space physics Flashcards
what is our solar sytem part of
small part of milky way galaxy
what does the solar system involve
-1star=the sun
-8planet and dwarf planet = orbit sun
-asteriod and comet = orbit sun
-moon orbit planet = natural satellite
what is nebula
cloud of dust and gas
how was the sun formed
sun was formed by nebula oulled together by gravitional attraction
what is the start of lifecycle stars
nebula
how does protostar occur
as dust and gas drawn together by gravity it causes to collapse-as particle move faster=tempt rises to million of degree celcuis
what is protostar
hot dense mass that form when nebula collapse
how is helium nuclei formed and process
from protostar if still high enough-hydrogen nuclei join together to form helium nuclei. - process nuclear fusion
nuclear fusion what happens
release huge amount of energy and can’t make element heavier than iron
what does gravity provide
provide force that allow planet and satellite to maintain their ciruclar orbit
planet and satellite are..
both natural and artificial
what is circular orbit
earth follows the path of a circle
what does earth orbit…
and draw it
orbit the sun
-sun tiny circle around is earth
what is main sequence star
period lifecycle of a star
what is supernova - massive star
large star explode because force within it no longer stable balanced
how does supernova distrubte universe
explosion of massive star distributes elements throughout universe
where are elements heavier than iron produced and why
supernova
after explosion has high enough temperature to produce heavier element than iron
what is neutron stars
consistent neutrons densely packed togeher
what is black hole
large gravity that not even light can escape
cycle of star
cloud of dust and gas -nebula
protostar
main sequence
STAR SAME SIZE - redgiant, white dwarf, black dward
STAR BIGGER - red super giant, supernova, neutron star/black hole
explain steps of lifecyle star same size as sun
- nebula
2.protostar- collapse of star causes its tempt increase - main sequence - helium nuclei fuse togeher, create heavier element that iron
- red giant-star expand
- white dwarf- red giant stop fusing helium , star shrinks, no longer fusing, gradually cools down
- black dward- eventually stop relase energy and forms.
steps of star much bigger than sun in lifesycle
- nebula
2.protostar- collapse of star causes its tempt increase - main sequence - helium nuclei fuse togeher, create heavier element that iron
- red super giant- star run out hydrogen and leave mainsequence, expand into red giant
- supernova- stop carrying out nuclear fusion, star explodes
- neutron star/black hole - after explodes, remain star form one of two object as distrubtes universe.
what is elliptical orbit and diagram
planet orbit the sun
-sun tiny circle, around planet
what is force of gravity do
hold planets in their orbit
earth orbit is…
vertically circular
what orbit is moon
circular orbit around the earth
diagram of moon orbit, and what does force of gravity do to this
force of gravity holds the moon in its orbit
-earth tiny cirlce, around moon
-arrow force of gravity
what does arrow show
direction orbit is moving - direction, speed, velocity change constant
what is artificial satellite
man-made
what type use is artifical satellite and how much orbit
type use satellite TV, orbit more frequently for others
diagrame of artifical satellite
earth tiny crlce, aritifcal around
what is geostationary satellite
orbit once every 24hrs always at earth at same part points
what is made out of universe
billion of galaxies - energy and space matters
from most distant galaxies what is wavelentgh
observed increase in wavelntgh of light
example of astronomers on increase wavelentgh from distant galaxcies
1990s,astronomers were looking at the light emitted from different galaxies, deteced light from very distant galaxies
what is red-shift
increase in wavelentgh of light from objects that are moving away from you
redshift further away the galxies..
the faster they are moving, observe increased wavelength
what does redshift tells us and causes
that the galaxies are moving away from each other, this cause light waves stretched and observed increase wavelentgh
when is bigger redshift
when galaxies further away so galaxies are moving faster than closer galaxes
what evidence does redshift provide and supprt
evidence universe is exanding and big bang theory support
what is big bang theory
suggest that the universe began from a very small region that was extremely hot and dense
since 1998 what does observation of supervoa suggest
that distant galaxies are receding(further away) ever faster
what does astronomer suggest from universe growing
assume gravity would cause the expansion of universe to gradually slow down. However, observation of supernova show expanison rate increase
what does scientist suggested about matter and energy
suggest universe contain matter and energy that we cant detect - calls it dark matter and dark energy
planets in order
mercy, venus, earth, mars, jupiter, saturn, uranus, neptune
What is red shift (exam answe)
Wavelength of light increase
What is big bang theory (exam )
Universe began at a very small initial point, the expansion causes universe to expand
Describe big bang theory (exam)
Starts at singe point, then massive explosion
describe black hole (EXAM)
mass with such a high density, electromagnetic radiation
increase size in order smallest to largest
UNIVERSE
EARTH
MILKY WAY
UNIVERSE
earth, sun, mily way, galaxy
