Science Grade 9 Space unit Flashcards
What is Astronomy
The scientific study of what is beyond earth
What is a Celestial object
Any object that exits in space
What is a solar system
A star and all the objects that travel (orbit) around it
What is a universe
All of space and everything in it, including energy and matter
What is a star
A ball of gas that mostly consists of helium and hydrogen held together by its gravity
What is a planet
A celestial object that orbits the sun
How many planets are there & name them all
There are 8 planets, Mercury(1) Venus(2) Earth(3) Mars(4) Jupiter(5) Saturn(6) Uranus(7) and Neptune(8)
What are terrestrial planets
The 4 closest to the Sun. They have a hard & rocky surface, and an atmosphere
What are the gas giants
The 4 outer planets composed of mostly gasses & liquids
Satellite
A celestial object that travels around another celestial object in a close path
Orbit
A close path that celestial and satellites travel around another celestial object.
Galaxy
a huge collection of gas, dust, stars, planet,s and other celestial objects.
How long has the sun been around
The sun has been around for almost 5 Billion years
Why is the sun important
The sun gives us heat, keeps our water in a liquid state and gives energy for the plants to grow
How many layers does the sun have
The sun has 5 layers
What are the five layers of the sun
The core, radiation zone, convection zone, photo sphere, and the sun’s atmosphere
Core
The hottest part of the sun, it has high pressure that causes gas particles to collide into one another causing nuclear fusion
Radiation zone
surrounds the core, the energy released by the nuclear fusion travels here.
Convection zone
it is extremely hard for energy to get up here from the radiation zone, hotter substances rise as colder ones fall creating an infinite loop.
Photo sphere
the visible part of the sun, the average temperature is 5500 Celsius
Sun’s atmosphere
divided into two layers; the corona and chromosphere
Corona
the outer atmosphere it extends millions of kilometers into space
chromosphere
its the inner atmosphere its 60 000 Celsius hotter then the photshpere
How much time does it take for the sun to complete 1 rotation
It takes 25 days
Sunspots
Dark spots appearing on the sun that are cooler than areas around them.
Solar flares
gasses and charged particles released above an active sun spot.
solar prominence
slow low-energy gas ejections that travel through the corona, extending thousands of kilometers into space
what are auroras
auroras happen when earths atmosphere and solar winds come into contact causing green light to be seen from earth
What is communication distribution
Comunicatio distribution is when the suns solar activity damaging artificial satellites.
What measurements do we use in space
AU (Astrnomical units)
How much km is 1 AU
150 000 000; 150m
What does a celestial object need to be considered a plante
Orbit the sun, have enough mass to be pulled into a stable sphere shape by gravity, and lastly it must dominate its orbit
What is a dwarf planet
A celestial object that orbits the sun and has a sphere shape, but it does not dominate its orbit
Asteroids
A small celestial object that orbits the sun and is made up of rocks and metals
Meteoroid
A large piece of metal or rock in the solar system that is to small to be considered to be a asteroid
where do meteors and asteroids come from
they come from the asteroid belt located between mars and Jupiter
comets
Large chunk of ice, rock and dust that orbits the sun.
where do comets come from
short period comets come from the Kupier belt and long period come from the Oort cloud
