Champagne Flashcards
MASTERS QUESTION- CORDON DU ROYAT IS USED FOR WHAT SPECIFIC GRAPE VARIETAL?
Chardonnay from 1er or Grand Cru.
MASTERS QUESTION – IN WHAT DISTRICT IS OIRY?
ASKED THREE TIMES SINCE 2007
Côte des Blancs- Grand Cru ‘85
MASTERS QUESTION – IN WHAT DISTRICT IS CHOUILLY? *
Côte des Blancs- Grand Cru ‘85
MASTERS QUESTION- WHAT ARE THE DOSAGE LEVELS FOR CHAMPAGNE?
(Pre 2010) / (Post 2010) Brut Nature: 0-3 Extra Brut: 0-6 Brut: 0-15/ 0-12 *(allowed a 3g/l buffer) Extra Dry: 12-20/ 12-17 Sec: 17-35/ 17-32 Demi-Sec: 33-50/ 32-50 Doux: 50 Plus
MASTERS QUESTION- WHAT IS THE MOST PLANTED GRAPE IN CHAMPAGNE? WHAT ARE THE OTHERS?
As of the 2012 harvest they are:
Pinot Noir @ 38%
Pinot Menuier @ 32%
Chardonnay @ 30%
MASTERS QUESTION – WHAT ARE THE TWO PRESSES USED IN CHAMPAGNE?
- Pressoir Couquard, is the classic vertical Champagne press (Basket Press)
- Whilmes Pneumatic Presses are common (Bladder Press)
The standard size press in Champagne holds a marc=4000 kg.
MASTERS QUESTION – WHAT ARE THE CURRENT YIELDS FOR CHAMPAGNE?
8,000 Kg/Ha- Prior to 2009
10,400 Kg/Ha- Current Standing
MASTERS QUESTION – WHAT IS THE AGING REQUIREMENT FOR NV CHAMPAGNE?
(BE SPECIFIC)
Minimum of 15 months for non-vintage (including the 12 months spent on lees= aka:tirage)
three years for vintage (including 12 months on the lees)
MASTERS QUESTION- WHICH ONE IS FURTHER EAST:
AY
MAREUIL-SUR-AY
Mareuil-sur-Ay, Valle de la Marne
MASTERS QUESTION- WHERE WOULD YOU FIND THE FOLLOWING PRODUCERS AND WHAT IS THE MAIN GRAPE ASSOCIATED WITH THEM:
MICHEL ARNOULD
GODME
JEAN LALLEMENT
PEHU-SIMONET
Verzenay, Montagne de Reims, Pinot Noir and Pinot Meunier
MASTERS QUESTION – WHAT IS THE PRIMARY GRAPE OF THE MONTAGNE DE REIMS?
Pinot Noir
MASTERS QUESTION-
WHO MAKES NOBLE CUVÉE?
Lanson 50/50 Chrd and PN Oaked 1979
MASTERS QUESTION –WHAT 5 CHAMPAGNE VILLAGES WERE ELEVATED TO GRAND CRU STATUS IN 1985?
Montagne de Reims: Verzy (’85)
Côte des Blancs: Chouilly (’85 White Grapes only) Oiry (’85) Oger (’85) Le-Mesnil-sur-Oger (’85)
MASTERS QUESTION-
WHERE IS LOUVOIS? ASKED TWICE SINCE 2004
Montagne de Reims- Grand Cru
MASTERS QUESTION- WHAT IS A CARNET DE PRESSOIR?
This is what is used to record every 4000 kg “marc”, noting grape variety, cru and destination
MASTERS QUESTION- WHAT WERE THE DOSAGE CATEGORY LEVELS PRE 2010?
(Pre 2010) Brut Nature: 0-3 Extra Brut: 0-6 Brut: 0-15 Extra Dry: 12-20 Sec: 17-35 Demi-Sec: 33-50 Doux: 50 Plus
MASTERS QUESTION- WHO MAKES LES BARRES AND WHERE IS IT FROM?
Chartogne Taillet, Merfy
MASTERS QUESTION- WHAT IS THE 1ST COMMERCIAL BOTTLING OF CRISTAL?
1945- 1st Commercial Bottling
1876- Was the 1st Vintage
MASTERS QUESTION- WHERE WOULD YOU FIND THE FOLLOWING AND WHAT IS THE MAIN GRAPE ASSOCIATED WITH THEM:
AYALA BOLLINGER DEUTZ GATINOIS RENE GEOFFROY HENRI GOURTORBE
Ay, Valle de la Marne, Pinot Noir
MASTERS QUESTION – WHAT IS A GYROPALLET? WHAT DOES IT DO AND IN HOW LONG?
A Gyropallet - holds 504 bottles. Performs the task in 8 days.
MASTERS QUESTION- WHAT IS EN FOULE/ PROVENAGE AND WHO USES THIS?
This is an old pre-phyloxera method of vine propagation. Canes are planted in the ground. This is done with Bollinger’s Cuvee Vieille Vignes Francaises which is 100 + year pre phylloxera vines that are trained using the provenage method.
It was classically done in Loire Valley, Champagne and Burgundy.
MASTERS QUESTION – WHAT ARE THE BREAKDOWNS FOR THE ÉCHELLE DES CRU?
100% = Grands Crus 90-99% = Premiers Crus 80-89% = Crus
MASTERS QUESTION-
WHERE IS CUMIÈRES?
Vallée de la Marne- 1er Cru
MASTERS QUESTION – WHAT OTHER WINES ARE PRODUCED USING THE CHARMAT METHOD?
Asti DOCG and Prosecco is made this way.
MASTERS QUESTION – WHAT IS MA ON CHAMPAGNE?
MA (Marque d’ Acheteur) Buyer Brand
- A buyer’s own brand
- Often a large supermarket chain or restaurant, that purchases champagne & sells it under it’s own label
MASTERS QUESTION- AY IS LOCATED NEAR WHAT RIVER?
Marne River
MASTERS QUESTION- WHEN WAS THE SPECIAL CLUB CREATED?
1971
MASTERS QUESTION- WHAT ARE THE REQUIREMENTS TO BELONG TO THE SPECIAL CLUB?
- The “Special Club” is the top-of-the-range, prestige cuvée for all members
- The Club Trésors will declare a vintage as being worthy of “Special Club” prestige cuvées, then each member may decide individually whether or not to produce a “Special Club” wine
- All base wines and finished “Special Club” wines must undergo tasting analysis
- All “Special Club” bottles share an identical label and bottle shape
MASTERS QUESTION-
IN WHAT DISTRICT IS AVENAY-VAL D’OR?
Montagne de Reims- 1er Cru
This is the most Southern 1er Cru in Montage de Reims.
MASTERS QUESTION- WHAT IS THE AGING FOR R.D.?
3x’s
Bollinger’s “RD” (“Récemment Dégorgé”) is kept sur pointe for a number of years, and only disgorged upon order, usually around 108 months or 9 years.
Aged in bottle with cork and not a bidule crown cap.
This is a biological extension of Grand Annee.
There was no 1981 vintage of Grand Annee but there was a 1981 RD made.
MASTERS QUESTION – WHAT ARE THE SECONDARY GRAPES USED IN CHAMPAGNE?
(4 in total)
Secondary Varieties: Arbanne (black) Petit Meslier (black) Pinot Blanc Vrai (white form of Pinot Noir) Fromenteau/Fromenteau Gris (Pinot Gris)
MASTERS QUESTION- WHERE WOULD YOU FIND THE FOLLOWING AND WHAT IS THE MAIN GRAPE ASSOCIATED WITH THEM:
ALFRED GRATIEN
POL ROGER
GOSSET
PERRIER-JOUET
Epernay, Valle de la Marne, Pinot Noir
MASTERS QUESTION- HOW MUCH DOES ABV INCREASE AFTER SECONDARY FERMENTATION IN CHAMPAGNE?
1.2% - 1.3%
MASTERS QUESTION- WHAT TYPE OF CLIMATE DOES CHAMPAGNE ENCOUNTER?
Cold Atlantic Influenced Climate
MASTERS QUESTION- HOW MANY BOTTLES DOES A PUPITRE HOLD?
60 bottles
MASTERS QUESTION –
WHO MAKES CUVEE RARE?
Piper-Heidsieck
MASTERS QUESTION- WHAT IS LES BLEUS DE VILLES?
Blue Plastic recycled bags found in the vineyards of champagne as a reminder of the compost that is still evident.
MASTERS QUESTION- WHAT IS THE NATURAL TEMPERATURE FOR THE NETWORK OF CAVES LOCATED IN CHAMPAGNE?
53-54 degrees F. It is created out of a Chalk and Limestone subsoil.
MASTERS QUESTION- WHAT IS THE RATING AND PERCENTAGE OF RED GRAPES FROM CHOUILLY?
Chouilly:
white grapes 100%- GC
red grapes 95%- 1er Cru
MASTERS QUESTION – WHAT IS THE ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE FOR PERLANT/ FRIZZANTE/ PERLWEIN?
Perlant= less than 2.5 ATM
Frizzantino in Italian
Perlwein in German
MASTERS QUESTION – WHAT ARE THE FOUR TYPES OF TRAINING SYSTEMS (PRUNING METHODS) USED FOR CHAMPAGNE?
- Taille Chablis- Spur training system used for Chardonnay (USED FOR GC ONLY)
- Cordon de Royat-Spur training system used for Pinot Noir (USED FOR GC ONLY)
- Vallée de la Marne- Spur training used for Pinot Menuier ONLY
- Guyot (double and simple)
MASTERS QUESTION- PLEASE NAME 3 PRODUCERS THAT USE ZERO OAK IN THEIR PRODUCTION OF CHAMPAGNE?
Clicquot Pol Roger Pommery Mumm Moet and Chandon
MASTERS QUESTION- NAME A YEAR IN THE 2000’S THAT SPECIAL CLUB WAS NOT MADE?
2003
MASTERS QUESTION-
IN WHAT DISTRICT IS VERZENAY?
Montagne de Reims- Grand Cru
MASTERS QUESTION – WHAT IS BLOCAGE?
Blocage: The authorization of Reserve wine stocks that the CIVC regulates the actual size of.
MASTERS QUESTION – WHAT ARE THE GRAND CRUS OF THE CÔTE DES BLANCS N-S?
(COCA-OL)
Chouilly (’85) Oiry (’85) Cramant Avize (White Grapes only) Oger (’85) Le-Mesnil-sur-Oger (’85
MASTERS QUESTION – WHAT IS MARC DE CHAMPAGNE?
Eaux-de-Vie
Marc de Champagne is distilled by one company (Jean Goyard) oak matured and sold by most of the top Champagne houses.
MASTERS QUESTION- WHAT IS THE RATING FOR WHITE GRAPES FROM TOURS-SUR-MARNE?
Tours-sur-Marne:
red grapes 100%-GC
white grapes 90%- 1er Cru
MASTERS QUESTION-
WHO MAKES GRAND SIGNATURE?
Jacquesson
MASTERS QUESTION – WHAT IS SR ON CHAMPAGNE?
SR (Sociéte de Récoltants)
- A firm, not a co-operative
- Set up by a union of often related growers
- Share resources to make their wines
- Collectively market several brands
MASTERS QUESTION- WHO PRODUCES CUVEE LOUIS?
Tarlant. Not to be confused with Cuvee Louise
MASTERS QUESTION – WHAT IS THE ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE & ABV FOR CRÉMANT WINES?
ABV: 9% EXCEPT CREMANT DE LIMOUX (9.5%)
Classically 3.6 atmospheres.
Now it must be the same as Champagne or Mousseaux 6 atmospheres.
MASTERS QUESTION- WHO MAKES CUVEE 225 AND WHAT IS IT?
It is 1er Cru and Grand Cru wines that are barrel aged for 4 years to add richness to the wine. This is made by Nicholas Feuillate.
MASTERS QUESTION- WHAT IS THE MOST SOUTHERN GROWING REGION IN CHAMPAGNE?
The Aube
MASTERS QUESTION-
WHO MAKES
“CUVÉE R LALOU”?
GH Mumm
MASTERS QUESTION-
WHERE IS MAUREUIL-SUR-AŸ?
Vallée de la Marne- 1er Cru rated 99%
MASTERS QUESTION-
WHO MAKES CLOS DU MOULIN?
Cattier
MASTERS QUESTION- WHAT NATURAL EVENT CREATES A BOUVREUX (second crop) AND WHERE WOULD YOU FIND THIS CLASSICALLY?
Rain.
It interrupts flowering leaving fruit on the vine that does not ripen and is left on the vine. Usually occurs in Champagne and other Cold Atlantic Influenced areas.
MASTERS QUESTION- WHO MAKES RIVE GAUCHE AND WHAT SINGLE VINEYARD IS IT FROM?
Bereche, Les Misy Vineyard, Pinot Menuier, Port a Binson, Valle de la Marne
MASTERS QUESTION- AMBONNAY IS EAST OF WHAT GRAND CRU?
Bouzy
MASTERS QUESTION – WHAT IS LA PRISSE DE MOUSSE?
Secondary Fermentation of Champagne
MASTERS QUESTION –
WHO MADE THE LAST BOTTLED DOUX CHAMPAGNE AND WHAT VINTAGE WAS IT?
The last doux Champagne sold was the 1983 based Louis Roederer Carte Blanche.
MASTERS QUESTION- NAME A PRODUCER OF COTEAUX CHAMPENOIS?
Bollinger’s Cote Aux Enfant from Ay. It is Grand Cru Pinot Noir that is aged 8 months in oak.
MASTERS QUESTION – HOW MANY REGIONS IN FRANCE CAN MAKE MOUSSEUX, NAME THEM?
Vin de Savoie (Savoie)
Seyssel (Savoie)
Borgogne Mousseux (Burgundy)
MASTERS QUESTION – WHAT IS TRANSVERSAGE?
Transversage: Process which wines are emptied into a large tank where they are then transferred to small and large format bottles such as 3 Liters and 187ml bottles. Prior to being emptied, the wines, have already gone through the traditional method including riddling and disgorgement.
MASTERS QUESTION- WHAT IS A BIDULE?
The plastic cap that collects sediment during remuage.
MASTERS QUESTION- WHERE WOULD YOU FIND THE FOLLOWING AND WHAT IS THE MAIN GRAPE ASSOCIATED WITH THEM:
FRANCK BONVILLE
DE SOUSA
VARNIER FARNIER
Avize, Cote de Blancs, Chardonnay
MASTERS QUESTION –
WHO MAKES CUVEE LOUISE?
Pommery
MASTERS QUESTION – WHAT IS CLUB TRÉSOR?
Special Club Prestige Cuvée
OR
Club Trésor
MASTERS QUESTION- WHAT WAS THE 1ST VINTAGE OF BOLLINGER’S VIELLES VIGNES FRANCAISES?
1969
It comes from 2 Grand Cru’s in AY
(Clos St. Jacques & Chauddes Terres)
and previously 1 Grand Cru in Bouzy
(Croix Rouge) that was destroyed in 2005 by Phyloxera.
It is produced by Provignage method.
MASTERS QUESTION-
IN WHAT DISTRICT IS AMBONNAY?
Montagne de Reims- Grand Cru
Southern Most GC
MASTERS QUESTION – WHAT IS ANOTHER NAME FOR THE AUBE?
Côte des Bars
MASTERS QUESTION- WHAT ARE THE TWO WAYS TO DISGORGE A BOTTLE OF CHAMPAGNE?
- Disgorgement a la Glacé- Freezing Brine
2. Disgorgement a la Volee- Older Method, non freezing brine
MASTERS QUESTION- WHO MAKES AY LA COTE FARON?
Jacques Selosse. It was previously called Contraste
MASTERS QUESTION –
WHAT IS FLEUR DE CHAMPAGNE?
Fleur de Champagne is “Belle Époque” for US Market
Or
It’s the “Belle Époque” outside the US Market
MASTERS QUESTION-
WHERE IS HAUTVILLIERS?
Vallée de la Marne- 1er Cru
MASTERS QUESTION- HOW MUCH OF A STATED YEAR’S HARVEST MAY BE SOLD AS VINTAGE CHAMPAGNE?
80%
MASTERS QUESTION-
DESCRIBE THE 1991 VINTAGE OF CUVÉE NOBLE?
’91-Poor. Light wines with low acidity.
MASTERS QUESTION- WHO MAKES LES CHETILLONS AND WHERE IS IT FROM?
Le Mesnil-sur-Orger, Pierre Peters
MASTERS QUESTION – WHAT IS ND ON CHAMPAGNE?
ND (Négociant Distributeur) Dealer Distributor
- Middleman company that distributes champagne it did not make.
MASTERS QUESTION – WHAT IS AUTOLYSIS AND WHAT DOES IT ADD TO CHAMPAGNE?
Autolysis – Dead yeasts break down and their amino acids are absorbed in to the wine.
This adds a rich nutty profile to the wine.
MASTERS QUESTION –GRAND CRU’S IN CHAMPAGNE CANNOT USE WHAT GRAPE?
Grand Crus cannot use Pinot Meunier in any amount, it is seen that it has an inability to age and is a rustic cousin to Pinot Noir.
MASTERS QUESTION – WHO MAKES CUVÉE DES ENCHANTELEURS?
Henriot