Space test 2 Flashcards
Light Year
The distance that light travels in a vacuum (empty space) in 1 year
What is the closest star to us
Proxima Centauri
What is 1 light year (Ly) equivalent to (km)
1 ly is equivalent to 9.5 trillion km
How was the galaxy formed
We started as a Solar Nebula, there was gas and clumps, gravity caused these clumps to attract and form a core as the core grew bigger so did the force of gravity, causing more gas and clumps to be pulled this continued for millions of year till we had a proto star, the gravity pushed in on the proto star making it more dense and hotter causing nuclear fusion to start, this gave birth to the sun
How did the planets come to be?
once the star was born it pushed the lighter gasses away (gas giants) and things like rock and metal stayed closer since the had more mass and gravity.
Star cluster
A group of stars that were formed in the same nebula held together by gravity
Open star cluster
Small collection of young stars
Globular cluster
Large, ball shaped collection of very old stars
Name all the types of galaxies
Elliptical galaxies, spiral galaxies, lentecicular galaxies, irregular galaxies and barred spiral galaxies
Explain Elliptical galaxies
- spherical to a flattend oval
- very little gas dust or young stars
- over 50% are elliptical galaxies
Explain Spiral galaxies
- flattened disk with a centennial bulge made of old red stars
- has 2-4 arms that make a spiral shape
Lenticular galaxies
- a central bulge with a flatend disk of gas and dust
- no spiral arms made of mostly red stars
irregular galaxies
- has no defined shape
- has even more gas and dust then the spiral galaxies
- makes up 10% of the galaxies
barred spiral galaxies
- a spiral galaxy with a barr in the center of it
What is the closet galaxy to us
Andromida galaxy
Who suggested that the universe was expanding
Albert Einstein
What did Edwin Hubble discover after he found out other galaxies exist
He discovered that galaxies were moving away and the further a galaxy the faster it was moving
Define red shift
the phenomenon of light that other galaxies moving towards the red end of the spectrum, indicating that a galaxy is moving away
Hubble’s law
The further a galaxy the greater the red shift and there for it appears to be moving even faster.
What is Dark Matter
A matter that is holding together galaxies that cant be seen because it cant emit or absorb light
What do we know of Dark Matter
Not much is known about dark matter it is the most abundant form of matter in the universe
What is Dark Energy and what does it do?
Dark energy is a form of energy that works against gravity and nullifies gravity and there fore expanding the rate of expansion
Big bang theory
A theory that presumes how the universe came into existence, it is said that the universe smaller then a period “.” infinitely dense and infinitely hotter as the point exploded it stretched out billions of kilometers known as the universe, after the explosion the universe cooled down creating the stars galaxies atmos energy and so on
Luminosity
The more energy produced by a star each second, more energy = more brightness
aparint magnitude
The brightness of a star in the night sky as they appear from earth
Absolute magnitude
The brightness of stars as is they were located 33 LY from earth
Solar mass
The suns mass used as a unit
What is the suns mass
1.989 x 10^30
Who created the telescopes
Galileo Galilee
What are refracting telescopes?
A telescope with lenses (curved glass) to see, the larger the lenses the more light it can absorb there fore allowing to see more clearly and further, how ever it is very expensive to make a giant curved glass
What is a reflecting telescope
A telescope with mirrors in side of them allowing for light to bounce of each other allowing for better quality and clearer images
What do radio telescopes do
As the name suggest they collect radio waves for distant stars and galaxies. Most look like a curved dish made of wires and metals
What are X-ray telescopes
Placed hundreds of kilometers in space, they detect extremely hot invisible objects in space
What are gamma ray telescopes
They detect intense gamma rays in regions of space
What is Hubble space telescope
Name after Edwin Hubble, this telescope is placed outside the earths atmosphere where it can send 4x more clearer images than earth; its biggest mirror has a diameter of 2.4m.
What is James web telescope
The latest telescope that NASA has sent out, its meant to the successor of Hubble, it can get clearer picture and look even deeper into the universe.
What is a space probe
A robotic space craft sent to explore other celestial objects
What is Canada Arm
used to assist astronauts in there space walk, all space shuttels are equipped with it.
What is Canada Arm 2
Placed on the ISS on 2001, this robot handles all the heavy work on the ISS; it is not permanently attached.
What is Dexter
A robot that is also placed on the ISS, this robot has two hands and is in charge of the precise movements and fixing things that require precise movements.
What is Dexter
A robot that is also placed on the ISS, this robot has two hands and is in charge of the precise movements and fixing things that require precise movements.
What is a space craft
A human occupied or robot viachel used to explore space and other celestial objects
What is thrust
A force of a rocket engine
Rocket booster
A powerful rocket engine that contains fuel and attaches to a space craft during launch
What if a spacecraft doesnt have enoufgh launching speed
It will be pulled back by gravity
Too much launching speed
it will go further then intended and wont stay in orbit
What are some effects of no gravity on the human body
Diziness, puffy face, bone/muscle, and getting taller
What are some hazards in space?
Crew illness, radiation, temperature
What is space junk
Man made objects in space that no longer work or useful
