spatial control of cell division Flashcards
what is cell division needed for
growth, healing and replacing old cells
how many cells are in your body
~10 trillion
how often are your whole body of cells replaced
1x a year
what are the steps in the cell cycle
M phase, G1, S and G2
what do CDKs do
they phosphorylate
what to cyclins do
tell the CDKs what to phosphorylate (recruit the CDK to the right substrate) (when the cyclin changes, you phosphorylate different proteins in the cell to control different processes)
what does securin do
stops protein seperates from being degraded - promotes seperation
what does Mps1 kinase do
activates the mitotic checkpoint by localising to the outer kinetochore region to produce a signal
what do kinetochores do
produces w signal within the mitotic checkpoint to produce a mitotic checkpoint complex (MCC) which is 4 proteins assembled into a complex
what does aurora b kinase do
it is localised in a centromere during error correction
what do centromeres do
they phosphorylate the binding sites of microtubules within error correction to destabilise the incorrect microtubule attachments
what are Mps1 kinase and aurora B kinase both controlled by
space
what are the stages in the mitotic checkpoint
- mps1 kinase localises to a kintetochore
- mps1 recruits other proteins and assembles them into an inhibitory complex (MCC)
- MCC inhibits a large ubiquitin ligase needed for the mitotic exit (the anaphase promoting complex)
- microtubule attach and the checkpoint signal gets shut down
what does mps1 interact directly with
the NDC80 complex in vitro
what is the NDC80 complex required for
microtubules to bind kinetochores
