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World Geography > North Africa and Middle East > Flashcards

North Africa and Middle East Flashcards

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0
Q

North Africa and the Middle East cover more than ___ of earth’s land surface.

A

10%

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1
Q

The region covers ____ sq miles.

A

5.5 million

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2
Q

The three major peninsulas in the region are:

A

Arabian Peninsula
Sinai Peninsula
Anatolian Peninsula

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3
Q

What is the largest peninsula in the region?

A

Arabian peninsula

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4
Q

What is the peninsula in Egypt that connects Africa to Asia?

A

Sinai Peninsula

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5
Q

What peninsula makes up Turkey?

A

Anatolian Peninsula

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6
Q

What are the major seas in the region?

A 
Dead Sea
Red Sea
Black Sea
Mediterranean Sea
Arabian Sea
Caspian Sea
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7
Q

The lowest place on earth’s surface; saltiest body of water

A

Dead Sea

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8
Q

What are the most fertile areas in the region?

A

a) coastal plains of the Mediterranean and Caspian Seas

b) coast of the Persian Gulf

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9
Q

What are the major mountain ranges in southwest Asia?

A 
Hejaz
Asir
Pontic
Taurus
Zagros
Elburz
Hindu Kush
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10
Q

What mountains are on the northwest coast of Arabian Peninsula?

A

Hejaz

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11
Q

Which mountains are on the southwest coast of Arabian peninsula?

A

Asir Mountains

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12
Q

Which mountains are on the Anatolian Peninsula?

A

Pontic and Taurus mountains

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13
Q

Which mountains are in western Iran?

A

Zagros Mountains

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14
Q

Which mountains are just south of the Caspian Sea?

A

Elburz Mtns.

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15
Q

Which mountains have the highest peaks in the region; located in Afghanistan?

A

Hindu Kush

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16
Q

What are the major mountains of North Africa?

A

Atlas Mtns.

Ahagger Mtns.

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17
Q

What is the longest range in Africa

A

Atlas Mountains

18
Q

What mountains are in southern Algeria?

A

Ahaggar Mtns.

19
Q

The _______ is the world’s longest river.

A

Nile River

20
Q

How long is the Nile River?

A

4160 miles

21
Q

-3% of land area but home to 90% of Egyptian people

A

Nile River Valley

22
Q

-sand and mud deposited by the flowing water

A

Alluvial soil deposits

23
Q

-triangle shape section of fertile land at the mouth of a river

A

Delta

24
Q

The ___ and ___ River were home to several ancient civilizations in what is now called Iraq.

A

Tigris

Euphrates

25
Q

-“land between the rivers” (fertile valley)

A

Mesopotamia

26
Q

River is 1700 miles

A

Euphrates

27
Q

River is 1100 miles long

A

Tigris

28
Q

-stream beds that are dry except during heavy rain

A

Wadis

29
Q

The most important natural resource in the region is ___ followed by ____.

A

Petroleum

Natural gas

30
Q

Most oil and natural gas reserves are in the countries bordering the ___, ____, and ____.

A

Persian Gulf
Algeria
Libya

31
Q

Why did wealth in the region increase in the 70’s?

A

Global demand for oil led to rapid increases in price.

32
Q

-chemical compound used in fertilizers

A

Phosphate

33
Q

The major occupations of most people in the region is ___ and ___.

A

Farming

Raising livestock

34
Q

Most parts of the region average ___ than ___ inches of rain per year.

A

Less than 10 inches

35
Q

-cover about 50% of this region

A

Deserts

36
Q

-largest desert in the world at about 3.5 million square miles

A

Sahara

37
Q

-places in the desert where water is present, making small-scale agriculture possible

A

Oasis

38
Q

What makes up 10% of the Sahara? What makes up the rest?

A 
Sand
Desert pavement (rocky gravel areas) mountains and exposed rock
39
Q

-desert in the southern part of the Arabian peninsula.

A

Rub al Khali (Empty Quarter)

40
Q

-on coastal plains and the Tigris-Euphrates valley

A

Mediterranean climate

41
Q

-areas usually receive the most rainfall

A

Coastal and Highlands

42
Q

-north of deserts in North Africa and interior of SW Africa

A

Steppe climate

43
Q

-raising and grazing livestock mainly in steppe regions

A

Pastoralist

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