Sources of drugs and drug nomenclature

Question 1

Drugs may be ……… , ………. and ……….

Answer 1

1. solid (eg, aspirin),
2. liquid (eg, ethanol),
3. gaseous (eg, nitrous oxide).

Question 2

what are the factors that often determine the best route of administration ?

Answer 2

1. solid (eg, aspirin),
2. liquid (eg, ethanol),
3. gaseous (eg, nitrous oxide).
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   المرجع slide1

Question 3

Chemical name, Generic name ,Trade name
are

Answer 3

Types of drug names

Question 4

chemicalmake-upofcompound
• usually too complex for people to remember

Answer 4

Chemical name:

Question 5

simpler than the chemical name - derived from the chemical name itself - easier to remember

Answer 5

Generic name:

Question 6

• Name by which drug is marketed

Answer 6

Trade name:

Question 7

A single drug can have multiple ………..

Answer 7

Trade name

Question 8

………… must be approved by FDA

Answer 8

Trade names

Question 9

• Generic name for a drug is longer and more complex than the ……….

Answer 9

trade name

Question 10

Drugs that can be purchased without prescription ( e.g. Acetaminophen, Ibuprofen,Aspirin..)

Answer 10

Over-The-Counter Drugs (OTC)

Question 11

Drugs must be prescribed by a physician

Answer 11

Prescription drugs

Question 12

Drugs could be classified according to

Answer 12

1. Indications
   Anti-diabetics
   Antibiotics
   2-. Mechanism of action Diuretics
   Beta-blockers Vaso-dilators
   Insulin secretors / Insulin secretagogues Bacterial cell wall synthesis inhbitors
2. Chemical Structure
   Penicillin Sulfonylurea

Question 13

A ……… is administered at a location distant from its intended site of action, eg, a pill given orally to relieve a TOOTHACHE.

Answer 13

Drug

Question 14

A …………… must be transported from its site of administration to its site of action

Answer 14

useful drug
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Question 15

A drug should be ………… or………… from the body at a reasonable rate so that its actions will be of appropriate duration.

Answer 15

inactivated or excreted

Question 16

• The molecular size of drugs varies from

Answer 16

Drug Size
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slide 8

Question 17

very small (lithium ion, MW 7)

Answer 17

Drug Size
المرجع slide 8

Question 18

to very large (eg, alteplase [t-PA], a protein of MW 59,050).

Answer 18

Drug Size
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Question 19

Drugs interact with receptors by means of ……………. .. …………

Answer 19

chemical forces or bonds.

Question 20

covalent, electrostatic, hydrophobic are

Answer 20

These are of three major types
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Question 21

very strong
not reversible

Answer 21

Covalent bonds

Question 22

disappear from the blood after 15 minutes
• inhibit platelet aggregation–several days.

Answer 22

Covalent bonds

Question 23

more common
weaker than covalent bonds.
variable from strong ionic bonds to weaker hydrogen bonds

Answer 23

Electrostatic bonding

Question 24

quite weak
important in the interactions of highly lipid-soluble drugs with the lipids of cell membranes

Answer 24

Hydrophobic bonds