South Asia Flashcards

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1
Q

Within ___,____,_____, and ______ are 24 mountains that soar above 25,000 feet (7620 meters) high.

A

India
Nepal
Pakistan
Kashmir

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2
Q

Of all the continents, Asia alone has mountains of this ____.

A

height

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3
Q

World’s highest peak; 29,028 feet

A

Mt. Everest

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4
Q

meet the Himalayas in the northern most part of South Asia

A

Karakoram Mountains

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5
Q

Mountain Kingdoms in ___ and ___ were isolated from the outside world until the 20th century.

A

Bhutan and Nepal

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6
Q

Most of Asia forms a peninsula surrounded by:

A

The Arabian Sea
The Indian Ocean
The Bay of Bengal

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7
Q

South Asia is cut off from the rest of Asia by ____.

A

Mountains

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8
Q

South Asia also includes _____ and other smaller islands.

A

Sri Lanka

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9
Q

-also called “resplendent island.”

A

Sri Lanka

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10
Q

-means having great beauty and splendor

A

Resplendent

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11
Q

Scientists believe that about ____ years ago, the _____ was part of the same large landmass as Africa.

A

60 million years ago

Indian Subcontinent

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12
Q

After breaking away, the subcontinent drifted and smashed into the ______.

A

Southern edge of Asia

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13
Q

The collisions force created the ______, the ranges that contain the world’s highest mountains.

A

Himalayas

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14
Q

Other Northern Landforms:

form a mountainous barrier between the subcontinent and the rest of Asia

A

The Himalaya
The Karakoram
The Hindu Kush

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15
Q

Invaders, however, used crossing places, such as ______, to enter the region.

A

The Khyber Pass

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16
Q

-lies at the foot of the Himalayas

A

Ganges Plain

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17
Q

South Asia has the world’s _______.

A

Tallest mountains

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18
Q

The fertile Ganges plain is home to _____ of the world’s population.

A

One tenth

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19
Q

What three River water the plain?

A

The Indus, the Ganges, and the Brahmaputra

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20
Q

What are the central landforms?

A

The vidhya range

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21
Q

What divides India into northern and southern regions, each of which developed a distinct culture?

A

The vindhya range

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22
Q

In southern India, two chains of eroded mountains

A

The eastern ghats

The western ghats

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23
Q

The eastern and western ghats form a triangle that holds the dry

A

Deccan Plateau

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24
Q

-(Land of Black Soil) receives plenty of precipitation

A

the Karnataka plateau

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25
Q

____ and ____ are island countries south of India.

A

Maldives

Sri Lanka

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26
Q

-once part of the subcontinent

A

Sri Lanka

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27
Q

-a chain of coral atolls and volcanic outcroppings

A

Maldives

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28
Q

-flows through Pakistan to the Arabian Sea, serves as an important waterway and water source

A

The Indus River

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29
Q

-was the cradle of India, one of the world’s earliest civilizations

A

The Indus River valley

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30
Q

-a major inland waterway and provides Bangladesh with hydroelectric power

A

The Brahmaputra

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31
Q

Most important River of Ganges River fed year round by water from the Himalayas. Therefore, it retains its size even during the dry season.

A

The Brahmaputra

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32
Q

Flows east through the Himalayas and then west into India and Bangladesh where it meets the Ganges River

A

The Brahmaputra

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33
Q

Flows through the Ganges Plain, India’s most agriculturally productive area and the world’s largest plain.

A

Ganges River

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34
Q

-one of India’s most populated areas

A

Ganges Plain

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35
Q

-South Asia’s rivers provide the region with hydroelectric power, transportation, drinking water, and fish

A

Water

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36
Q
  • South Asia has some oil and natural gas reserves but most of the region depends on hydroelectricity, wood, coal, and imported oil as sources of fuel
A

Energy Resources

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37
Q

-a leading exporter of iron ore and supplies 90% of the world’s mica

A

India

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38
Q

-a major producer of graphite and also mines, rubies, sapphires, and other valuable gems and stones

A

Sri Lanka

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39
Q

-threatens Nepal’s forests and the government has begun conservation measures

A

Timber overcutting

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40
Q
  • in 1977 this country banned exports of timber to protect its rainforest
A

Sri Lanka

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41
Q

Exports sandalwood, teak, and sal from its _____

A

India

Rain forests

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42
Q

South Asia has what kinds of climates?

A

Highlands climates
Tropical climates
Desert climates

43
Q

-a seasonal change in wind direction that brings heavy rainfall to much of South Asia from June to September

A

The monsoon

44
Q

What is South Asia’s vegetation affected by?

A

Elevation
Rainfall
Human activity

45
Q

South Asia’s population of ____ billion is about ___% of the world’s population.

A

1.671 billion

23%

46
Q

India has __% of the region’s population with ______ billion.

A

76%

1.252 billion

47
Q

India has 6 main religion groups.

A

1) Hindu
2) Muslim
3) Buddhist
4) Sikh
5) Jain
6) Christian

48
Q

-social groups that define one’s occupation and social standing in the Hindu religion

A

Jati

49
Q

In Pakistan and Bangladesh, more than __% of the people are Muslims.

A

90%

50
Q

Sri Lanka has two main ethnic groups:

A

Sinhalese

Tamils

51
Q

-Buddhists who control the government

A

Sinhalese

52
Q

-Hindus who want an independent state in Sri Lanka

A

Tamils

53
Q

-militant terrorist group fighting for independence

A

Tamil Tigers

54
Q

-Nepal ethnic group known for their mountain climbing skills

A

Sherpas

55
Q

Most people of Bhutan and Nepal originally came from ______.

A

Mongolia

56
Q

The population density of South Asia is _____.

A

756/square mile

57
Q

Most dense population is found on:

A

Indo Gangentic Plain

Coast of Indian peninsula

58
Q

-most important food source; most live where this crop is grown

A

Rice

59
Q

-has large tea and rubber plantations and most people live in rural villages

A

Sri Lanka

60
Q

-most densely populated country in the region- 2,320/square mile

A

Bangladesh

61
Q

-India’s largest city

A

Calcutta

62
Q

-India’s main western port

A

Bombay

63
Q

-India’s capital

A

New Delhi

64
Q

-capital of Bangladesh

A

Dhaka

65
Q

-3rd largest city

A

Delhi

66
Q

Indus Valley Civilization

A

2500 bc

67
Q

The Indus Valley Civilization developed a ____,_____ and ______.

A

Writing system
Central government
Overseas trade

68
Q

It declined because the Indus River _______ around 1500 BC flooding some cities.

A

Changed its course

69
Q

-controlled the region after the Indus civilization

A

Aryans

70
Q

-4 books of Aryan religious beliefs and lifestyles

A

Vedas

71
Q

Aryan society was divided into 3 classes

A

Nobles
Priests
Ordinary People

72
Q

-divided people according to social status; you could not change classes

A

Caste system

73
Q

-grew out of the Aryan culture

A

Hinduism

74
Q

-moral duty

A

Dharma

75
Q

-all good deeds are rewarded, all bad deeds are punished

A

Karma

76
Q

-reborn

A

Reincarnated

77
Q

-“Awakened One” Siddhartha Gautama

A

Buddha

78
Q

Gautama was a ____ who gave up his riches to experience the sufferings of people.

A

Nepalese prince

79
Q

Why did Buddha believe people suffer?

A

Because they crave material things

80
Q

-state of great calm insight and happiness

A

Nirvana

81
Q

(320 BC TO 180 BC) covered nearly the entire region; spread Buddhism

A

Maurya Empire

82
Q

(320 AD TO 550 AD) an advanced culture

A

Gupta Empire

83
Q

What did the Gupta Empire develop?

A

The number system that we still use today

84
Q

-final invaders of the region in 1500s

A

Europeans

85
Q

____ set up East India Company and dominated region.

A

England

86
Q

How did the East India Company change the region?

A

Reorganizing education
Introducing english language
Developing civil service

87
Q

-led the Indian movement for independence from Great Britian

A

Mohandas Ghandi

88
Q

What did Ghandi believe in?

A

Nonviolent disobedience to persuade the British to leave

89
Q

-known as Mahatma or “Great Soul”

A

Gandhi

90
Q

Gandhi was often ____ or on _____.

A

Imprisoned

Hunger strikes

91
Q

The region got independence in ____.

A

1947

92
Q

The region was divided into two countries:

A

Pakistan

India

93
Q

India’s main religion is

A

Hinduism

94
Q

Pakistan’s main religion is

A

Islam

95
Q

Pakistan was divided into

A

East and West Pakistan

96
Q

East Pakistan later became

A

Bangladesh

97
Q

In ____, Ceylon changed its name to Sri Lanka

A

1972

98
Q

India has a ____ government.

A

Democracy

99
Q

Sri Lanka and Bangladesh have a ____ government

A

Parliamentary

100
Q

Bhutan and Nepal have _____ as governments

A

Monarchies

101
Q

There are ___ major languages and ___ of dialects

A

14

Hundreds

102
Q

-spoken mainly in government and business

A

English

103
Q

-official language of India

A

Hindi

104
Q

-offical language of Sri Lanka

A

Sinhalese