Spec Set 2 Flashcards
1
Q
name structures of C,D and E
A
C - m line
D - mitochondrion
E - myofibril
2
Q
give name of structure between points A and B
A
sarcomere
3
Q
A
- low pH changes shape of calcium ion receptors
- fewer calcium ions bind to tropomyosin
- less tropomyosin expose actin myosin binding site
- less formation of actin myosin crossbridges
4
Q
A
- protection to prevent damage of tissue
- rapid
- help escape from pred
- enable homeostatic control
- dont need to learn
5
Q
A
- receptors ONLY on post synaptic membrane
- neurotransmitter ONLY released from pre -synaptic membrane
6
Q
A
- less protons transported across TK membrane
- less ATP produced
- less NADPH produced
- LIDR slows
7
Q
A
heat given off by high energy electrons
8
Q
A
water still re absorbed
9
Q
explain shape of curve in loop of henle
A
- conc rises in descending limb because sodium ions enter AND water lost
- conc falls in ascending limb because sodium ions actively removed
- water remains in ascending limb because walls = imperm
10
Q
whats the evidence that the person was secreting ADH
A
- adh inc perm of walls of collecting duct to water
- conc inc as water lost by osmosis
11
Q
define epigenetics
A
- heretible changes in gene function
- without changes to base sequence of dna
12
Q
A
oestrogen - protein
methyl groups - dna
acetyl groups - protein
13
Q
A
- methyl groups added on to TSG - mutation
- transcription of TSG inhibited
- leads to uncontrolled cell division
14
Q
A
- abiotic factors constant
- same species present over long time
- pop stable (around carring capacity)
15
Q
A
- human gene contains introns
- e coli cannot splice mrna to remove introns
16
Q
A
gene machine faster than all enzyme catalysed reactions
17
Q
A
- cut plasmid with RE
- both have comp / sticky ends
- add ligase to join comp / sticky ends
18
Q
A
can quickly identify transformed bacteria under UV light
19
Q
arabinose is a sugar that can bind to araC
why must geneticists include arabinose in the agar plate on which she hopes to grow e coli
A
- arabinose alters structure of araC protein
- stops inhibition of promotor gene and GFP gene transcribed
20
Q
A
- less resp - less gas exchange
- spiracles open less - less water loss
21
Q
A
- large sample - representative
- positive correlation
- overlaps in individual experiments at all humidities
22
Q
A
- less ATP produced - less energy for growth and reprod
- needed to make phospholipids for membranes
23
Q
A
hydrolyse murein in cell wall
24
Q
A
- binds to receptor
- leads to prod of TF
- mRNA produced
25
Q
A
direct plant to plant response
- quicker response
- no dilution of signal protein
26
Q
A
NOT USE
- fertilisers prevent development of mycorrhizae
- m help defend plants
- m help take up nitrates and phosphates (inc in crop yield)
USE
- fertilisers inc phosphate and nitrate conc - inc GPP - inc yield
- most soil poor in phosphate - adding phosphate replenishes it
