Special Needs Flashcards
What is a global developmental delay?
Global developmental delay when 2 or more domains are affected
What tools are used in primary care to assess development?
ASQ (ages and stages questionnaire)
PEDS (Parents evaluation of developmental status)
M-CHAT (Checklist for autism in toddlers)
SOGS-2 (Schedule of Growing Skills)
What should be done in a physical examination to assess development?
Head circumference Dysmorphic features Skin abnormalities Movement quality Ability to sit and stand from supine Eye movements and eye examination General examination: CVS, Respiratory Abdominal examination Observation of behaviour
What are some red flags in development?
Loss of developmental skills Concerns re vision Concerns re hearing Floppiness No speech by 18-24 months Asymmetry of movement Persistent toe walking Head circumference >99.6th C or < 0.4th C Can't sit unsupported by 12 months Can't walk by 18 months (boys) or 2 years (girls): Check creatinine kinase for muscular dystrophy Can't walk other than on tiptoes Can't run by 2.5 years Can't hold objects in hand by 5 months Can't reach for objects by 6 months Can't point to objects to share interest by 2 years
What investigations should be done to assess development?
Based on clinical abnormalities Diagnostic yield of specific tests Timing Genetic testing: chromosomal analysis, Fragile X, FISH, array CGH Creatine kinase Thyroid screening Metabolic testing: amino and organic acids, NH4, Lactate Ophthalmological examination Audiology assessment Consider congenital infection Neuroimaging
What is spasticity?
Spastic-velocity dependant increased tone
Scissoring-legs crossed and stiff when child being held
What is a co-ordinated support plan?
A CSP is a detailed plan of how child’s support will be provided. It is a legal document and aims to ensure all the professionals who are helping the child, work together. It also helps ensure that everyone, including parents and the child, is fully involved in that support.
