space physics

Question 1

what is our solar sytem part of

Answer 1

small part of milky way galaxy

Question 2

what does the solar system involve

Answer 2

-1star=the sun
-8planet and dwarf planet = orbit sun
-asteriod and comet = orbit sun
-moon orbit planet = natural satellite

Question 3

what is nebula

Answer 3

cloud of dust and gas

Question 4

how was the sun formed

Answer 4

sun was formed by nebula oulled together by gravitional attraction

Question 5

what is the start of lifecycle stars

Answer 5

nebula

Question 6

how does protostar occur

Answer 6

as dust and gas drawn together by gravity it causes to collapse-as particle move faster=tempt rises to million of degree celcuis

Question 7

what is protostar

Answer 7

hot dense mass that form when nebula collapse

Question 8

how is helium nuclei formed and process

Answer 8

from protostar if still high enough-hydrogen nuclei join together to form helium nuclei. - process nuclear fusion

Question 9

nuclear fusion what happens

Answer 9

release huge amount of energy and can’t make element heavier than iron

Question 10

what does gravity provide

Answer 10

provide force that allow planet and satellite to maintain their ciruclar orbit

Question 11

planet and satellite are..

Answer 11

both natural and artificial

Question 12

what is circular orbit

Answer 12

earth follows the path of a circle

Question 13

what does earth orbit…
and draw it

Answer 13

orbit the sun
-sun tiny circle around is earth

Question 14

what is main sequence star

Answer 14

period lifecycle of a star

Question 15

what is supernova - massive star

Answer 15

large star explode because force within it no longer stable balanced

Question 16

how does supernova distrubte universe

Answer 16

explosion of massive star distributes elements throughout universe

Question 17

where are elements heavier than iron produced and why

Answer 17

supernova
after explosion has high enough temperature to produce heavier element than iron

Question 18

what is neutron stars

Answer 18

consistent neutrons densely packed togeher

Question 19

what is black hole

Answer 19

large gravity that not even light can escape

Question 20

cycle of star

Answer 20

cloud of dust and gas -nebula
protostar
main sequence
STAR SAME SIZE - redgiant, white dwarf, black dward
STAR BIGGER - red super giant, supernova, neutron star/black hole

Question 21

explain steps of lifecyle star same size as sun

Answer 21

1. nebula
   2.protostar- collapse of star causes its tempt increase
2. main sequence - helium nuclei fuse togeher, create heavier element that iron
3. red giant-star expand
4. white dwarf- red giant stop fusing helium , star shrinks, no longer fusing, gradually cools down
5. black dward- eventually stop relase energy and forms.

Question 22

steps of star much bigger than sun in lifesycle

Answer 22

1. nebula
   2.protostar- collapse of star causes its tempt increase
2. main sequence - helium nuclei fuse togeher, create heavier element that iron
3. red super giant- star run out hydrogen and leave mainsequence, expand into red giant
4. supernova- stop carrying out nuclear fusion, star explodes
5. neutron star/black hole - after explodes, remain star form one of two object as distrubtes universe.

Question 23

what is elliptical orbit and diagram

Answer 23

planet orbit the sun
-sun tiny circle, around planet

Question 24

what is force of gravity do

Answer 24

hold planets in their orbit

Question 25

earth orbit is...

Answer 25

vertically circular

Question 26

what orbit is moon

Answer 26

circular orbit around the earth

Question 27

diagram of moon orbit, and what does force of gravity do to this

Answer 27

force of gravity holds the moon in its orbit -earth tiny cirlce, around moon -arrow force of gravity

Question 28

what does arrow show

Answer 28

direction orbit is moving - direction, speed, velocity change constant

Question 29

what is artificial satellite

Answer 29

man-made

Question 30

what type use is artifical satellite and how much orbit

Answer 30

type use satellite TV, orbit more frequently for others

Question 31

diagrame of artifical satellite

Answer 31

earth tiny crlce, aritifcal around

Question 32

what is geostationary satellite

Answer 32

orbit once every 24hrs always at earth at same part points

Question 33

what is made out of universe

Answer 33

billion of galaxies - energy and space matters

Question 34

from most distant galaxies what is wavelentgh

Answer 34

observed increase in wavelntgh of light

Question 35

example of astronomers on increase wavelentgh from distant galaxcies

Answer 35

1990s,astronomers were looking at the light emitted from different galaxies, deteced light from very distant galaxies

Question 36

what is red-shift

Answer 36

increase in wavelentgh of light from objects that are moving away from you (wavelenght of light increase - EXAM)

Question 37

redshift further away the galxies..

Answer 37

the faster they are moving, observe increased wavelength

Question 38

what does redshift tells us and causes

Answer 38

that the galaxies are moving away from each other, this cause light waves stretched and observed increase wavelentgh

Question 39

when is bigger redshift

Answer 39

when galaxies further away so galaxies are moving faster than closer galaxes

Question 40

what evidence does redshift provide and supprt

Answer 40

evidence universe is exanding and big bang theory support

Question 41

what is big bang theory

Answer 41

suggest that the universe began from a very small region that was extremely hot and dense

Question 42

since 1998 what does observation of supervoa suggest

Answer 42

that distant galaxies are receding(further away) ever faster

Question 43

what does astronomer suggest from universe growing

Answer 43

assume gravity would cause the expansion of universe to gradually slow down. However, observation of supernova show expanison rate increase

Question 44

what does scientist suggested about matter and energy

Answer 44

suggest universe contain matter and energy that we cant detect - calls it dark matter and dark energy

Question 45

planets in order

Answer 45

mercy, venus, earth, mars, jupiter, saturn, uranus, neptune

Question 46

What is red shift (exam answe)

Answer 46

Wavelength of light increase

Question 47

What is big bang theory (exam )

Answer 47

Universe began at a very small initial point, the expansion causes universe to expand

Question 48

Describe big bang theory (exam)

Answer 48

Starts at singe point, then massive explosion

Question 49

describe black hole (EXAM)

Answer 49

mass with such a high density, electromagnetic radiation

Question 50

increase size in order smallest to largest SUN EARTH MILKY WAY UNIVERSE

Answer 50

earth, sun, mily way, galaxy