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Champagne Flashcards

1
Q

CORDON DU ROYAT IS USED FOR WHAT SPECIFIC GRAPE VARIETAL?

A

Chardonnay from 1er or Grand Cru.

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2
Q

IN WHAT DISTRICT IS OIRY?

A

Côte des Blancs- Grand Cru ‘85

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3
Q

IN WHAT DISTRICT IS CHOUILLY?

A

Côte des Blancs- Grand Cru ‘85

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4
Q

MASTERS QUESTION- WHAT ARE THE DOSAGE LEVELS FOR CHAMPAGNE?

A

(Pre 2010) / (Post 2010)
Brut Nature: 0-3
Extra Brut: 0-6
Brut: 0-15/ 0-12 *(allowed a 3g/l buffer)
Extra Dry: 12-20/ 12-17
Sec: 17-35/ 17-32
Demi-Sec: 33-50/ 32-50
Doux: 50 Plus

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5
Q

WHAT IS THE MOST PLANTED GRAPE IN CHAMPAGNE? WHAT ARE THE OTHERS?

A

As of the 2012 harvest they are:
Pinot Noir @ 38%
Pinot Menuier @ 32%
Chardonnay @ 30%

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6
Q

WHAT ARE THE TWO PRESSES USED IN CHAMPAGNE?

A
  1. Pressoir Couquard, is the classic vertical Champagne press (Basket Press)
  2. Whilmes Pneumatic Presses are common (Bladder Press)

The standard size press in Champagne holds a marc=4000 kg.

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7
Q

WHAT ARE THE CURRENT YIELDS FOR CHAMPAGNE?

A

8,000 Kg/Ha- Prior to 2009

10,400 Kg/Ha- Current Standing

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8
Q

WHAT IS THE AGING REQUIREMENT FOR NV CHAMPAGNE?
(BE SPECIFIC)

A

Minimum of 15 months for non-vintage (including the 12 months spent on lees= aka:tirage)

three years for vintage (including 12 months on the lees)

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9
Q

WHICH ONE IS FURTHER EAST:
AY
MAREUIL-SUR-AY

A

Mareuil-sur-Ay, Valle de la Marne

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10
Q

WHERE WOULD YOU FIND THE FOLLOWING PRODUCERS AND WHAT IS THE MAIN GRAPE ASSOCIATED WITH THEM:

MICHEL ARNOULD
GODME
JEAN LALLEMENT
PEHU-SIMONET

A

Verzenay, Montagne de Reims, Pinot Noir and Pinot Meunier

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11
Q

WHAT IS THE PRIMARY GRAPE OF THE MONTAGNE DE REIMS?

A

Pinot Noir

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12
Q

WHO MAKES NOBLE CUVÉE?

A

Lanson 50/50 Chrd and PN Oaked 1979

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13
Q

WHAT 5 CHAMPAGNE VILLAGES WERE ELEVATED TO GRAND CRU STATUS IN 1985?

A

Montagne de Reims: Verzy (’85)

Côte des Blancs:
Chouilly (’85 White Grapes only)
Oiry (’85)
Oger (’85)
Le-Mesnil-sur-Oger (’85)

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14
Q

WHERE IS LOUVOIS?

A

Montagne de Reims- Grand Cru

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15
Q

WHAT IS A CARNET DE PRESSOIR?

A

This is what is used to record every 4000 kg “marc”, noting grape variety, cru and destination

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16
Q

WHAT WERE THE DOSAGE CATEGORY LEVELS PRE 2010?

A

(Pre 2010)
Brut Nature: 0-3
Extra Brut: 0-6
Brut: 0-15
Extra Dry: 12-20
Sec: 17-35
Demi-Sec: 33-50
Doux: 50 Plus

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17
Q

WHO MAKES LES BARRES AND WHERE IS IT FROM?

A

Chartogne Taillet, Merfy

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18
Q

WHAT IS THE 1ST COMMERCIAL BOTTLING OF CRISTAL?

A

1945- 1st Commercial Bottling

1876- Was the 1st Vintage

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19
Q

WHERE WOULD YOU FIND THE FOLLOWING AND WHAT IS THE MAIN GRAPE ASSOCIATED WITH THEM:

AYALA
BOLLINGER
DEUTZ
GATINOIS
RENE GEOFFROY
HENRI GOURTORBE

A

Ay, Valle de la Marne, Pinot Noir

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20
Q

WHAT IS A GYROPALLET? WHAT DOES IT DO AND IN HOW LONG?

A

A Gyropallet - holds 504 bottles. Performs the task in 8 days.

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21
Q

WHAT IS EN FOULE/ PROVENAGE AND WHO USES THIS?

A

This is an old pre-phyloxera method of vine propagation. Canes are planted in the ground. This is done with Bollinger’s Cuvee Vieille Vignes Francaises which is 100 + year pre phylloxera vines that are trained using the provenage method.

It was classically done in Loire Valley, Champagne and Burgundy.

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22
Q

WHAT ARE THE BREAKDOWNS FOR THE ÉCHELLE DES CRU?

A

100% = Grands Crus
90-99% = Premiers Crus
80-89% = Crus

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23
Q

WHERE IS CUMIÈRES?

A

Vallée de la Marne- 1er Cru

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24
Q

WHAT OTHER WINES ARE PRODUCED USING THE CHARMAT METHOD?

A

Asti DOCG and Prosecco is made this way.

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25
Q

WHAT IS MA ON CHAMPAGNE?

A

MA (Marque d’ Acheteur) Buyer Brand

  • A buyer’s own brand
  • Often a large supermarket chain or restaurant, that purchases champagne & sells it under it’s own label
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26
Q

AY IS LOCATED NEAR WHAT RIVER?

A

Marne River

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27
Q

WHEN WAS THE SPECIAL CLUB CREATED?

A

1971

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28
Q

WHAT ARE THE REQUIREMENTS TO BELONG TO THE SPECIAL CLUB?

A
  1. The “Special Club” is the top-of-the-range, prestige cuvée for all members
  2. The Club Trésors will declare a vintage as being worthy of “Special Club” prestige cuvées, then each member may decide individually whether or not to produce a “Special Club” wine
  3. All base wines and finished “Special Club” wines must undergo tasting analysis
  4. All “Special Club” bottles share an identical label and bottle shape
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29
Q

IN WHAT DISTRICT IS AVENAY-VAL D’OR?

A

Montagne de Reims- 1er Cru

This is the most Southern 1er Cru in Montage de Reims.

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30
Q

WHAT IS THE AGING FOR R.D.?

A

Bollinger’s “RD” (“Récemment Dégorgé”) is kept sur pointe for a number of years, and only disgorged upon order, usually around 108 months or 9 years.

Aged in bottle with cork and not a bidule crown cap.

This is a biological extension of Grand Annee.

There was no 1981 vintage of Grand Annee but there was a 1981 RD made.

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31
Q

WHAT ARE THE SECONDARY GRAPES USED IN CHAMPAGNE?
(4 in total)

A

Secondary Varieties:
Arbanne (black)
Petit Meslier (black)
Pinot Blanc Vrai (white form of Pinot Noir)
Fromenteau/Fromenteau Gris (Pinot Gris)

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32
Q

WHERE WOULD YOU FIND THE FOLLOWING AND WHAT IS THE MAIN GRAPE ASSOCIATED WITH THEM:

ALFRED GRATIEN
POL ROGER
GOSSET
PERRIER-JOUET

A

Epernay, Valle de la Marne, Pinot Noir

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33
Q

HOW MUCH DOES ABV INCREASE AFTER SECONDARY FERMENTATION IN CHAMPAGNE?

A

1.2% - 1.3%

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34
Q

WHAT TYPE OF CLIMATE DOES CHAMPAGNE ENCOUNTER?

A

Cold Atlantic Influenced Climate

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35
Q

HOW MANY BOTTLES DOES A PUPITRE HOLD?

A

60 bottles

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36
Q

WHO MAKES CUVEE RARE?

A

Piper-Heidsieck

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37
Q

WHAT IS LES BLEUS DE VILLES?

A

Blue Plastic recycled bags found in the vineyards of champagne as a reminder of the compost that is still evident.

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38
Q

WHAT IS THE NATURAL TEMPERATURE FOR THE NETWORK OF CAVES LOCATED IN CHAMPAGNE?

A

53-54 degrees F. It is created out of a Chalk and Limestone subsoil.

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39
Q

WHAT IS THE RATING AND PERCENTAGE OF RED GRAPES FROM CHOUILLY?

A

Chouilly:
white grapes 100%- GC
red grapes 95%- 1er Cru

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40
Q

WHAT IS THE ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE FOR PERLANT/ FRIZZANTE/ PERLWEIN?

A

Perlant= less than 2.5 ATM

Frizzantino in Italian
Perlwein in German

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41
Q

WHAT ARE THE FOUR TYPES OF TRAINING SYSTEMS (PRUNING METHODS) USED FOR CHAMPAGNE?

A
  1. Taille Chablis- Spur training system used for Chardonnay (USED FOR GC ONLY)
  2. Cordon de Royat-Spur training system used for Pinot Noir (USED FOR GC ONLY)
  3. Vallée de la Marne- Spur training used for Pinot Menuier ONLY
  4. Guyot (double and simple)
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42
Q

PLEASE NAME 3 PRODUCERS THAT USE ZERO OAK IN THEIR PRODUCTION OF CHAMPAGNE?

A

Clicquot
Pol Roger
Pommery
Mumm
Moet and Chandon

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43
Q

NAME A YEAR IN THE 2000’S THAT SPECIAL CLUB WAS NOT MADE?

A

2003

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44
Q

IN WHAT DISTRICT IS VERZENAY?

A

Montagne de Reims- Grand Cru

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45
Q

WHAT IS BLOCAGE?

A

Blocage: The authorization of Reserve wine stocks that the CIVC regulates the actual size of.

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46
Q

WHAT ARE THE GRAND CRUS OF THE CÔTE DES BLANCS N-S?
(COCA-OL)

A

Chouilly (’85)
Oiry (’85)
Cramant
Avize
(White Grapes only)
Oger (’85)
Le-Mesnil-sur-Oger (’85

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47
Q

WHAT IS MARC DE CHAMPAGNE?

A

Eaux-de-Vie

Marc de Champagne is distilled by one company (Jean Goyard) oak matured and sold by most of the top Champagne houses.

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48
Q

WHAT IS THE RATING FOR WHITE GRAPES FROM TOURS-SUR-MARNE?

A

Tours-sur-Marne:
red grapes 100%-GC
white grapes 90%- 1er Cru

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49
Q

WHO MAKES GRAND SIGNATURE?

A

Jacquesson

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50
Q

WHAT IS SR ON CHAMPAGNE?

A

SR (Sociéte de Récoltants)

  • A firm, not a co-operative
  • Set up by a union of often related growers
  • Share resources to make their wines
  • Collectively market several brands
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51
Q

WHO PRODUCES CUVEE LOUIS?

A

Tarlant. Not to be confused with Cuvee Louise

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52
Q

WHAT IS THE ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE & ABV FOR CRÉMANT WINES?

A

ABV: 9% EXCEPT CREMANT DE LIMOUX (9.5%)

Classically 3.6 atmospheres.

Now it must be the same as Champagne or Mousseaux 6 atmospheres.

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53
Q

WHO MAKES CUVEE 225 AND WHAT IS IT?

A

It is 1er Cru and Grand Cru wines that are barrel aged for 4 years to add richness to the wine. This is made by Nicholas Feuillate.

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54
Q

WHAT IS THE MOST SOUTHERN GROWING REGION IN CHAMPAGNE?

A

The Aube

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55
Q

WHO MAKES
“CUVÉE R LALOU”?

A

GH Mumm

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56
Q

WHERE IS MAUREUIL-SUR-AŸ?

A

Vallée de la Marne- 1er Cru rated 99%

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57
Q

WHO MAKES CLOS DU MOULIN?

A

Cattier

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58
Q

WHAT NATURAL EVENT CREATES A BOUVREUX (second crop) AND WHERE WOULD YOU FIND THIS CLASSICALLY?

A

Rain.
It interrupts flowering leaving fruit on the vine that does not ripen and is left on the vine. Usually occurs in Champagne and other Cold Atlantic Influenced areas.

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59
Q

WHO MAKES RIVE GAUCHE AND WHAT SINGLE VINEYARD IS IT FROM?

A

Bereche, Les Misy Vineyard, Pinot Menuier, Port a Binson, Valle de la Marne

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60
Q

AMBONNAY IS EAST OF WHAT GRAND CRU?

A

Bouzy

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61
Q

WHAT IS LA PRISSE DE MOUSSE?

A

Secondary Fermentation of Champagne

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62
Q

WHO MADE THE LAST BOTTLED DOUX CHAMPAGNE AND WHAT VINTAGE WAS IT?

A

The last doux Champagne sold was the 1983 based Louis Roederer Carte Blanche.

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63
Q

NAME A PRODUCER OF COTEAUX CHAMPENOIS?

A

Bollinger’s Cote Aux Enfant from Ay. It is Grand Cru Pinot Noir that is aged 8 months in oak.

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64
Q

HOW MANY REGIONS IN FRANCE CAN MAKE MOUSSEUX, NAME THEM?

A

Vin de Savoie (Savoie)
Seyssel (Savoie)
Borgogne Mousseux (Burgundy)

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65
Q

WHAT IS TRANSVERSAGE?

A

Transversage: Process which wines are emptied into a large tank where they are then transferred to small and large format bottles such as 3 Liters and 187ml bottles. Prior to being emptied, the wines, have already gone through the traditional method including riddling and disgorgement.

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66
Q

WHAT IS A BIDULE?

A

The plastic cap that collects sediment during remuage.

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67
Q

WHERE WOULD YOU FIND THE FOLLOWING AND WHAT IS THE MAIN GRAPE ASSOCIATED WITH THEM:

FRANCK BONVILLE
DE SOUSA
VARNIER FARNIER

A

Avize, Cote de Blancs, Chardonnay

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68
Q

WHO MAKES CUVEE LOUISE?

A

Pommery

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69
Q

WHAT IS CLUB TRÉSOR?

A

Special Club Prestige Cuvée
OR
Club Trésor

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70
Q

WHAT WAS THE 1ST VINTAGE OF BOLLINGER’S VIELLES VIGNES FRANCAISES?

A

1969

It comes from 2 Grand Cru’s in AY
(Clos St. Jacques & Chauddes Terres)

and previously 1 Grand Cru in Bouzy
(Croix Rouge) that was destroyed in 2005 by Phyloxera.

It is produced by Provignage method.

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71
Q

IN WHAT DISTRICT IS AMBONNAY?

A

Montagne de Reims- Grand Cru
Southern Most GC

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72
Q

WHAT IS ANOTHER NAME FOR THE AUBE?

A

Côte des Bars

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73
Q

WHAT ARE THE TWO WAYS TO DISGORGE A BOTTLE OF CHAMPAGNE?

A
  1. Disgorgement a la Glacé- Freezing Brine
  2. Disgorgement a la Volee- Older Method, non freezing brine
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74
Q

WHO MAKES AY LA COTE FARON?

A

Jacques Selosse.
It was previously called Contraste

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75
Q

WHAT IS FLEUR DE CHAMPAGNE?

A

Fleur de Champagne is “Belle Époque” for US Market
Or
It’s the “Belle Époque” outside the US Market

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76
Q

WHERE IS HAUTVILLIERS?

A

Vallée de la Marne- 1er Cru

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77
Q

HOW MUCH OF A STATED YEAR’S HARVEST MAY BE SOLD AS VINTAGE CHAMPAGNE?

A

80%

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78
Q

DESCRIBE THE 1991 VINTAGE OF CUVÉE NOBLE?

A

’91-Poor. Light wines with low acidity.

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79
Q

WHO MAKES LES CHETILLONS AND WHERE IS IT FROM?

A

Le Mesnil-sur-Orger, Pierre Peters

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80
Q

WHAT IS ND ON CHAMPAGNE?

A

ND (Négociant Distributeur) Dealer Distributor

  • Middleman company that distributes champagne it did not make.
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81
Q

WHAT IS AUTOLYSIS AND WHAT DOES IT ADD TO CHAMPAGNE?

A

Autolysis – Dead yeasts break down and their amino acids are absorbed in to the wine.

This adds a rich nutty profile to the wine.

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82
Q

GRAND CRU’S IN CHAMPAGNE CANNOT USE WHAT GRAPE?

A

Grand Crus cannot use Pinot Meunier in any amount, it is seen that it has an inability to age and is a rustic cousin to Pinot Noir.

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83
Q

WHO MAKES CUVÉE DES ENCHANTELEURS?

A

Henriot

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84
Q

WHAT IS RM ON CHAMPAGNE?

A

RM (Récoltant Manipulant)

  • Grower - Producer who makes Champ from estate-grown fruit.
  • 95% of the grapes must originate in the producer’s own vineyards.
  • Producers:
    Henri Billot
    Bonnaire
    Chartogne - Taillet
    Hubert Dauvergre
    Guy Larmandier
    Jacques Selosse
    Pierre Peters
    Egly-Ouriet
85
Q

WHAT ARE THE MAJOR BODIES OF WATER IN THE AUBE?

A

Aube & Seine
SA in the South

86
Q

HOW MANY LITERS CAN BE EXTRACTED FROM 160KG OF GRAPES IN CHAMPAGNE?

A

102L from 160kg of grapes

87
Q

NAME 3 CM PRODUCERS IN CHAMPAGNE?

A

Jacquart
Nicolas Feuillatte
Pannier

88
Q

WHAT IS THE AGING FOR GRAND AINEE?

A

It is aged for 72 months (2X’s the amount for Vintage).

Aged in bottle with cork and not a bidule crown cap.

89
Q

HOW MANY GRAND AND PREMIER CRUS VILLAGES?

A

17 Grand Crus
42 1er Crus
(includes Tour-sur-Marne white and Chouilly black)

90
Q

WHO MAKES CUVÉE FEMME?

A

Duval-Leroy

91
Q

WHAT IS THE TRADITIONAL WAY TO PRODUCE ROSÉ?

A

There are only 2 ways allowed to make Rose Champagne:

  1. Blending red base wine is the traditional method
    (This is commonly used)
  2. Sagniee method is expensive but still allowed.
    (This is expensive)
92
Q

WHAT ARE THE GRAND CRUS OF MONTAGNE DE REIMS NORTH-SOUTH? (9 total)
SP/BVMV/ LBA

A

FROM NORTH-SOUTH
Sillery
Puisieux
Beaumont sur Vesle
Verzenay
Mailly
Verzy (’85)
Louvois
Bouzy
Ambonnay

93
Q

VINTAGE DATED CHAMPAGNE MUST CONTAIN 100% FRUIT FROM THAT STATED VINTAGE. WHAT IS THE EXCEPTION?

A

Vintage-dated wines must contain 100% of a stated vintage (with the exception of wine and products contained in the liqueur de tirage or the liqueur d’expédition)

94
Q

WHO CREATED THE ASSEMBLAGE TECHNIQUE IN CHAMPAGNE?

A

The Benedictine Monk, Dom Perignon

95
Q

WHAT BOTTLE SIZES ARE ALLOWED TO MAKE METHOD CHAMPENOISE?

A

Only 375ml/ 750ml/ 1.5L

are permitted by the CIVC for the production of la méthode Champenoise.

96
Q

WHAT IS A MARC OF GRAPES?

A

4000kg of grapes is a quantity known as a ‘marc’, a standard unit of measurement that is held in a traditional Cocquard basket press

97
Q

WHAT 5 CHAMPAGNE VILLAGES WERE ELEVATED TO GRAND CRU STATUS IN 1985?

A

Montage de Reims: 1
Verzey (‘85)

Cote de Blancs: 4
Chouilly (’85)
Oiry (’85) (White Grapes only)
Oger (’85)
Le-Mesnil-sur-Oger (’85)

98
Q

WHAT ARE THE GRAND CRUS OF VALLÉE DE LA MARNE?

A

Aÿ
Tours-sur-Marne
(red grapes only)

99
Q

WHAT PARALLEL DOES CHAMPAGNE SIT AT AND WHAT’S IT MEAN ANNUAL TEMPERATURE?

A

It sits at the 48th parallel and the mean avg temp is 50 degrees.

100
Q

WHAT IS SUR LATTE?

A

Bottles are stored on their sides, prior to secondary fermentation.

This creates a more autolytic style as there is more lees exposure to the wines.

101
Q

WHAT IS THE RUSSIAN CONTINOUS MEHOD ALSO KNOWN AS?

A

Continous Method/Russian Continous Method

102
Q

WHAT IS THE TÊTE DE CUVEE FROM BOLLINGER?

A

Vielles Vignes Françaises-1969, 1st Vintage

103
Q

WHO MAKES CELEBRIS?

104
Q

WHO MAKES CLOS DES GOISSES?

A

Philipponnat
1st producer to make a single vineyard clos champagne. 1st vintage was 1935.

105
Q

WHEN CAN TIRAGE IN CHAMPAGNE OCCUR?

A

January 1st the year following harvest.

106
Q

WHAT HOUSE CREATED THE 1ST BRUT CHAMPAGNE AND WHEN?

A

Created the brut champagne, Pommery “Nature” in 1874.

107
Q

IN WHAT DISTRICT IS BEAUMONT-SUR-VESLE?

A

Montagne de Reims- Grand Cru

108
Q

WHAT ARE THE BASE SOIL TYPES OF CHAMPAGNE? WHAT IS THE TOPSOIL?

A

Base of two types of chalk: Belemnite chalk (Belemnita quadrata) on the hillsides and Micraster chalk in the valleys.

There is a very small layer of topsoil consisting of clay and sand covers much of the chalk throughout Champagne.

109
Q

WHAT IS THE DOMINATE SOILOF THE AUBE?

A

In the Aube, clay is the dominant soil type.

110
Q

WHAT IS RC ON CHAMPAGNE

A

RC (Récoltant Coopérateur)

  • A grower whose grapes are vinified at a co-operative but sells the wine under his own label
111
Q

HOW MUCH OF A YEARS HARVEST CAN BE SOLD AS VINTAGE CHAMPAGNE?

A

80% of the total years harvest can be sold as Vintage.

112
Q

WHO MAKES CŒUR DE CUVÉE?

A

Vilmart & Cie

113
Q

WHERE IS DIZY?

A

Vallée de la Marne- 1er Cru

114
Q

WHAT IS ROSÉ DES RICEYS ?

A

A still red wine AOC located in the cru village of Riceys in the Aube département that produces a 100% Pinot Noir.

It is made by whole cluster and semi-carbonic maceration.

King Louis the XIV favored this still, dark pink wine. Aged in cask and produced in only the warmest years.

115
Q

WHAT IS THE MOST WESTERN GROWING REGION IN CHAMPAGNE?

A

Vallee de la Marne

116
Q

WHAT ARE BOURBES?

A

This is the sediment that is racked off after the wine goes through debourbage
(settling of the must).

117
Q

NAME 5 PRODUCERS FROM THE SPECIAL CLUB AND THEIR LOCATION?

A

Paul Bara (Bouzy)
Roland Champion (Chouilly)
Charlier et Fils (Montigny-sous-Châtillon)
Gaston Chiquet (Dizy)
Forget-Chemin (Ludes)
Fresnet-Juillet (Verzy)
Pierre Gimonnet (Cuis)
Henri Goutorbe (Aÿ)
Grongnet (Etoges)
Dumenil (Chigny-Les-Roses)
Marc Hébrart (Mareuil-sur-Aÿ)
Hervieux-Dumez (Sacy)
José Michel (Moussy)
Vincent Joudart (Fèrebrianges)
Juillet-Lallement (Verzy)
Sanchez Leguédard (Cumières)
Larmandier Père et Fils (Cramant)
J. Lassalle (Chigny-les-Roses)
Launois Père et Fils (Mesnil-sur-Oger)
Mouzon Leroux et Fils (Verzy)
Joseph Loriot Pagel (Festigny)
A. Margaine (Villers Marmery)
Moussé Fils (Cuisles)
Nominé-Renard (Villevenard)
Salmon (Chaumuzy)
Rémy Massin et Fils (Ville-sur-Arce)
Vazart-Coquart (Chouilly)
J.M. Goulard
Champagne Duménil

118
Q

WHAT IS SPECIAL CLUB?

A

Concept originated in 1971 with a dozen growers. Lacking the marketing budget of larger houses. These grower-producers banded together to promote their prestige cuvees through identical packaging. They are estate bottled and vintage dated.

29 MEMBERS IN TOTAL

119
Q

WHERE IS AVIZE?

A

Côte des Blancs- Grand Cru

120
Q

WHAT IS THE ESCHELLE DE CRU RANKING FOR OIRY?

A

Grand Cru, Cote de Blancs

121
Q

WHAT ARE THE CATEGORIES OF CHAMPAGNE FROM DRY TO SWEET?

A

Brut Nature
Extra Brut
Brut
Extra Dry
Sec
Demi Sec
Doux

122
Q

WHAT ARE THE TWO PRESSINGS OF CHAMPAGNE CALLED? PLEASE GIVE THE AMOUNTS IN HECTOLITERS

A

The first 2050 L pressed is known as “the cuvée”, the next 500 L is the “tailless”.

IF ASKED IN HECTOLITERS:
Cuvée = 20.5 hl
Taille = 5 hl

123
Q

WHAT IS POINTAGE?

A

Pointage: Historical operation in which each bottle would be briskly shaken in order to prevent the sediment from sticking to the sides of the bottle prior to dégorgement.

124
Q

WHAT IS REMUAGE?

A

The process of riddling. The process removes dead yeast cells by pushing them to the neck of the bottle where it is expelled via disgorgement.
The process was created by Madam Clicquot

125
Q

WHAT TWO 1ER CRUS ARE RATED 99% AND WHERE ARE THE FROM?

A

Tuxieres-Mutry* (rated 99%) from Montagne de Reims

Maureuil-sur-Ay* (rated 99%) from Vallée de la Marne

126
Q

WHAT ARE THE PRESS YIELDS USED IN CHAMPAGNE? PLEASE GIVE IN HECTOLITERS AND LITERS

A
  1. (Tete) Cuvée- First 2050 liters OR 20.5 HL
  2. Taille- Last 500 liters OR 5 HL
  3. Rebeche- Required by law, this additional pressed juice is rebêche, or the “end of pressing”, and must account for 0-10% of the total. This may only be used for distillation.
127
Q

NAME A PRODUCER FOR ROSE DE RICEY?

A

Jacques de France
Veuve Devaux
Serge Horiot

128
Q

WHAT IS THE ONLY AOP TO ALLOW THE BLENDING OF RED AND WHITE WINE TO MAKE A ROSE?

129
Q

WHAT DOSAGE STYLES OF CHAMPAGNE ARE RARELY PRODUCED?

A

Bone dry, non-dosage styles

130
Q

WHAT WINES ARE PRODUCED USING THE RUSSIAN CONTINOUS METHOD?

A

German Sekt produced this way

131
Q

WHAT COUNTRY WOULD YOU FIND THE TERM PEZSGO AND WHAT DOES THIS TERM MEAN?

A

Hungary and it refers to Sparkling

132
Q

WHAT IS THE TÊTE DE CUVEE FROM BILLECART-SALMON?

A

Cuvée Elizabeth Salmon Rosé- Chard/PN with 10% Red Wine

Cuvée Nicholas Francois- Blend 40% Chard/ 60% PN

Les Clos Saint-Hilaire- 100% Pinot Noir

133
Q

WHAT IS THE OLDEST COMMERCIAL PRODUCER OF CHAMPAGNE?

A

Ruinart the oldest commercial producer of Champagne and Sparkling wine in general.

134
Q

WHO MAKES COEUR DE CUVEE AND WHAT SINGLE VINEYARD IS IT FROM?

A

Vilmart, Blanches Voies Vineyard, Rilly-la-Montage

135
Q

WHERE WOULD YOU FIND THE FOLLOWING PRODUCERS AND WHAT IS THE MAIN GRAPE ASSOCIATED WITH THEM:
H. BILLIOT
RENE-HENRI COUTIER
PAUL DETHUNE
EGLY-OURIET
MARIE-NOELLE LEDRU
MARGUET PERE ET FILS
ERIC RODEZ

A

Ambonnay, Montagne de Reims, Pinot Noir & Pinot Meunier

136
Q

WHAT IS THE MIN ABV AND RS FOR CHAMPAGNE?

A

Minimum Potential Alcohol: 9%
Maximum Residual Sugar: 10 g/l

137
Q

WHAT ARE THE OTHER WAYS TO PRODUCE SPARKLING WINES OTHER THAN METHOD TRADITIONAL?

A

Méthode Ancestrale
Charmat
Continous Method
Carbonation

138
Q

WHAT ARE THE DIFFERENT TYPES OF CHAMPAGNE PRODUCERS? (7)

A
  1. NM- Negociant Manipulant
    A Champagne house that buys grapes, and or vin clairs in large volumes from growers, co-ops and other houses.
  2. RM- Récoltant-Manipulant
    Grower-producer who makes Champagne from estate grown fruit. 95% of the grapes must originate in the producer’s own vineyards.
  3. CM- Co-Operature Manipulant
    A growers co-op that produces the wine under a single brand.
  4. RC- Récoltant-Coopérateur
    A grower whose grapes are vinified at a co-operative, but sells the wine under his own label.
  5. SR- Société de Récoltants
    A firm, not a co-operative, set up by a union of often related growers, who shares resources to make their wines and collectively market several brands.
  6. ND- Négociant Distributor
    Distributor brand, that sells champagne which it did not make, usually sold to retailers.
  7. MA-Marque d’Acheteur
    Brand name owned by the purchaser.
139
Q

WHAT IS THE ESCHELLE DE CRU RANKING FOR CUMIÈRES?

A

1er Cru- Cumières, Valle de la Marne

140
Q

WHAT IS DÉGORGEMENT à LA VOLÉE?

A

Dégorgement à la Volée: Historically a older method of dégorgement in which sediment is removed however the neck was not frozen and excess wine was lost.

141
Q

WHAT ARE THE MAJOR BODIES OF WATER IN THE NORTH OF CHAMPAGNE?

A

Marne and Vesle
(MV in the North)

142
Q

WHAT IS THE PRESTIGE CUVEE OF CHARTOGNE TAILLET?

A

Cuvee Fiacre

143
Q

WHAT TWO 1ER CRUS ARE RANKED 99% AND WHERE ARE THEY LOCATED?

A

Only 2 come in at 99%:

  • Tauxières-Multry in Montage de Reims
  • Mareuil-sur-Aÿ in Vallée de la Marne
144
Q

WHAT IS NM ON CHAMPAGNE?

A

NM (Négociant Manipulant)

  • Purchases grapes or base wines from growers & other sm houses.
  • Some NM houses own a significant portion of their own vineyard.
  • Others own none at all.
145
Q

WHAT OTHER STYLES IN FRANCE CAN MAKE TRADITIONAL METHOD SPARKLING WINES, NAME THEM?
(4 in Total)

A

Other French Traditional Method Wines

4 IN TOTAL:
CRÉMANT
MOUSSEUX
PÉTILLANT
BLANQUETTE

146
Q

WHAT ARE THE 3 VINTAGES IN WHICH GRAND SIÈCLE WAS PRODUCED?

A

1985 Grand Siècle Exceptionellement Millésimé
1988
1990 Grand Siècle Lumière du Millénaire

147
Q

NAME A PRODUCER THAT USES SECONDARY GRAPES USED IN CHAMPAGNE?

A

Aubry’s, “Le Nobre d’Or Campanae Vetres Vites,” from Reims, showcases these secondary varietals

148
Q

WHAT IS THE PRIMARY GRAPE OF THE CÔTE DES BLANCS?

A

Chardonnay

149
Q

WHAT IS THE MINIMUM ALCOHOL FOR VIN CLAIR WINES AFTER PRIMARY FERMENTATION?

A

Around 11%

150
Q

WHERE IS CHIGNY-LES-ROSE LOCATED AND WHAT CRU IS IT?

A

Montagne de Reims, 1er Cru

151
Q

WHAT IS THE LITERS OF MUST THAT ARE EXTRACTED FROM 4000KG OF GRAPES IN CRÉMANT DE LOIRE?

A

Crémant wines which are allowed 2666L from 4000kg

152
Q

WHAT IS THE MOST NORTHERN GROWING REGION IN CHAMPAGNE?

A

Montagne de Reims

153
Q

WHAT IS THE MOST NORTHERN GRAND CRU OF THE COTE DE BLANCS?

154
Q

MASTERS QUESTION-
IN WHAT DISTRICT IS VERZY?

A

Montagne de Reims- Grand Cru

155
Q

IN WHAT DISTRICT IS VERTUS?

A

Côte des Blancs-1er Cru

156
Q

WHAT IS DEBLOCAGE?

A

Deblocage: The releasing of reserve wine stocks (Blocage).

157
Q

WHAT IS THE NON-DOSAGE CUVEE MADE FROM BILLECART-SALMON?

A

Les Clos Saint-Hilaire
100% Pinot Noir

158
Q

WHAT IS THE MOST PLANTED AND SECOND MOST PLANTED GRAPE VARIETAL IN CHAMPAGNE?

A

Pinot Noir followed by Pinot Menuier

159
Q

WHAT IS A MUSELETEUSE?

A

Museleteuse: a pneumatic machine that distributes and automatically fits the wire muzzle on champagne bottles.

160
Q

WHAT IS THE PRIMARY GRAPE OF THE CÔTE DE SÉZANNE?

A

Chardonnay

161
Q

ARE SINGLE VINEYARD CHAMPAGNES REQUIRED TO BE VINTAGED DATED?

A

Not required to be vintage dated.

162
Q

WHAT IS THE LITERS OF MUST THAT ARE EXTRACTED FROM 4000KG OF GRAPES IN CHAMPAGNE?

A

The quantity of must permitted to be extracted from the grapes is limited to 2550L (2666 pre-1994) from 4000kg* of grapes.

IF ASKED IN HECTOLITERS:
Cuvée = 20.5 hl,
Taille = 5 hl

163
Q

PLEASE NAME 3 PRODUCERS THAT USE OAK IN THEIR PRODUCTION OF CHAMPAGNE?

A

Bollinger
Alfred Gratien
Krug
Fleury
Jacques Selosse

164
Q

HOW MANY GROWERS BELONG TO THE SPECIAL CLUB?

A

29

Club Tresors de Champagne, more commonly known as Special Club, is an exclusive group of grower Champagne producers (only 29 members!) whose primary aim is to showcase the very best expressions of Champagne from the best vintages.

165
Q

WHAT IS FROMENTEAU?

A

Fromenteau is Pinot Gris.

It is allowed in Champagne production along with Petit Meslier, Arbanne and Pinot Blanc Vrai.

166
Q

WHAT IS THE SYNONYMS FOR CHARMAT METHOD?

A

Charmat/ Cuvée Close/ Tank Method

167
Q

WHERE WOULD YOU FIND THE FOLLOWING AND WHAT IS THE MAIN GRAPE ASSOCIATED WITH THEM:
GUY CHARLEMAGNE
DELAMOTTE
PIERRE MONCUIT

A

Mesnil-sur-Oger, Cote de Blanc, Chardonnay

168
Q

WHO MAKES CUVEE VENUS AND WHAT SINGLE VINEYARD IS IT FROM?

A

Agrapart, La Fosse Vineyard, Avize

169
Q

WHAT IS BOUVREAUX?

A

The Bouvreux is the second crop and is left for the birds.

It takes place during flowering when rain interrupts the flowering process leaving a second crop of Bouvreux.

170
Q

WHERE WOULD YOU FIND THE FOLLOWING PRODUCERS AND WHAT IS THE MAIN GRAPE ASSOCIATED WITH THEM:

PAUL BARA
PAUL CLOUET
BENOIT LAHAYE
CAMILLE SAVES
JEAN VESSELLE

A

Bouzy, Montagne de Reims, Pinot Noir

171
Q

T OR F: SALON USES MULTIPLE VINEYARDS IN THEIR TETE DE CUVEE BOTTLING?

172
Q

WHAT IS THE PRIMARY GRAPE OF THE AUBE?

A

Pinot Noir

173
Q

IN WHAT DISTRICT IS BOUZY?

A

Montagne de Reims- Grand Cru

174
Q

WHAT IS THE ESCHELLE DE CRU RANKING FOR TUXIERES-MUTRY?

A

1er Cru-Tuxieres-Mutry rated 99% from Montagne de Reims.

175
Q

WHAT IS THE ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE FOR CHAMPAGNE?

A

Mousseux: 6 atmospheres, this is a fully sparkling wine (Champagne). This is 90 lbs PSI – the equivalent of the pressure in a bus tire. At serving temperature (43˚ F) the atmospheric pressure is actually 2.5.

176
Q

WHERE WOULD YOU FIND THE FOLLOWING PRODUCERS AND WHAT IS THE MAIN GRAPE ASSOCIATED WITH THEM:

MARC HEBRART
PHILIPPONNAT
R. POUILLON

A

Mareuil-sur-Ay in Valle de la Marne: Pinot Meunier, Pinot Noir

177
Q

MASTERS QUESTION – WHAT WAS THE 1ST VINTAGE OF CLOS DU MESNIL?

A

1979 is the first vintage

178
Q

PLEASE LIST 3 PGI’S OF CHAMPAGNE?

A

Marne
Haut Marne
Seine-et-Marne
Aube

179
Q

WHAT WAS THE 1ST BRUT CHAMPAGNE ON THE MARKET IN THE 1800’S

A

In 1874, it was Pommery. Prior to this all Champagne was produced with a sweet style.

180
Q

WHO MAKES SIR WINSTON CHURCHILL?

181
Q

WHO MAKES PARADIS?

A

Alfred Gratien- This is barrel fermented

182
Q

WHAT STYLE IS BELLE ÉPOQUE?

A

BLEND: 50-50 Chard/Pinots

STYLE: aperitif style, delicate.

Crisp acidity, though wine does go through full MLF.

183
Q

MASTERS QUESTION –WHERE DOES THE BEST RED WINE FOR ROSÉ COME FROM?

A

The best red wine for the production of rosé is reputed to come from Bouzy, a Grand Cru in Montagne de Reims.

184
Q

WHAT IS THE MUST WEIGHT OF CHAMPAGNE?

185
Q

WHAT IS THE LOCATION AND ECHELLE DE CRU FOR TOURS-SUR-MARNE?

A

Vallée de la Marne

Grand Cru for Red Grapes
1er Cru for White Grapes

186
Q

WHAT IS THE MAXIMUM GRAMS PER LTR. FOR BRUT CHAMPAGNE?

A

Brut, less than 12 grams

187
Q

HOW MUCH OF A STATED YEAR COMPOSES THE BLEND OF VINTAGE CHAMPAGNE?

188
Q

WHAT ARE NATURAL CLIMATIC PROBLEMS THAT THE CHAMPAGNE REGION DEALS WITH?
(4 in total)

A

Frost, Rain, Fungal Disease and Hail
short hot vintages with Global warming
Humidity in Summer

189
Q

HOW MANY VILLAGES ARE AUTHORIZED TO GROW GRAPES FOR CHAMPAGNE?

A

There are 357 authorized to grow grapes for Champagne

190
Q

WHAT IS COTEAUX du CHAMPENOIS?

A

Still wine appellation that produces:
red, white and rosé.

Best are reds from Bouzy, which is located in Montage de Reims.

191
Q

HOW MUCH OF A VARIANCE IS ALLOWED FOR CURRENT CHAMPAGNE DRYNESS LEVELS?

A

3G/L (+/-)

192
Q

WHAT IS THE MOST NORTHERN GRAND CRU OF MONTAGNE DE REIMS?

193
Q

WHAT IS THE ESCHELLE DE CRU RANKING FOR MAUREUIL-SUR-AŸ?

A

Maureuil-sur-Ay (rated 99%)- Valle de la Marne

194
Q

HOW MANY REGIONS IN FRANCE CAN MAKE CRÉMANT, NAME THEM?
(7 in total)

A

Crémant de Alsace
Crémant de Bordeaux
Crémant de Bourgogne
Crémant de Die
Crémant de Loire
Crémant de Limoux
Crémant de Jura

195
Q

WHERE ARE THE ARDENNES HILLS?

A

The Ardennes hills separate Champagne from Belgium.

196
Q

WHAT IS THE CIVC AND WHEN WAS IT FORMED?

A

CIVC: Comité Interprofessional du Vin de Champagne – governing body of Champagne, enforces all the AC regulations, formed in 1941, comprises growers and producers with government employees. Also promotes the wines, regulates the size of the harvest. Unique among French AOCs in that it does not have to use the words ‘appellation contrôlée’ on the label.

  1. No longer sees echelle de cru system
  2. focus on sustainability measures in region
197
Q

WHAT ORIENTATION ARE THE VINEYARDS OF THE CÔTE DES BLANCS PLANTED?

A

Vineyards are planted on the southeast and east facing slopes

198
Q

WHAT IS LIQUEUR DE TIRAGE?

A

Liqueur de Tirage is mixture of still Champagne, sugar, and yeast and causes the second fermentation between 10 days and 3 mos.

This produces the second fermentation in bottle.

199
Q

WHAT ARE THE PRESSING PRODUCTION METHODS FOR CRÉMANT?

A

100L from 150kg or 2,666L from 4,000KG

200
Q

WHAT ORIENTATION ARE THE VINEYARDS OF MONTAGNE DE REIMS PLANTED?
(Give examples):

A

Vineyards are planted between south and north facing slopes

201
Q

WHAT IS CM ON CHAMPAGNE?

A

Co-Operature Manipulant
A growers co-op that produces the wine under a single brand.
(i.e. Jacquart/ Nicholas Feuillate)

202
Q

IF A WINE IS BOTTLED VIA TRANSVASAGE METHOD? WHAT TECHNIQUE IS UNNECESSARY?

A

Remuage or riddling of the bottles as the wines are dumped into a pressurized tank then bottles in large or small bottles.

203
Q

WHAT IS CM ON CHAMPAGNE?

A

CM (Coopérative Manipulant)

  • A grower’s Co-operative that produces the wine under a SINGLE BRAND
  • ie. Nicolas Feuillatte (Chouilly), Jacquart (Reims), Mailly Grand Cru
204
Q

WHAT IS THE MUST WEIGHT, ABV AND RS FOR CHAMPAGNE?

A

Must Weight: 143
ABV: Min. 9%
RS: Max 10 g/l

205
Q

WHAT IS THE COMMON WAY TO PRODUCE ROSÉ?

A

Commonly made by blending white with a little red base wine.

206
Q

WHAT IS THE PRIMARY GRAPE OF THE VALLÉE DE LA MARNE and WHY?

A

Primary Grape: Pinot Meunier

Pinot Menuier is heavily cultivated in the sheltered vineyards of the frost-prone Vallée de la Marne, where its tendency to bud late and ripen early is prized by growers.

Bud Late/Ripe Early

207
Q

In regards to Champagne, what are Crayères?

A

Under the French city of Reims alone, thousands of these chalk quarries, or crayères, form a mazelike collection of tunnels that started as chalk mines in Gallo-Roman times (with excavated chalk forming the city’s rampart walls) before serving as everything from wheat silos to smuggling routes.

208
Q

In Champagne, what is a “remueur”?

A

professional riddler, or “remueur”

209
Q

As of 2016, what AOP’s comprise the Grand Est région.

A

As of 2016, Alsace and Lorraine along with Champagne now comprise the Grand Est région.

MS-France (11 decks)

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