Neuropathic Foot Flashcards
1
Q
Causes of Neuropathy (6)
A
- Diabetes
- Tumor, trauma
- Autoimmune disease
- Vitamin B, E, or niacin deficiency
- Exposure to toxins
- Infection
2
Q
Types of Neuropathy (4)
A
- Peripheral
- Autonomic
- Proximal
- Focal
3
Q
Autonomic Neuropathy
A
affects cardiopulmonary system, temp regulation, bowel, bladder and sexual function
4
Q
Proximal Neuropathy
A
affects thigh, hip and core muscles
5
Q
Focal Neuropathy
A
sudden loss of function in one nerve or a group of nerves
6
Q
How often should a foot exam take place?
A
At LEAST annually, preferably 6 months
7
Q
Objective Assessment for Neuropathy (5)
A
- Condition of skin, hair, toenails
- Deformities
- Pulses
- Sensation
- Shoe wear
8
Q
Deformities (4)
A
- Prominent Metatarsal Heads
- Hammer/Claw Toes
- Hallux Valgus (bunions)
- Charcot foot
9
Q
Charcot Arthropathy
A
-Progressive bone destruction and ligament damage leading to arch collapse and impaired skin integrity
10
Q
Pulses
A
- Posterior Tib.
- Dorsal pedis
11
Q
Ankle Brachial Index
A
- > 1.2 Vessels are incompressible
- 1.2-1.0 Normal
- 0.99-0.9 - Acceptable
- <0.5 - Severe arterial disease
12
Q
Sensations (2 Types)
A
- Semmes Weinstein Monofilament
- Vibratory Sensation
13
Q
Semmes Weinstein Monofilament
A
- 10g monofilament
- 10 locations
14
Q
Vibratory Sensation
A
- 128 Hz tuning fork
- Latency of 10 seconds or more indicates sensory loss
15
Q
Low Risk (3)
A
- Preserved sensation
- No deformity
- Intact circulation
