Spain

Question 1

What were the 3 key events in foreign policy towards Spain and Burgundy?

Answer 1

Medina del Campo - 1489

Castillian Succession Crisis - 1504-6

League of Cambrai - 1508

Question 2

When was the treaty of Medina del Campo signed?

Answer 2

1489

Question 3

What were the terms of the treaty of Medina del Campo?

Answer 3

• Arthur + Catherine would marry
• Dowry would be £40,000 paid in installments
• Spain would not support English rebels
• Trade benefits + equal rights for both
• If one invaded France, other would assist
  
  • Spain wanted Pyrenean borders + promised to help England regain Aquitaine + Normandy

Question 4

What were the downsides of the treaty of Medina del Campo?

Answer 4

• Spain regained land + did not offer England much support
  
  • Although Henry not overly bothered
• Delay in marriage
  
  • Not confirmed until 1496 (Warbeck + instability)
  • Catherine only arrived in 1501 with part of dowry
  • Arthur dead within 5 months

Question 5

Which of Henry’s aims did the marriage of Henry and Catherine fulfill?

Answer 5

1. National security - marriage-alliance
2. Recognition

Question 6

When did the Castillian Succession Crisis occur?

Answer 6

1504-6

Question 7

What events casued the Castilian Succession Crisis?

Answer 7

• The marriage of Isabella and Ferdinand had united Castile and Aragon to form Spain.
• However, in her will Isabella had left Castile to her daughter Joanna
• Joanna was married to Philip of Burgundy
• Philip would take over control of Castile - problem because he was also heir to the HRE

Question 8

How did the Castilian succession crisis affect Henry’s foreign policy?

Answer 8

Dilema over who he should ally with…

Question 9

What reasons did Henry have to ally with Ferdinand over Philip?

Answer 9

• Henry had links with Spain - Medina del Campo
• Were also on the side of the French, who Henry wanted to stay friendly with

Question 10

What reasons did Henry have to ally with Philip over Ferdinand?

Answer 10

• Ferdinand was only the king of Aragon - so a less important ally (marriage of Henry to Catherine less pleasing)
• Could marry Henry to Philip’s daughter Eleanor instead - more influential match
• HRE Maximillian was sheltering Edmund de la Pole - interest of national security to convince him not to.
• Cloth trade integral to English economy
• Ferdinand was a snake - almost duped Henry into marrying some impoverished queen + delays in paying dowry

Question 11

Why did the French get involved in the Castilian succession crisis?

Answer 11

If Philip got Castile then the Habsburg house would threaten France - had to side with Spain

Question 12

Which side did Henry chose during the Castillian Succession Crisis?

Answer 12

Sided with Philip intially

But after his death in 1506 tried to improve relations with Spain again by proposing marriage between himself + Joanna - failed

Question 13

How did Henry initially try to create an anti-Spanish alliance?

Answer 13

• Pursued better relations with Burgundy by revoking Magnus to speed up marriage between daughter Mary + Charles
  
  • Even though trade deal beneficial for English merchants
• Also offered son to Louis XII’s niece to humiliate Spain
• HOWEVER, neither went through

Question 14

When did Henry try to create an anti-Spanish alliance?

Answer 14

1508

Question 15

What was the League of Cambrai meant to be?

Answer 15

Propsed by Henry to France as an anti-Spanish alliance

Question 16

What was the League of Cambrai actually?

Why?

Answer 16

An anti-Venecian alliance between France and Spain

France decided they couldn’t risk wrath of Spain (as neighbours)

Question 17

What was the consequence of the League of Cambrai on England, both positive and negative?

Answer 17

Negative:

Left England isolated because they’d messed Spain around

Positive:

Brought respite for Henry, not threatening England

Question 18

When was the League of Cambrai created (finalised)?

Answer 18

1508