Spanish Civilization - Midterm Flashcards
Columbus
-Italian navigator who discovered the New World in the service of Spain while looking for a route to China (1451 - 1506)
-Was a murderer and mistreated the native women
-Not as “innocent” as we were taught in grade school
Aztecs
-Also known as the Mexica
-Indigenous group that settled in Valley of Mexico 1325
-Military organization and prowess
-Sacrificed people
Incas
-Advanced South American civilization that occupied present day Peru
-Conquered by Spanish forces under Francisco Pizarro in 1532
-Sophisticated agricultural techniques
-Religion: Viracocha (Creator), Inti(sun), Pachamama(Earth goddess), orders of priests and priestesses
-Political hierarchy: Inca, nobles, commoners
El requerimiento
A historical document used by the spanish that was given to the indigenous people of South America. It demanded Spains rule over the land and that the indigenous people convert to christianity. It was often read in a language that indigenous people could not understand and was more of a legal context for colonization.
Fray Bartolome de las Casas
A spanish dominican historian that advocated for the human rights of indigenous people of South America. He would document the abuse towards the people and was a big part in the movement towards improving ethics and human rights of the indigenous people. Wrote “A Short Account for the Destruction of the Indies”
Peninsularres
Spanish colonist born on the Iberian Peninsula and migrated to America during the Spanish colonial rule in the Americas. They often held higher power than indigenous people and locally born spaniards. Criollos did not like the preferential treatment of these people and rebelled agains them and expeled them out of the land.
Diego Rivera
A mexican painter (1886 - 1957) Was renound and painted many famous and well known paintings. Had big roles in politcal movements and painted about mexican history and events. Mexican ambassador to the soviet union and supported communism.
Rafael Trujillo
A harsh dictator of the Dominican Republic. Characterized by his oppression, authoritarianism, and cult of authority. Disregarded civil liberty and often required public displays of affection towards him.
