hyaline dystrophy) and damaged by large shreds or tiny granules
  • Sarcolemma may also be rupturedin the process of Zenker’s necrosis
  • Surroundings infiltrated by leukocytes and lymphatic capillaries are dilated
22
Q

151

Trichinellosis Musculorum
Description

A
  • Larva located in the tissue section, some are encapsulated and some are not
  • Surroundings show a focal myositis, characterized by the presence of neutrophils, lymphocytes and eosinophils
23
Q

109

Myositis Sarcosporidica
Description

A
  • Skeletal muscle with sarcocysts with sarcosporidia inside
  • Some are stained by eosinophilic colour = dead parasites
  • Some may be calcifided (dark red, violet)
  • These cysts are bordered by inflammatoy cells – inflammatory cells, macrophages, lymphocytes, eosinophils and fibroblasts (rarely) form a capsul
24
Q

273

Mastitis Apostematosa
Description

A
  • Local necrotic reminants of native glandular structure (simple necrosis) remain
  • Bordered by remnants of purulent exudate to the periphery, followed by formation of non-specific granulation tissue in a chronic process
  • Macrophages , lymphocytes and fibroblasts are present
  • Violet stained homogenous mass = corpora amylacea
25
Q

240

Tumor mixtus mammae
Description

A
  • Proliferation by epithelial as well as fibrou tissue
  • Epithelial proliferation preseves normal structure (glandular) with varying size and form of lumina
  • Connective tissue proliferation is mottled with fibroid, myxoid and chondroid structures and mineral precipitatin
26
Q

258

Dermatitis Eosinophilica
Description

A
  • Dermis and excessively hyperemic subcutis on the inner side if the ear are infiltrated by eosinophils
  • Erythrocytes observed free in the tissue (extravasation into the subcutis) and on the skin surface
27
Q

237

Fibropapiloma
Description

A
  • Proliferation of fibrous tissue is as great or greater than epithelial tissue
  • Forms whorls of fibres with plumb, stippled nuclei with few mitotic changes
  • Epithelial rete pegs penetrate deep into the fibrous moiety
  • On epidermis surface there is excessive hyperkeratosis ans parakeratosis
  • epidermal cells below undergo dystrophy. The cytoplasm containing numerous smaller and larger basophilic clumps

E-Pathanatomy (10 decks)

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