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Science > Space test 2 > Flashcards

Space test 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

Light Year

A

The distance that light travels in a vacuum (empty space) in 1 year

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2
Q

What is the closest star to us

A

Proxima Centauri

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3
Q

What is 1 light year (Ly) equivalent to (km)

A

1 ly is equivalent to 9.5 trillion km

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4
Q

How was the galaxy formed

A

We started as a Solar Nebula, there was gas and clumps, gravity caused these clumps to attract and form a core as the core grew bigger so did the force of gravity, causing more gas and clumps to be pulled this continued for millions of year till we had a proto star, the gravity pushed in on the proto star making it more dense and hotter causing nuclear fusion to start, this gave birth to the sun

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5
Q

How did the planets come to be?

A

once the star was born it pushed the lighter gasses away (gas giants) and things like rock and metal stayed closer since the had more mass and gravity.

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6
Q

Star cluster

A

A group of stars that were formed in the same nebula held together by gravity

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7
Q

Open star cluster

A

Small collection of young stars

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8
Q

Globular cluster

A

Large, ball shaped collection of very old stars

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9
Q

Name all the types of galaxies

A

Elliptical galaxies, spiral galaxies, lentecicular galaxies, irregular galaxies and barred spiral galaxies

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10
Q

Explain Elliptical galaxies

A
  • spherical to a flattend oval
  • very little gas dust or young stars
  • over 50% are elliptical galaxies
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11
Q

Explain Spiral galaxies

A
  • flattened disk with a centennial bulge made of old red stars
  • has 2-4 arms that make a spiral shape
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12
Q

Lenticular galaxies

A
  • a central bulge with a flatend disk of gas and dust
  • no spiral arms made of mostly red stars
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13
Q

irregular galaxies

A
  • has no defined shape
  • has even more gas and dust then the spiral galaxies
  • makes up 10% of the galaxies
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14
Q

barred spiral galaxies

A
  • a spiral galaxy with a barr in the center of it
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15
Q

What is the closet galaxy to us

A

Andromida galaxy

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16
Q

Who suggested that the universe was expanding

A

Albert Einstein

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17
Q

What did Edwin Hubble discover after he found out other galaxies exist

A

He discovered that galaxies were moving away and the further a galaxy the faster it was moving

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18
Q

Define red shift

A

the phenomenon of light that other galaxies moving towards the red end of the spectrum, indicating that a galaxy is moving away

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19
Q

Hubble’s law

A

The further a galaxy the greater the red shift and there for it appears to be moving even faster.

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20
Q

What is Dark Matter

A

A matter that is holding together galaxies that cant be seen because it cant emit or absorb light

21
Q

What do we know of Dark Matter

A

Not much is known about dark matter it is the most abundant form of matter in the universe

22
Q

What is Dark Energy and what does it do?

A

Dark energy is a form of energy that works against gravity and nullifies gravity and there fore expanding the rate of expansion

23
Q

Big bang theory

A

A theory that presumes how the universe came into existence, it is said that the universe smaller then a period “.” infinitely dense and infinitely hotter as the point exploded it stretched out billions of kilometers known as the universe, after the explosion the universe cooled down creating the stars galaxies atmos energy and so on

24
Q

Luminosity

A

The more energy produced by a star each second, more energy = more brightness

25
Q

aparint magnitude

A

The brightness of a star in the night sky as they appear from earth

26
Q

Absolute magnitude

A

The brightness of stars as is they were located 33 LY from earth

27
Q

Solar mass

A

The suns mass used as a unit

28
Q

What is the suns mass

A

1.989 x 10^30

29
Q

Who created the telescopes

A

Galileo Galilee

30
Q

What are refracting telescopes?

A

A telescope with lenses (curved glass) to see, the larger the lenses the more light it can absorb there fore allowing to see more clearly and further, how ever it is very expensive to make a giant curved glass

31
Q

What is a reflecting telescope

A

A telescope with mirrors in side of them allowing for light to bounce of each other allowing for better quality and clearer images

32
Q

What do radio telescopes do

A

As the name suggest they collect radio waves for distant stars and galaxies. Most look like a curved dish made of wires and metals

33
Q

What are X-ray telescopes

A

Placed hundreds of kilometers in space, they detect extremely hot invisible objects in space

34
Q

What are gamma ray telescopes

A

They detect intense gamma rays in regions of space

35
Q

What is Hubble space telescope

A

Name after Edwin Hubble, this telescope is placed outside the earths atmosphere where it can send 4x more clearer images than earth; its biggest mirror has a diameter of 2.4m.

36
Q

What is James web telescope

A

The latest telescope that NASA has sent out, its meant to the successor of Hubble, it can get clearer picture and look even deeper into the universe.

37
Q

What is a space probe

A

A robotic space craft sent to explore other celestial objects

38
Q

What is Canada Arm

A

used to assist astronauts in there space walk, all space shuttels are equipped with it.

39
Q

What is Canada Arm 2

A

Placed on the ISS on 2001, this robot handles all the heavy work on the ISS; it is not permanently attached.

40
Q

What is Dexter

A

A robot that is also placed on the ISS, this robot has two hands and is in charge of the precise movements and fixing things that require precise movements.

41
Q

What is Dexter

A

A robot that is also placed on the ISS, this robot has two hands and is in charge of the precise movements and fixing things that require precise movements.

42
Q

What is a space craft

A

A human occupied or robot viachel used to explore space and other celestial objects

43
Q

What is thrust

A

A force of a rocket engine

44
Q

Rocket booster

A

A powerful rocket engine that contains fuel and attaches to a space craft during launch

45
Q

What if a spacecraft doesnt have enoufgh launching speed

A

It will be pulled back by gravity

46
Q

Too much launching speed

A

it will go further then intended and wont stay in orbit

47
Q

What are some effects of no gravity on the human body

A

Diziness, puffy face, bone/muscle, and getting taller

48
Q

What are some hazards in space?

A

Crew illness, radiation, temperature

49
Q

What is space junk

A

Man made objects in space that no longer work or useful

Science (5 decks)

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