SP2 - CLINICAL CHEM Flashcards
Which analyte is SIGNIFICANTLY affected by a change in posture from supine to a sitting or standing position?
a. Protein
b. Calcium
c. Aldosterone
d. Magnesium
Calcium
Which statements refer to Type 1 diabetes?
a. Results from B-cell destruction and usually diagnosed in children.
b. Results from B-cell destruction and usually leads to absolute insulin deficiency, and usually diagnosed in children.
c. Usually leads to absolute insulin deficiency and usually diagnosed in children.
d. Results from B cell destruction and usually leads to absolute insulin deficiency diagnosed in children.
Results from B-cell destruction and usually leads to absolute insulin deficiency, and usually diagnosed in children.
Which are causes of random error?
(1) Temperature of analyzer
(2) Reagent dispensing
(3) Instability of instrument
(4) Calibration differences
a. 1 and 4
b. 2 and 3
c. 1, 2, 3, and 4
d. 1, 2, and 3
1, 2, and 3
Electrolytes, glucose, BUN, Creatinine, and osmolality examinations have been performed on a patient suspected of ingesting ethanol. What can be done to help reveal this condition without additional tests?
a. Determine anion gap
b. Determine glycemic index
c. Compare measured and computed osmolality
d. Compute osmolality
Compare measured and computed osmolality
Which protein is quantified by standard protein electrophoresis?
(1) Fibrinogen
(2) Transferrin
(3) C3
a. 1, 2, and 3
b. 1 and 2
c. 2 and 3
d. 1 and 3
2 and 3
Which of the following refer to 13s?
(1) Range between two observations in the same run exceeds 4 SD
(2) Detects imprecision or systematic bias
(3) Rejected and there will be additional
investigation
(4) One observation exceeds 3 SD from the target
a. 2 and 4
b. 2 and 3
c. 1 and 3
d. 3 and 4
3 and 4
Which statement is NOT true about LH?
a. Acts on Leydig cells which stimulate the production of androgens
b. Involved in the development of corpus luteum, especially in its secreting phase
c. Involved during the formation of gametes
d. Has NO specific function during the development of primary sex organs
Has NO specific function during the development of primary sex organs
Which is a pathologic cause of increased AMS?
a. Acute abdominal disorder
b. Intestinal obstruction
c. Acute pancreatitis
d. Perforated duodenal ulcer
Acute pancreatitis
Which electrolytes are essential components in acid-base balance?
(1) Bicarbonate
(2) Calcium
(3) Potassium
(4) Chloride
a. 1, 3, and 4
b. 1, 2, and 3
c. 1 and 4
d. and 3
1, 3, and 4
Which are acceptable dress code policy
in the laboratory?
(1) comfortable foot wear such as sandals and
flip-flops
(2) clean laboratory coats
(3) minimal use of jewelry
(4) shoulder-length hair pulled back and secured
a. 1 to 4
b. 2, 3, and 4
c. 1 and 2
d. 2 and 3
2, 3, and 4
Which characterizes chronic glomerular nephritis?
(1) slow developing disease
(2) gradual uremia
(3) loss of functioning nephrons
a. 1 and 2
b. 1 and 3
c. 1 and 2
d. 1, 2 and 3
1, 2 and 3
Which illicit drug is commonly referred to as “ecstasy”?
a. Phencyclidine
b. Cocaine
c. Opiates
d. Methylenedioxymethylamphetamine
Methylenedioxymethylamphetamine
Which compares the result obtained for one specimen with the previous results (s) obtained for the same patient?
a. Randomized duplicate specimens
b. Average normals
c. Delta check
d. Pattern recognition
Delta check
Which Immunoassay Method for Thyroxine Testing is referred to? *fluorogenic substrate-labeled thyroxine competing with patient T4 for antibody only unbound, leftover labeled T4 reacts with enzyme to form product reaction is directly proportional to
a. Microparticle Enzyme
b. Chemiluminescence
c. Fluorescent Substrate-Labeled Inhibition
d. Fluorescent Polarization
Fluorescent Substrate-Labeled Inhibition
Which is the MOST likely disease?
- TSH - increase
- T4 (total) - increased
- FT4 - increased
- T3 - increased
a. Secondary hypothyroidism
b. Secondary hyperthyroidism
c. Primary hyperthyroidism
d. Primary hypothyroidism
Secondary hyperthyroidism
Which inhibit growth hormone secretion, except?
a. glucose loading
b. Amino acids
c. thyroxine deficiency
d. insulin deficiency
Amino acids
Which are causes of random error?
(1) Sample evaporation
(2) Electro-optical mechanism
(3) Variation in handling techniques
(4) Variation in operators
a. 1 and 2
b. 3 and 4
c. 1, 2, 3, and 4
d. 1, 3, and 4
1, 2, 3, and 4
Which serve as first responders to stress by acting within seconds?
a. Cortisol
b. DHEA
c. Aldosterone
d. Catecholamine
Catecholamine
A substance that can yield a hydrogen ion (H) or hydronium ion when dissolved in water is a
a. buffer
b. alkali
c. acid excess
d. acid
acid
Lithium is a
a. CNS stimulant
b. CNS depressant
c. hallucinogen
d. antidepressant
antidepressant
Which hyponatremia is NOT caused by increased sodium loss?
a. Potassium deficiency
b. Diuretic use
c. Renal failure
d. Severe burns
Renal failure
Which test conveys information on hepatocellular damage
and necrosis (liver)
a. Transaminases
b. Albumin
c. Bilirubin
d. Ammonia
Transaminases
Which is an indicator of error in the analysis, detected by a progressive drift of control values in one direction for at
least 5 consecutive runs?
a. Shift
b. Contraction
c. Dispersion
d. Trend
Trend
Glucose measurement using the reducing substances approach may be erroneously higher by ____ mg/dL
compared to the enzymatic method?
a. 5-15
b. 25-30
c. 15-25
d. 10-20
5-15
Which are acute phase reactants?
(1) Alpha-acid glycoprotein
(2) Alpha-antitrypsin
(3) C-reactive protein
a. 2 and 3
b. 1, 2, and 3
c. 1 and 3
d. 1 and 2
1, 2, and 3
The major role of regulation of water balance in the body is attributed to which cation?
a. Sodium
b. Calcium
c. Potassium
d. Chloride
Sodium
Which are considered a medical emergency?
(1) Ketoacidosis
(2) Glycosuria
(3) Marked hyperkalemia
a. 1 and 2
b. 1 and 3
c. 2 and 3
d. 1, 2, and 3
1 and 3
A comprehensive program in an institution in which all areas of operation are monitored to ensure quality with the aim of providing the highest quality patient care is quality ________
a. assessment
b. control
c. assurance
d. systems
assurance
During drug administration, the spread of drug via the circulatory system to organs and tissues throughout the
body is _________
a. elimination
b. absorption
c. metabolism
d. distribution
distribution
Which is NOT attributed to Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome?
a. Hirsutism
b. Infertility
c. Obesity
d. Myxedema
Myxedema
The 3-day old neonate, recently discharged from a delivery suite, had inadequate protein feeding for the next
24 hours after discharged. What will be the effect on the thyroxine levels compared to the normal reference
ranges?
a. Higher
b. Indeterminate
c. Nothing
d. Lower
Lower
Positive displacement pipet:
a. With no air cushion
b. All of the items
c Can pipette high density samples
d. Aspiration force remains constant
All of the items
Which is a COMMONLY used clearance test used as a rough estimate of glomerular filtration rate?
a. eGFR
b. Inulin
c. CKD-EPI
d. Creatinine
Creatinine
What is the value of 200 mg/dL, glucose in mmol/L?
a. 8.5
b. 10.50
c. 11.0
d. 13.75
11.0
For 40 years old and above, there is moderate risk of developing coronary heart disease when cholesterol is
greater than ________
a. 240 mg/dL
b. 280 mg/dL
c. 200 mg/dL
d. 260 mg/dL
240 mg/dL
HCG kit for pregnancy uses:
a. Immunochromatography
b. Colorimetry
c. Turbidimetry
d. Electrochemistry
Immunochromatography
Cleaning surface with disinfectant:
a. Administrative control
b. Engineering control
c. PPE
d. Emergency kit
Administrative control
Not a physical hazard
a. Ergonomic
b. Noise
c. Aerosol from centrifugation
d. Opened shoes
Aerosol from centrifugation
Not included in the SDS or MSDS
a. Spill and disposal procedures
b. Primary routes of entry
c. Special information center
d. Education of employees annually and catalog number
Education of employees annually and catalog number
___ of radiant energy emitted falls in the visible region, with most emitted as near-infrared
a. 10%
b. 15%
c. 5%
d. 20%
15%
Green color shows highest transmittance at
a. 525 nm
b. 450 nm
c. 600 nm
d. 750 nm
525 nm
Preferred unit for reporting:
a. mg/dL
b. mol/L
c. mmol/L
d. umol/L
mol/L
Has random access system?
a. Continuous flow
b. Centrifugal
c. Discrete
d. AOTA
Discrete
What should be done if re-centrifuging is necessary?
a. Re-spin the primary tube
b. Re-spin in cold centrifuge
c. Transfer the serum to another tube, then re-spin
d. Re-spin if the tube is gel tube
Transfer the serum to another tube, then re-spin
Violation of which rule does not indicate systematic error?
a. 13s
b. 41s
c. 10 mean
d. 22s
13s
The concept of treating all blood and body fluids as capable of transmitting infectious diseases is
a. Safe practice standards
b. Infection control
c. Universal precautions
d. Safety protocol
Universal precautions
The gram-molecular weight of NaCl is 57.5. What is the molarity of a solution containing 75 g of NaCl per liter?
a. 1.3
b. 1.7
c. 1.0
d. 1.6
1.3
The usual lipid studies require fasting for ____ hours
a. 12
b. 10
c. 9
d. 6
12
Which does NOT refer to IDDM?
a. Age of onset - usually before 20 years of age
b. Serum insulin - very low
c. None of the items
d. Presence of ketone bodies - usuall
None of the items
Which formula is used to estimate osmolality?
a. Osmolality = [Na+] + [urea] + [glucose]
b. Osmolality = [Na+] + [urea] + 2 x [glucose]
c. Osmolality = [Na+] + 2 x [urea] + [glucose]
d. Osmolality = 2 x [Na+] + [urea] + [glucose]
Osmolality = 2 x [Na+] + [urea] + [glucose]
Which immunoassay method for Thyroxine Testing is
referred to?
- fluorophozelabeled thyroxine competes with patient thyroxine for antibody
- antibody bound labelled thryoxine rotates slowly, emitting lower energy light
*reaction is inversely proportional
a. Microparticle enzyme
b. Fluorescent Polarization
c. Fluorescent Substrate-Labeled Inhibition
d. Chemiluminescence
Fluorescent Polarization
