Special Conditions And Patient Populations Week 5

Question 1

What are the two types of dialysis and describe them?

Answer 1

Haemodialysis: Is a process that uses a man-made membrane (dialyzer) to: Remove wastes, such as urea, from the blood. Restore the proper balance of electrolytes in the blood. Eliminate extra fluid from the body.

Peritoneal dialysis:
- Kidney failure that uses the lining of your abdomen, or belly, to filter your blood inside your body.
- The peritoneal cavity—is filled with a special dialysis fluid that looks like water.
- Excess water and wastes pass from the blood through the peritoneum into the dialysis fluid. The fluid is then drained from your body and discarded,

Question 2

What is Central Venous Catheter for Dialysis

Answer 2

flexible synthetic (man- made) tube that is usually placed in the vena cava
Used when pt. waiting for a Fistula
Or when a Fistula is not possible.
Can even be placed in the groin – femoral vein

Question 3

What drugs does dialysis remove?

Answer 3

Common Dialyzable Drugs
B - Barbiturates.
L - Lithium
I - Isoniazid.
S - Salicylates.
T - Theophylline/Caffeine (both are methylxanthines)
M - Methanol, metformin.
E - Ethylene glycol.
D - Depakote, dabigatran.

Question 4

Who or why does a Pt get a Tracheostomy?

Answer 4

Partial/complete obstruction
Trauma
Spinal Cord Injury
Anaphylaxis
Neuromuscular Disease
Extended Period of Unconsciousness
Burns
Cancer

Question 5

Different Inner Cannulas

Answer 5

• fenestrated: which means it has a small hole in cannula, which allows increased airflow to the upper airway allowing the patient to talk.
• non-fenestrated: tubes there is little to no voicing.