Osteoporosis Flashcards
1
Q
Osteoporosis - def. (3)
A
- Microarchitectural deterioration of bone tissue leading to decreased bone mass
- Bone fragility
- Susceptibility to fracture
2
Q
How do you diagnose OP?
A
bone density testing - DEXA
3
Q
T score
A
Number of standard deviations from the young adult mean density
4
Q
OP T score
A
-2.5 or less
5
Q
Osteopenia T score
A
-1.0 - -2.5
6
Q
Z score
A
Number of standard deviations from age matched mean density
7
Q
Primary osteoporosis
A
- Unrelated to chronic illness
- Related to aging and decreased gonadal function
8
Q
Secondary osteoporosis
A
- Secondary to chronic illnesses/meds that cause accelerated bone loss
- Ex: Glucocorticoid use, hyperthyroidism
9
Q
OP Risk Factors
A
- Genetics
- Low calcium intake
- Low vitamin D stores
- Tobacco and alcohol
- Prior hx of fx
- Meds
- Malabsorption
- Excessive urinary calcium
- Overactive thyroid gland
10
Q
Assessment of Fall Risk
A
Timed up and go test -Stand up -Walk 10 feet -Turn around and return to seat Normal time is < 10 seconds
11
Q
Exercise
A
- 30 minutes most days of the week (weight bearing ex: running, walking, elliptical)
- Muscle strengthening exercises
- Balance
12
Q
Reasons for PT (3)
A
- Increased risk of fall
- Unstable gait
- Noted weakness
13
Q
Pharmacologic Treatment of Low Bone Mass (4)
A
- Bisphosphonates - first line of defense
- Teriparatide - “bone building”
- Denosumab
- Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators
