Sounds

Question 1

Diamond shape (crescendo decrescendo)

Answer 1

Stenotic valve

Question 2

Holosystolic

Answer 2

MR
TR if at the apex

VSD if parasternal

Question 3

Diastolic crescendo decrescendo

Answer 3

MS

tS

Question 4

Diastolic decrescendo

Answer 4

AR

PR (high pitched-blowing)

Question 5

Diastolic rumble (low frequency)

Answer 5

MS

Question 6

diastolic blow (high frequency)

Answer 6

AR

Question 7

P wave

Answer 7

Atrial systole

Question 8

QRS complex

Answer 8

Ventricular systole (depolarization)

Question 9

T wave

Answer 9

Ventricular diastole (repolarization)

Question 10

What is the value for the R-R interval

Answer 10

Between 3-5 big boxes (60-100 beats/ minute)

Question 11

What is the value of the QRS complex

Answer 11

Less than 3 little boxes (less than 0.12 seconds)

Question 12

What is the value of the PR interval

Answer 12

Less than 1big box (less than 0.2 seconds)

Question 13

Systolic crescendo decrescendo

Answer 13

AS
PS
ASD

Question 14

Murmurs that arise from stenotic valves that have flow across them during systole

Answer 14

Systolic crescendo decrescendo

Question 15

Murmurs arise from stenotic valves that have flow across them during diastole

Answer 15

Diastolic crescendo decrescendo

Question 16

Right sided murmurs are more likely to be affected by

Answer 16

Respiration

Question 17

Cause increased preload

Answer 17

Any regurgitation (AR,TR,PR,MR)
ASD, VSD
Fluid overload

Question 18

Causes increased after load

Answer 18

Hypertension
Aortic stenosis
Pulmonic stenosis