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Sp > sp. preterite (past) verb tense, here and there recap, demonstrative, adjectives > Flashcards

sp. preterite (past) verb tense, here and there recap, demonstrative, adjectives Flashcards

1
Q

What is the preterite tense in Spanish?

A

A
The preterite is one of two past tenses in Spanish. It is associated with a single action that is terminated and complete, rather than an action that was ongoing for a period of time.

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2
Q

I studied with my cousins

A

Estudié con mis primos

I studied - estudié

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3
Q

Do you think that I studied last night? Because I didn’t study

A

A
¿Piensas que estudié anoche?
Porque no estudié

last night - anoche

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4
Q

That is not true; María did not study with my sister. She studied with my cousin

A

A
Eso no es verdad; María no estudió con mi hermana.
Estudió con mi primo

he/she studied - estudió

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5
Q

Rodrigo, did you study with your girlfriend?

A

A
Rodrigo, ¿estudiaste con tu novia?

you studied - estudiaste

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6
Q

Since Raquel did not study yesterday, she is scared to take the test today

A

A
Como Raquel no estudió ayer, entonces tiene miedo de tomar el examen hoy

yesterday - ayer

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7
Q

What are you saying? We did study yesterday!

A

A
¿Qué dices? ¡Nosotros sí estudiamos ayer!

we studied - estudiamos

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8
Q

You (vosotros) did not study last night

A

A
Vosotros no estudiasteis anoche

you (vosotros) studied - estudiasteis

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9
Q

Mike and Ricardo studied for their art test

A

A
Mike y Ricardo estudiaron para su examen de arte

they, you (uds) studied - estudiaron

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10
Q

TO STUDY (Preterite Tense)
* I studied
* You studied
* He/She studied
* We studied
* You studied
* They studied

A

A
ESTUDIAR (Tiempo Pretérito)
* Yo estudié
* Tú estudiaste
* Él/Ella/Ud estudió
* Nosotros estudiamos
* Vosotros estudiasteis
* Ellos/Ellas/Uds estudiaron

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11
Q

What are the endings of regular - ar verbs (such as estudiar) conjugated in the preterite?

A

A
Regular Preterite -ar endings
* -é (yo)
* -aste (tú)
* -ó (él, ella, usted)
* -amos (nosotros)
* -asteis (vosotros)
* -aron (ellos, ellas)

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12
Q

I did not learn anything this year. Did you?

A

A
No aprendí nada este año, ¿y tú?

I learned - aprendí.

Note that -í is the regular preterite ending for both -er and -ir verbs in the first person singluar form (yo)

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13
Q

Miguel, you didn’t learn anything in this class

A

A
Miguel, tú no aprendiste nada en esta clase
you learned - aprendiste

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14
Q

Monica and I learned to drive yesterday

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A
Monica y yo aprendimos a conducir ayer

we learned – aprendimos

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15
Q

Did you (vosotros) learn how to cook at home?

A

A
¿Aprendisteis a cocinar en casa?

you (vosotros) learned - aprendisteis

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16
Q

They say that they didn’t learn anything this year

A

A
Dicen que no aprendieron nada este año

they learned - aprendieron

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17
Q

TO LEARN (Preterite Tense)
* I learned
* You learned
* He/She learned
* We learned
* You learned
* They learned

A

A
APRENDER (Tiempo pretérito)
* Yo aprendí
* Tú aprendiste
* Él/Ella/Ud aprendió
* Nosotros aprendimos
* Vosotros aprendisteis
* Ellos/Ellas/Uds aprendieron

18
Q

What are the endings of regular - er and -ir verbs (such as aprender) conjugated in the preterite?

A

A
Regular Preterite -er and -ir endings
* -í (yo)
* -iste (tú)
* -ió (él, ella, usted)
* -imos (nosotros)
* -isteis (vosotros)
* -ieron (ellos, ellas)

19
Q

This is the last dessert that we have

A

A
Este es el último postre que tenemos

last - último. Note that último can be used as both an adjective and as an adverb

20
Q

Did you learn anything last year?

A

A
¿Aprendiste algo el año pasado?

last year - el año pasado. Note that that you are literally saying “the year past”. This would apply whenever you are talking about time that has gone by, such as a year, a month, or a week: el año pasado, el mes pasado, or la semana pasada

21
Q

I lived in Spain last year

A

A
Yo viví en Spain el año pasado

I lived - viví. Note that vivir follows a regular -ir ending pattern of conjugation in the preterite

22
Q

Marcos, did you live in a big house?

A

A
Marcos, ¿viviste en una casa grande?

you lived – viviste

23
Q

Our professor lived in this building right here

A

A
Nuestro profesor vivió en este edificio aquí

he/she lived – vivió

24
Q

We never lived in Spain; we lived in Chile

A

A
Nunca vivimos en España; vivimos en Chile
we lived - vivimos

25
Q

Alejandro says that you (vosotros) lived with your grandmother

A

A
Alejandro dice que vosotros vivisteis con vuestra abuela

you (vosotros) lived - vivisteis

26
Q

Did Pepe, Esperanza, and Xavier live there?

A

A
¿Vivieron allí Pepe, Esperanza y Xavier?

they lived – vivieron

27
Q

We watched a movie last night

A

A
Vimos una película anoche

movie - la película

27
Q

TO LIVE (Preterite Tense)
* I lived
* You lived
* He/She lived
* We lived
* You lived
* They lived

A

A
VIVIR (Tiempo Pretérito)
* Yo viví
* Tú viviste
* Él/Ella/Ud vivió
* Nosotros vivimos
* Vosotros vivisteis
* Ellos/Ellas/Uds vivieron

Remember that the conjugation of regular -ir verbs in the preterite is the same as for -er verbs

27
Q

Carmen never cleaned the kitchen

A

A
Carmen nunca limpió la cocina

to clean – limpiar

28
Q

The movie ended at midnight

A

A
La película terminó a medianoche

to end - terminar

29
Q

I already sent the letter

A

A
Ya mandé la carta

to send, to command - mandar.

Remember that we can use both enviar and mandar to mean “to send”

30
Q

You never sent the email

A

A
Nunca mandaste el correo electrónico

email - el correo electrónico.

Note that correo also means regular “mail”, and that some countries simply use the English word “email” in their Spanish conversation

31
Q

Did Jaime receive the email?

A

A
¿Recibió Jaime el correo electrónico?

Note that Spanish does not have an equivalent helping verb to the English word “Did”. Instead, we simply begin the question with the conjugated verb, and place the subject directly after it

32
Q

My sister’s baby is going to be born in three days

A

A
El bebé de mi hermana va a nacer en tres días

to be born - nacer

33
Q

My grandmother was born ninety-nine years ago

A

A
Mi abuela nació hace noventa y nueve años

(length of time) ago - hace (medida de tiempo)

34
Q

And the man came out suddenly

A

A
Y el hombre salió de repente

suddenly - de repente

35
Q

The female students are over here with us

A

A
Las estudiantes están acá con nosotros

over here - acá

36
Q

What are the uses of aquí, acá, allí, and allá?

A

A
* aquí, acá –>“here”. The variation in meaning depends on the country
* allí –>“there” and means that something is less near
* allá –>“over there” and means that something is farther

37
Q
  • I do not want that orange; I want that one that is way over there
    *
A

A
* No quiero esa naranja; quiero aquella que está allá
* that one - aquel. Note that aquel expresses that the object is far away. Also note that the plural for aquel is aquellos

38
Q

What is the meaning of este, esta, esto and their respective plural forms?

A

A
* este –> masculine for “this”; estos–> masculine plural for “these”
* esta –> feminine for “this”; estas –> feminine plural for “these”
* esto –> gender neutral for “this” and is never followed by a noun
* éste –> masculine for “this one”; éstos –> masculine plural for “these ones”. They are never followed by a noun
* ésta –> feminine for “this one”; éstas –> feminine plural for “these ones”. They are never followed by a noun

39
Q

What is the meaning of ese, esa, eso and their respective plural forms?

A

A
* ese –> masculine for “that”; esos –> masculine plural for “those”
* esa –> feminine for “that” ; esas –> feminine plural for “those”
* eso –> gender neutral for “that” and is never followed by a noun

40
Q

What is the meaning of aquel, aquella, aquello and their respective plural forms?

A

A
* aquel –> masculine for “that one over there”; aquellos –> masculine plural for “those over there”
* aquella –> feminine for “that one over there”; aquellas –> feminine plural for “those over there”
* aquello –> gender neutral for “that over there” and is never followed by a noun

Sp (10 decks)

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