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World Geography > Chapter 18 > Flashcards

Chapter 18 Flashcards

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0
Q

What is the most spoken language?

A

Arabic

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1
Q

The population of North Africa and southwest Asia is mostly ____ who are ___.

A

Arabs

Muslim

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2
Q

-area of N. Africa compromised of Tunisa, Algeria, and Morocco

A

Maghreb

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3
Q

(Those who live in Israel)

A

Israelis

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4
Q

There are about ____ Israelis and a large majority of them are Jewish.

A

6.4 million

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5
Q

Israel was founded as the ____ in 1948.

A

Jewish homeland

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6
Q

-Arabs who live on land claimed by Israel

A

Palestinians

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7
Q

(People of Turkey)

A

Turks

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8
Q

-groups who ruled most of the eastern Med. arwa for 600 years

A

Ottoman Turks

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9
Q

Turks aren’t ___ but they practice ___.

A

Arabs

Islam

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10
Q

They speak their own language and their culture lends ___,____, and ___ elements.

A

Turkish
Islamic
Western

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11
Q

Iran at one time was called ____.

A

Persia

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12
Q

What language do Iranians speak?

A

Farsi

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13
Q

Most Iranian’s religion is ____ a form of Islam.

A

Shiism

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14
Q

Afghanis consist of many ethnic groups who are mostly ____.

A

Muslim

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15
Q

(People of Cyrpus)

A

Cypriots

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16
Q

-non-Arab island in the Med. Sea

A

Cyprus

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17
Q

Most Cypriots are ___ but there is a ____ minority.

A

Greek

Turkish

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18
Q

Armenians and ______

A

Kurds

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19
Q

What are two groups who want their own countries?

A

Armenians and Kurds

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20
Q

Most people live along ___,____, or near____ and____.

A

Sea costs
Rivers
Highlands
Oasis

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21
Q

____,_____,______ and ______ are the major economic activities.

A

Farming
Mining
Fishing
Trading

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22
Q

The only population in deserts are:

A

Cities with oil-related industry

Nomadic herders live near oases

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23
Q

What are the most populated countries in the area?

A

Iran
Turkey
Egypt

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24
Q

-highest population density with 2000 people per sq. mile

A

Bahrain

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25
Q

What is the population and is it growing or decreasing?

A

381 million

Growing

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26
Q

Why are cities growing?

A

The rural people are moving in search of a better life

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27
Q

-largest city in the region with about 7-10 million people

A

Cairo, Egypt

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28
Q

What is a lake that is split between Israel and Jordan?

A

The Dead Sea

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29
Q

Can fish and plants live in the Dead Sea?

A

No bc of high salt content

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30
Q

What can live in the Dead Sea?

A

Microorganisms

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31
Q

Sea is so dense that swimmers __.

A

Float

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32
Q

The Dead Sea is becoming ____ because____.

A

Smaller and saltier because it’s source, the Jordan River is being used for irrigation

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33
Q

-discovered in caves in 1947 and more than 2000 years old

A

Dead Sea scrolls

34
Q

A group of Jew used the ______ as a hideaway.

A

Caves

35
Q

_______ were the first to settle in the region about 10,000 BC.

A

Hunters and gatherers

36
Q

Who were the first in the world to domesticate animals?

A

The region’s farmers

37
Q

-take plants and animals from the wild and make them useful to people

A

Domesticate

38
Q

-civilization developed in Mesopotamia (Tigris and Euphrates

A

Sumerian

39
Q

-writing system of the Sumerians, using wedge-shaped symbols on wet clay tablets

A

Cuneiform

40
Q

Egyptian civilization developed along the ____.

A

Nile

41
Q

Why could farmers grow 2 or 3 crops each year?

A

Because of the annual flooding of the Nike River

42
Q

-Egyptian form of picture writing

A

Hieroglyphics

43
Q

-came later and was located along the Med. Coast near present-day Israel and Lebanon

A

Phoenician civilization

44
Q

-most important development of an alphabet where letters stood for sounds

A

Phoenicians

45
Q

-covered most of the eastern Med. Coast

A

Persian Empire

46
Q

-underground canals to carry water from the mountains across the desert to farmlands

A

Qanats

47
Q

Because of cultural and economic exchanges, the region is known as the _______.

A

crossroads of civilizations

48
Q

-religion of the Hebrews

A

Judaism

49
Q

-belief in one God

A

Monotheism

50
Q

What did the Jews believe?

A

They believed obedience in God’s laws and creation of a just society

51
Q

-began in Palestine (SW Asia)

A

Christianity

52
Q

-those who follow Jesus’ teachings

A

Christians

53
Q

-began on Arabian peninsula about 600 AD by Muhammed

A

Islam

54
Q

-was a merchant in Mecca who believed he was God’s messenger (prophet)

A

Muhammed

55
Q

-Arabic word meaning “those who submit to the will of God”

A

Muslim

56
Q

-Islamic holy book

A

Quran

57
Q

-Islamic house of public worship

A

Mosque

58
Q

About __ of the world’s people are Muslim.

A

20%

59
Q

When did the region begin to decline?

A

1000 AD

60
Q

Why did the region begin to decline?

A

Major conflicts like Crusades and the Mongol invasions

Lack of resources for fuel during the Industrial Revolution

61
Q

When was the region under European control?

A

The late 1800’s

62
Q

-right of each people to have its own independent nation

A

Nationalism

63
Q

European control declined after ____.

A

WW2

64
Q

-placing foreign-owned companies under government control

A

Nationalize

65
Q

What is the main reason why the Jews and Arabs hate each other?

A

Arabs were upset that Israel was created as a Jewish homeland.
Arabs at first wanted Israel destroyed.
Now, Arabs are fighting over sections of land in Israel that they can call their own.

66
Q

There are several different types of governments in this region:

A 
8 monarchs 
Israel's parliamentary 
Democracy
Egypt's republic
Libya's military dictatorship
67
Q

Regions breakdown of religion:

A

93% Islam
2% Jewish
2% Christian
2% Other

68
Q

-only countries in region where Islam is not majority religion

A

Israel and Cyprus

69
Q

-the region’s main language

A

Arabic

70
Q

Why is Arabic the main religion of the region?

A

The Quean was originally written in Arabic, non-Arabic Muslims often learned Arabic to read the Quran.

71
Q

-pyramid shaped temples built in a step-like fashion made of mud brick; found in Mesopotamia

A

Ziggurats

72
Q

-best known Islamic architecture

A

Mosques and palaces

73
Q

What are the dominant forms of literature because of the strong, oral tradition of storytelling?

A

Epics and poems

74
Q

-popular collection of Arab, Indian, and Persian stories

A

Arabian nights

75
Q

What happened in the 1900’s?

A

The moved from rural areas to urban areas

76
Q

desert nomads

A

Bedouins

77
Q

Which countries have high standards of living because of the manufacturing and petroleum industries?

A

Israel

Qatar

78
Q

Why is the life expectancy low in most of the region?

A

Treatment available only in cities and towns

Shortage of doctors

79
Q

What are the staple foods?

A

Wheat
Barley
Rice

80
Q

How much is primary education?

A

Free

81
Q

Do a large or small percentage of people attend universities?

A

Small

82
Q

-in Cairo, founded in 970 AD is one of the oldest universities in the world

A

University of Al-Azhar

World Geography (10 decks)

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