Southwest Flashcards
MASTERS QUESTION – WHAT IS VIEUX CAHORS?
Vieux Cahors must be aged 3 years in oak.
The Wines of Southwest France: (South of the Bordeaux satellites of the Dordogne)
MASTERS QUESTION – WHAT IS THE MAIN GRAPE OF CAHORS? – ASKED SEVEN TIMES SINCE 2004
Minimum 70% Cot (aka: Auxerrois / Malbec), plus Merlot and Tannat
NO CABERNET SAUVIGNON OR FRANC
MASTERS QUESTION – WHERE WOULD YOU FIND THE RIVER LOT?
Cahors
Famous “Black Wines”
MASTERS QUESTION –WHAT IS CAHORS EXCELLENCE AND CHARTE DE QUALITÉ?
“Cahors Excellence” and new quality charter, producers’ adhering to the following may label their wines as Cahors Excellence.
Labels with the mention “Cahors Excellence” or “Charte de qualité”(quality charter) are attributed to wines having passed these hurdles successfully.
The award is reexamined every year with new tastings.
- Regulate their output
(40 hl/ha vs. the 60 max authorized) - Control all the stages of elaboration
- Wine aged a min of 16 mos. then submit to a tasting by jury.
MASTERS QUESTION – WHAT IS THE GRAPE AND STYLE OF GAILLAC ROUGE PRIMEUR?
Gaillac Rouge Primeur is 100% Gamay vinified by Carbonic Maceration
MASTERS QUESTION – WHAT IS THE GRAPE AND STYLE OF GAILLAC PREMIÈRES CÔTES MADE IN?
Dry Whites Only
Min 50% combo of Len de l’El, Mauzac and Muscadelle + 50% max SB and Ondenc
Comes from 11 delimited communes
Min 11% abv and 4 g/l RS
MASTERS QUESTION – WHAT ARE THE GRAPES AND STYLE OF GAILLAC DOUX?
Sweet Wines of Gailac.They are sweet by being VT wines.
Composed of Len de l’El, Mauzac and Ondenc
MASTERS QUESTION – WHAT IS THE GRAPES OF GAILLAC MÉTHODE ANCESTRALE?
Mauzac and Mauzac Rosé only
Made by Méthode Gaillacoise, which is Méthode Rurale.
This method is a variant of Méthode Ancestral
MASTERS QUESTION –WHAT ARE THE MAIN GRAPE AND % OF MARCILLAC?
Rosé & Red:
Min. 90% Fer, plus Prunelard, Cabernet Sauvignon and Merlot
MASTERS QUESTION –WHAT STYLES OF WINE ARE MADE IN MARCILLAC?
Red & Rose only. Composed of min 90% Fer.
Located south of the river lot in the outer, eastern part of Southwest France. Peppery red wine.
MASTERS QUESTION –
WHAT STYLES ARE MADE IN CÔTES DU MARMANDAIS?
Red, Rosé & White:
10%ABV
White: Sauvignon Blanc, Sauvignon Gris, and a max. 30% combined Sémillon and Muscadelle
Rosé:
Principal Varieties: Max. 85% combined Cabernet Sauvignon, Cabernet Franc, and Merlot
Accessory Varieties: Max. 50% combined Abouriou, Cot, Fer, Gamay, and Syrah
Rouge: As for Rosé
MASTERS QUESTION –
WHAT ARE THE GRAPES OF CÔTES DU MARMANDAIS ROUGE?
Red & Rosé :
Max 85% combo Cab Sauv. Cab Franc and Merlot
+ max 50% combo Syrah, Fer
MASTERS QUESTION –WHAT IS THE MAIN GRAPE, PERCENTAGE AND STYLE OF FRONTON AOP?
Styles and Encépagement:
Rosé:
Principal Variety: Min. 50% Négrette
Accessory Varieties: Max. 40% Syrah, max. 25% Cot (Malbec), max. 25% Fer, max. 25% combined Cabernet Franc and Cabernet Sauvignon, max. 15% Gamay, max. 5% combined Cinsault and Mérille
Rouge: As for Rosé
Through 2018, Mérille and Cinsault may be at a combined max. 10%. Mauzac Blanc is allowed through the 2011 harvest.
Assemblage: Négrette must account for at least 40% of the blend.
MASTERS QUESTION –WHAT STYLES OF WINE ARE MADE IN FRONTON?
Red and Rosé Only from a minimal of 50% Negrette
MASTERS QUESTION – WHAT IS AOP OF SOUTHWEST FRANCE IS STRICTLY A VDL? WHAT STYLES DO THEY MAKE?
Floc de Gascogne, VDL of Armagnac. Comes in both white and Red styles.
Styles and Encépagement
Vin de Liqueur Blanc:
Principal Varieties: Min. 70% combined Colombard, Gros Manseng, Ugni Blanc (no single variety may exceed 50%)
Accessory Varieties: Baroque, Folle Blanche, Mauzac, Petit Manseng, Sauvignon Blanc, Sauvignon Gris, Sémillon
Vin de Liqueur Rosé: Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon, Fer, Merlot, Cot (Malbec), and a max. 50% Tannat
Assemblage:
Vin de Liqueur Blanc: Min. 2 varieties
Vin de Liqueur Rosé: Single variety (except Tannat) or blended
Minimum/Maximum Alcohol: 16-18%
Minimum Must Weight: 170 g/l
Enrichment: Chaptalization is prohibited
Mutage: Fortification with Armagnac of at least 52% abv.
MASTERS QUESTION – WHAT STYLES OF WINE ARE MADE FOR ST. SARDOS?
Styles and Encépagement: Rosé and Rouge
Principal Varieties: Min. 40% Syrah and min. 20% Tannat
Accessory Varieties: Cabernet Franc and a max. 15% Merlot
MASTERS QUESTION – WHAT STYLES OF WINE ARE MADE FOR COTEAUX DU QUERCY?
Styles and Encépagement:
Rosé: 40-60% Cabernet Franc, max. 25% Cot, max. 25% Merlot, max. 25% Tannat, max. 10% Gamay
Rouge: As for Rosé
Gamay may account for 20% or less of the vineyard (and the blend) through the 2016 harvest, and 15% of the vineyard (and the blend) from 2017-2021
Assemblage:
Rosé: 40-90% Cabernet Franc
Rouge: 40-70% Cabernet Franc, plus a max. 25% each Cot, Tannat, and Merlot; plus max. 10% Gamay
Minimum Potential Alcohol: 11%
MASTERS QUESTION- WHAT STYLE OF WINE IS MADE IN GAILLAC PREMIERES COTES AOP?
Gaillac Premières Côtes AOP: Dry Whites Only
Styles and Encépagement:
Blanc: Min. 50% combined Mauzac, Mauzac Rosé, Len de l’El, and Muscadelle; plus max. 50% combined Sauvignon Blanc and Ondenc
MASTERS QUESTION- WHAT STYLES OF WINE IS MADE IN COTE DE DURAS?
Styles and Encépagement:
Blanc: Muscadelle, Sauvignon Blanc, Sauvignon Gris, Sémillon, Chenin Blanc, Ondenc, Mauzac, plus a max. 25% combined Colombard (max. 10%) and Ugni Blanc (these two grapes may not exceed the combined amount of Sauvignon Blanc and Gris)
Blanc “Sec”
Rosé: Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon, Cot, Merlot
Rouge: As for Rosé
Assemblage: Wines may be blended or produced from a single variety. For white wines, the combined amount of Colombard and Ugni Blanc may not exceed 50% of the blend, and Colombard may not exceed 10% of the blend.
Minimum Potential Alcohol:
Blanc Sec/Rosé/Rouge: 10.5%
Blanc: 11.5% (10.5% acquired)
MASTERS QUESTION- WHAT STYLES OF WINE ARE MADE IN COTES MARMANDAISE?
Styles and Encépagement:
Blanc: Sauvignon Blanc, Sauvignon Gris, and a max. 30% combined Sémillon and Muscadelle
Rosé:
Principal Varieties: Max. 85% combined Cabernet Sauvignon, Cabernet Franc, and Merlot
Accessory Varieties: Max. 50% combined Abouriou, Cot, Fer, Gamay and Syrah
Rouge: As for Rosé
MASTERS QUESTION- WHAT ARE THE RED AND ROSE ONLY AOP’S OF SOUTHWEST FRANCE?
- Coteaux de Quercy- Rosé: 40-90% Cabernet Franc
Rouge: 40-70% Cabernet Franc. - St. Sardos- Min. 40% Syrah and min. 20% Tannat
- Fronton- Négrette must account for at least 50% of the blend.
- Marcillac- Minimum 90% Fer
- Brulhois- Min. 70% combined Cabernet Franc, Merlot and Tannat (15-40%)
MASTERS QUESTION- WHAT ARE THE PRINCIPLE RED GRAPES OF COTES DU MILLAU?
Red: Syrah & Gamay (min 30% each)
Rose: Gamay (min 50%)
MASTERS QUESTION- WHAT AOP’S USE NEGRETTE AS THE PRIMARY GRAPE?
Fronton- Min 50%
MASTERS QUESTION- WHAT 2 AOP’S IN SOUTHWEST FRANCE CAN MAKE V.T. WINES?
Gaillac & Jurancon
MASTERS QUESTION- WHAT ARE THE GRAPES FOR GAILLAC V.T. WINES?
Len de l’El and Ondenc
MASTERS QUESTION- WHAT ARE ALL THE STYLES MADE IN GAILLAC? 8 IN TOTAL
(3 WH/ 1 ROSE/ 1R/ 3 MOUSSX)
Blanc: 10.5% Blanc Doux: 12.5% (10% acquired) Blanc VT: 17% (11% acquired) Primeur Rouge: 10.5% Rosé/Rouge: 11% VIn Mousseux: 9% Vin Mousseux Méthode Ancestrale: 9% (8% acquired) Vin Mousseux Doux: 11% (7% acquired)
MASTERS QUESTION- WHERE WOULD YOU FIND THE GRAPE PRUNELARD?
Marcillac, It is an auxiliary grape of the AOP that is red in color.
MASTERS QUESTION- WHAT IS THE CABERNET FRANC BASED AOP OF SOUTHWEST FRANCE?
Coteaux de Quercy
Red and Rose only
Styles and Encépagement:
Rosé: 40-60% Cabernet Franc, max. 25% Cot, max. 25% Merlot, max. 25% Tannat, max. 10% Gamay
Rouge: As for Rosé
Gamay may account for 20% or less of the vineyard (and the blend) through the 2016 harvest, and 15% of the vineyard (and the blend) from 2017-2021
Assemblage:
Rosé: 40-90% Cabernet Franc
Rouge: 40-70% Cabernet Franc, plus a max. 25% each Cot, Tannat, and Merlot; plus max. 10% Gamay
MASTERS QUESTION- WHAT ARE THE CHENIN BLANC BASED AOP’S IN SOUTHWEST FRANCE?
Entraygues-Le Fel
Estaing
MASTERS QUESTION WHAT ARE THE GRAPES AND STYLES OF ESTRAYGUES-LE FEL?
Styles and Encépagement:
Blanc: Min. 90% Chenin Blanc, plus Mauzac and Saint-Côme
Rosé: Min. 50% Fer; min. 10% combined Cabernet Franc and Cabernet Sauvignon; max. 15% combined Mouyssaguès and Négret de Banhars
Rouge: As for Rosé
Assemblage:
Blanc: per encépagement
Rosé: Min. 85% combined Fer, Cabernet Franc and Cabernet Sauvignon. No variety may exceed 60% of the blend.
Rouge: Min. 2 varieties. Min. 40% Fer, and min. 10% combined Cabernet Sauvignon and Cabernet Franc.
MASTERS QUESTION- WHAT ARE THE GRAPES AND STYLES OF ESTAING?
Styles and Encépagement:
Blanc: Min. 50% Chenin Blanc, Min. 10% Mauzac, Max. 25% Saint-Côme (Rousselou)
Rosé:
Principal Varieties: Min. 50% combined Gamay and Fer (min. 30%)
Complementary Varieties: Min. 10% combined Cabernet Sauvignon and Cabernet Franc
Accessory Varieties: Max. 30% combined Abouriou (Saint-Laurent), Castet, Duras, Merlot, Mouyssaguès, Négret de Banhars, Pinot Noir
Rouge: As per Rosé
Assemblage:
Blanc: Min. 50% Chenin Blanc, min. 10% Mauzac, max. 20% Saint-Côme
Rosé: Min. 2 varieties. 50-80% Gamay, and the presence of one of the complementary varieties in the blend is mandatory.
Rouge: Min. 3 varieties. Min. 50% combined Gamay and Fer, and min. 30% Fer.
MASTERS QUESTION- WHAT ARE THE RED GRAPES OF GAILLAC?
Rosé:
Principal Varieties: Min. 60% combined Syrah, Duras, and Fer (min. 40% combined Duras and Fer, min. 10% each is required)
Accessory Varieties: Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon, Gamay, Merlot, and a max. 10% Prunelard
Rouge: As for Rosé
Rouge Primeur: 100% Gamay (vinified by carbonic maceration)
MASTERS QUESTION- WHAT ARE THE GRAPES AND STYLES OF ST. MONT?
Styles and Encépagement:
Blanc:
Principal Variety: Min. 50% Gros Manseng
Complementary Varieties: Min. 20% combined Arrufiac and Petit Courbu
Accessory Varieties: Courbu, Petit Manseng
Rosé: As per Rouge, with the possible addition of a max. 10% white varieties
Rouge:
Principal Variety: Min. 60% Tannat
Complementary Varieties: Min. 20% combined Cabernet Sauvignon and Fer
Accessory Varieties: Cabernet Franc, Merlot
Assemblage:
Blanc: Min. 50% Gros Manseng, and both complementary varieties must be present in the blend.
Rosé: Min. 50% Tannat, and both complementary varieties must be present in the blend. No variety may exceed 70%, and the white grapes may not exceed a combined 10%.
Rouge: Min. 50% Tannat, and both complementary varieties must be present in the blend.
MASTERS QUESTION- WHAT ARE THE GRAPES AND STYLES OF TURSAN?
Styles and Encépagement:
Blanc: Principal Varieties (20-60% each): Baroque and Gros Manseng Accessory Varieties (Max. 30% combined): Max. 10% Claverie, max. 10% Raffiat de Moncade, plus max. 20% combined Petit Manseng, Chenin Blanc, Sauvignon Blanc and Sauvignon Gris
Rosé: Principal Varieties (20-60% each): Cabernet Franc and Tannat Accessory Varieties (Max. 30% combined): Max. 10% Merlot, plus max. 20% combined Cabernet Sauvignon and Fer
Rouge: As for Rosé
MASTERS QUESTION- WHAT ARE THE GRAPES AND STYLES OF BRULHOIS?
Styles and Encépagement: Rosé and Rouge
Principal Varieties: Min. 70% combined Cabernet Franc, Merlot and Tannat (15-40%)
Complementary Varieties: Min. 10% combined Cabernet Sauvignon, Cot (Malbec) and Fer-Servadou
Accessory Variety: Max. 10% Abouriou
MASTERS QUESTION- WHAT ARE THE GRAPES AND STYLES OF BUZET?
Styles and Encépagement:
Blanc:
Principal Varieties: Muscadelle, Sauvignon Blanc, Sauvignon Gris, Sémillon
Accessory Varieties: Max. 10% combined Colombard, Petit Manseng, and Gros Manseng
Rosé:
Principal Varieties: Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon, Cot, Merlot
Accessory Varieties: Max. 10% combined Abouriou and Petit Verdot
Rouge: As for Rosé
MASTERS QUESTION- WHAT ARE THE WHITE WINE ONLY AOP’S OF SOUTHWEST FRANCE?
Jurançon (Pyrénées Atlantique) Pacherenc-du-Vic-Bilh (Pyrénées Atlantique) Gaillac Premier Cotes (SW France) Monbazillac (Dordogne) Rosette (Dordogne) Saussignac (Dordogne)
MASTERS QUESTION- WHAT ARE THE RED ONLY AOP’S OF SOUTHWEST FRANCE?
Madiran
Pecharmant
Cahor
MASTERS QUESTION- WHAT ARE THE GAMAY BASED AOP’S OF SOUTHWEST FRANCE?
Gaillac Rouge Premieur (100%)
Estaing (min 50%)
MASTERS QUESTION- WHAT ARE THE TANNAT BASED AOP’S OF SOUTHWEST FRANCE?
St. Mont (min 60%)-E
Madiran (min 50%)-A
Tursan (min 20-60%)-E
Brulhois (min 15-40%)-E
MASTERS QUESTION- WHAT ARE THE FER BASED AOP’S OF SOUTHWEST FRANCE?
Marcillac (min 90%)
Estraygues Le Fel (min 40%)
MASTERS QUESTION- WHAT ARE THE COMMUNES OF SOUTHWEST FRANCE?
(11 total)
Côtes du Duras Côtes du Marmandais Côtes de Millau Entraygues Le Fel Estaing Marcillac Cahor Buzet Brulhois Fronton Gaillac
MASTERS QUESTION- METHODE GAILLACOISE IS SIMILAR TO WHAT OTHER STYLE?
Méthode Rurale. This method is a variant of Méthode Ancestral
MASTERS QUESTION- OF ALL THE AOP’S SPECIFICALLY IN THE SW FRANCE APPELLATION, WHICH ONES MAKE WINE USING SPECIFICALLY BORDEAUX VARIETALS?
BUZET & COTES DU DURAS
BUZET:
Blanc:
Principal Varieties: Muscadelle, Sauvignon Blanc, Sauvignon Gris, Sémillon
Rosé:
Principal Varieties: Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon, Cot, Merlot
Rouge: As for Rosé
COTES DU DURAS:
Blanc: Muscadelle, Sauvignon Blanc, Sauvignon Gris, Sémillon, Chenin Blanc, Ondenc, Mauzac
Blanc “Sec”
Rosé: Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon, Cot, Merlot
Rouge: As for Rosé
