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PTRS 746 - Musculoskeletal > "Special" Fractures > Flashcards

"Special" Fractures Flashcards

1
Q

Mallet Finger

A

Disruption of extensor mechanism, often associated with avulsion fracture

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2
Q

Mallet Finger - MOI

A

Forced flexion of extended DIP

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3
Q

Mallet Finger - Rx

A

Splint in extension, then initiate AROM

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4
Q

Scaphoid Fracture - MOI

A

Fall on outstretched hand (FOOSH)

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5
Q

Scaphoid Fracture - Rx

A

Closed reduction and casting; ORIF and bone grafting if avascular
-AVN and non-union are frequent complications

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6
Q

Perilunate Fracture

A

Axial loading into hyperextension and ulnar deviation

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7
Q

Perilunate Fracture - MOI

A

High energy impact, typically young adults

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8
Q

Perilunate Fracture - Rx

A

Immediate ORIF

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9
Q

Boxer’s Fracture

A

Fracture of the 4th or 5th metacarpal

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10
Q

Boxer’s Fracture - MOI

A

Usually a blow with a clenched fist

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11
Q

Boxer’s Fracture - Rx

A

Closed reduction and casting; ORIF if significant displacement

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12
Q

Bennett’s Fracture

A

Fracture/dislocation of base of 1st metacarpal

Can be highly functionally limiting

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13
Q

Bennett’s Fracture - MOI

A

Axial loading of a partially flexed thumb

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14
Q

Bennett’s Fracture - Rx

A

Closed reduction with thumb spica or ORIF

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15
Q

Colles’ Fracture

A
  • “dinner fork deformity”
  • Transverse fracture of distal radius with dorsal/lateral displacement
  • Common in post-menopausal women, associated with OP
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16
Q

Colles’ Fracture - MOI

A

FOOSH

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17
Q

Colles’ Fracture - Rx

A

Closed reduction and casting if not comminuted; ORIF if comminuted

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18
Q

Smith’s Fracture

A
  • Fracture of the distal radius with palmar/medial displacement
  • Common in young men, usually a fall or blow to the back of hand
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19
Q

Smith’s Fracture - MOI

A

Fall onto flexed or pronated wrist

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20
Q

Smith’s Fracture - Rx

A

Same as Colles’

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21
Q

Monteggia Fracture

A
  • Fracture of proximal or mid 1/3 ulna with radial head dislocation
  • Radial head dislocation may be overlooked
22
Q

Monteggia Fracture - MOI

A

FOOSH or direct blow (MVA)

23
Q

Monteggia Fracture - Rx

A

Usually ORIF and rigid immobilization

24
Q

Galeazzi Fracture

A

Fracture of distal 1/3 of radius with distal radioulnar joint disruption

25
Q

Galeazzi Fracture - MOI

A

Fall onto outstretched hand or direct blow (MVA)

26
Q

Galeazzi Fracture - Rx

A

ORIF and rigid immobilization

27
Q

Radial Head Fracture

A

Valgus force impaction of capitulum onto radial head

28
Q

Radial Head Fracture - MOI

A

Axial loading on a pronated and partially flexed or outstretched arm

29
Q

Radial Head Fracture - Rx

A

Usually ORIF, rarely closed reduction with casting or early ROM

30
Q

Humeral Fractures

A

May be diaphyseal (younger), proximal (older), or distal (children)

31
Q

Humeral Fractures - MOI

A

FOOSH/E, or direct blow

32
Q

Humeral Fractures - Rx

A

Often closed reduction and immobilization, otherwise ORIF

33
Q

Greenstick Fracture

A

Common in children, periosteal sleeve remains intact

34
Q

Greenstick Fracture - MOI

A

Usually a bending force - fall or direct blow

35
Q

Greenstick Fracture - Rx

A

Cast immobilization

36
Q

Clavicle Fracture

A

Typically affects middle 1/3 of clavicle

37
Q

Clavicle Fracture - MOI

A

Fall onto or direct blow to the shoulder

38
Q

Clavicle Fracture - Rx

A

Figure-8 sling for nondisplaced fractures

39
Q

Femoral Shaft Fracture

A

May be related to osteoporosis, metastatic disease, TKA

40
Q

Femoral Shaft Fracture - MOI

A

Usually high-energy trauma (MVA), often accompanied by significant soft tissue trauma

41
Q

Femoral Shaft Fracture - Rx

A

IM nailing, ORIF, or external fixation

42
Q

Tibial Plateau Fracture

A

Critical lode bearing area, often associated with meniscal and/or ligamentous damage

43
Q

Tibial Plateau Fracture - MOI

A

Valgus force with axial loading

44
Q

Tibial Plateau Fracture - Rx

A

Functional bracing, ORIF if displaced > 5 mm

45
Q

Tibial Shaft Fracture

A

Most commonly fractured long bone

46
Q

Tibial Shaft Fracture - MOI

A

Usually high-energy trauma

47
Q

Tibial Shaft Fracture - Rx

A

IM nailing, ORIF or external fixation

48
Q

Talus Fracture

A

Considered intra-articular

Prone to avascular necrosis

Associated with lumbar spine burst or compression fractures

49
Q

Talus Fracture - MOI

A

Fall from height or trauma

50
Q

Talus Fracture - Rx

A

ORIF and immobilization

51
Q

Calcaneal Fracture - MOI

A

Fall from height

52
Q

Calcaneal Fracture - Rx

A

Strict immobilization and elevation, then protected weight-bearing - possible ORIF

PTRS 746 - Musculoskeletal (9 decks)

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