South/East Asia

Question 1

Urbanization of East Asia

Answer 1

54%

Question 2

Kashmir

Answer 2

Contested by China, India and Pakistan

Question 3

Nepal

Answer 3

China doesn’t recognize their independence

Question 4

Tibet

Answer 4

A region in China that is distinct, fits better with Southeast Asia
Tibet lobbied for independence, Dalai Lama lives in exile in India

Question 5

Quasi-Indepent (Chinese) Territories

Answer 5

Hong Kong: former British colony sold to China
Macau: former Portuguese colony
Taiwan: should be independent, but regarded as part of China by UN. They believe they control China. De facto independent (Olympics)

Question 6

East Asia Climates

Answer 6

Arid, Continental, Subtropical, Highland

Question 7

East Asia Deserts

Answer 7

Gobi - 3rd largest

Takla Makan - Tibetan Plateau

Question 8

Coastal Influences

Answer 8

Inner China: Arid/Semiairid

Outer China: Mild Temperate

Question 9

Ring of Fire

Answer 9

Sichuan Earthquake, 2011 Japan Tsunami

Question 10

Air Pollution

Answer 10

From human activity and low regulation

Starting to green energy and enforce standards

Question 11

Ecoregions East Asia

Answer 11

Tibetan & Himalayan Highlands
Steppe and Desert
Temperate Forest
Humid, Subtropical Forest

Question 12

Hydroelectric Power

Answer 12

3 Gorges Dam: displaced over 1 million from flooding

Question 13

Resource Wealth

Answer 13

China: largest producer of coal, copper, gold, etc.
Biggest consumer, mineral rich but largely untapped
Invested in South America and Africa

Question 14

Density of East Asia

Answer 14

> 1.5 billion people
Nearly 1/4 of pop on 1/7 of land
More than half (west) is sparsely populated

Question 15

Urbanization East Asia

Answer 15

Japan: 19th C, grew most after WWII - 91% now
SK latter part of 20th C - 92% now
China: rapid 13% 1950 -> 45% 2010 -> 56% today

Question 16

South Asia Pop/Urbanization

Answer 16

2nd smallest in area, largest population, least urbanized (27%)

Question 17

Kashmir

Answer 17

Disputed territory after division of India and Pakistan

Siachen Glacier: among largest glaciers, key source of water for Pakistan Indus River

Question 18

Arunachal Pradesh

Answer 18

State in India bordered by Bhutan, Myanmar and China
Norther Border is McMahon Line, which India and Tibet negotiated while Tibet was independent
China calls it South Tibet

Question 19

Monsoon

Answer 19

Seasonal variations in air pressure
Moist tropical air pushes north in summer (low pressure)
Cool/dry air goes south in winter (High pressure)

Question 20

Himalayas

Answer 20

Built when Indian plate collided

Question 21

Ghat

Answer 21

Set of stair like mountains that separate Decan plateau from the coastal plains

Question 22

Flooding

Answer 22

Climatic conditions + physiography + human adaptation makes the area prone to regular and extreme flooding

Question 23

Sea Level Rise

Answer 23

Bangladesh is mostly below sea level, densely populated

Question 24

Glacial Melt

Answer 24

Himalayas hold more ice than anywhere but poles

Heavily populated and agricultured plains depend on seasonal melts

Question 25

Harappan Civilization

Answer 25

c.5300 ya in Indus Valley
Advanced agriculture and trade with other regions
Collapsed due to climate change (lack of fertility)

Question 26

Aryan Civilization

Answer 26

c.3500-2500 ya in the Ganges plains
Similar to Harappans
Cultural links to Central Asia

Question 27

Mauryan Empire

Answer 27

First to control all of South Asia

Question 28

Gupta Empire

Answer 28

Contributions to science, medicine and trade

Question 29

Mughal Empire

Answer 29

c.1500-1700 - introduced Islam and Arabic architecture

Economic powerhouse

Question 30

Khyber Pass

Answer 30

Only route through mountain range at India/Pakistan

Question 31

European Trade in India

Answer 31

Portuguese and French Coastal colonies

Question 32

British Empire India

Answer 32

Began as British East India Co (1600) then became administrative entity in 1773
Established economic imperialism

Question 33

Economic Imperialism

Answer 33

Agricultural wealth exported to Britain, manufactured goods to India, created dependency

Question 34

Partition

Answer 34

1947
India (Hindu), Muslim (Pakistan and East Pakistan)
12 million religious refugees
Kashmir not involved and still divided

Question 35

Economic Change in South Asia

Answer 35

India: transformative in last 2 decades
More tech and services based
Pakistan and Bangladesh: garment manufacturing

Question 36

Economic Inequality in South Asia

Answer 36

Among poorest in the world
About 750m below poverty line ($1.51 per day)
Povery = low life expectancy, chronic hunger, overcrowding, unsanitary environments, no clean drinking water
Survival depends on scavenging, street vending, child labour

Question 37

Religion in South Asia

Answer 37

1 billion Hindus (India/Nepal)
Islam (Afghan, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Maldives)
Buddhism: minority but in Sri Lanka, Bhutan, Nepal, Tibet

Question 38

Language in South Asia

Answer 38

No dominant language exists
Indo European: Hindu, Urdu, Punjabi
Dravidan: Tamil, Telegu
Tibeto-Burmese
Most of India: English lingu franca (2nd language)

Question 39

Population Change in South Asia

Answer 39

Population density is connected to physical landscapes
India to surpass China by 2030
Rural-urban migration is mainly to largest cities

Question 40

Fertility in South Asia

Answer 40

Fertility levels vary by region (higher to north)
Some states force sterilization
Dependent on socio-cultural and economic factors